Restoring forests as a means to many ends

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 365(6448), P. 24 - 25

Published: July 4, 2019

An urgent need to replenish tree canopy cover calls for holistic approaches

Language: Английский

---

The commonness of rarity: Global and future distribution of rarity across land plants

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 5(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2019

A key feature of life's diversity is that some species are common but many more rare. Nonetheless, at global scales, we do not know what fraction biodiversity consists rare species. Here, present the largest compilation plant to quantify Earth's large fraction, ~36.5% ~435,000 species, exceedingly Sampling biases and prominent models, such as neutral theory k-niche model, cannot account for observed prevalence rarity. Our results indicate (i) climatically stable regions have harbored hence a via reduced extinction risk (ii) climate change human land use now disproportionately impacting Estimates abundance distributions important implications assessments conservation planning in this era rapid change.

Language: Английский

---

Ensuring effective implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity targets

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 411 - 418

Published: Jan. 25, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems

One Earth, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. 371 - 382

Published: Sept. 1, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Developing multiscale and integrative nature–people scenarios using the Nature Futures Framework

People and Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 1172 - 1195

Published: Sept. 16, 2020

Abstract Scientists have repeatedly argued that transformative, multiscale global scenarios are needed as tools in the quest to halt decline of biodiversity and achieve sustainability goals. As a first step towards achieving this, researchers who participated models expert group Intergovernmental Science‐Policy Platform on Biodiversity Ecosystem Services (IPBES) entered into an iterative, participatory process led development Nature Futures Framework (NFF). The NFF is heuristic tool captures diverse, positive relationships humans with nature form triangle. It can be used both boundary object for continuously opening up more plural perspectives creation desirable actionable framework developing consistent across multiple scales. Here we describe methods employed develop how it fits longer term create nature. We argue contribution twofold: (a) its ability hold plurality what , which enables joint goals visions recognizes possible convergence synergies measures these (b), functionality elaborating inform decision‐making at relevant levels, making applicable specific places If humanity goal sustainable prosperous future rooted flourishing nature, critical open space human–nature relationships. community sets out new biodiversity, navigation helping make futures possible. A free Plain Language Summary found within Supporting Information this article.

Language: Английский

---

Supporting resurgent Indigenous-led governance: A nascent mechanism for just and effective conservation

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 240, P. 108284 - 108284

Published: Nov. 4, 2019

Substantial increases in the pace, scale, and effectiveness of conservation will be required to abate ongoing loss global biodiversity simultaneous ecological degradation. Concurrently, need for respect inherent human rights, including rights title Indigenous Peoples, is increasingly recognized. Here, we describe often overlooked role that resurgent Indigenous-led governance could have driving rapid, socially just conservation. Whereas resurgence spans all aspects governance, focus on three highlight both necessity nascent potential supporting systems as they relate lands seas. Firstly, much landscapes seascapes interest are within territories, so augmenting them not possible, justified, nor legal without consent partnership. Secondly, provides rapidly increasing spatial coverage conserved areas. Thirdly, increased effectiveness. We Canada, a country disproportionately composed globally significant intact ecosystems other with considerable value, comprised where governments well-positioned advance meaningful at large scale. discuss broader implications, territories covering swaths globe, five countries (Canada, USA, Australia, Brazil, Russia) whose borders contain majority world's remaining landscapes. offer suggestions achieve effective just.

Language: Английский

---

Environment of Peace: Security in a New Era of Risk

Published: April 29, 2022

The environmental crisis is increasing risks to security and peace worldwide, notably in countries that are already fragile. Indicators of insecurity such as the number conflicts, hungry people military expenditure rising; so indicators decline, climate change, biodiversity, pollution other areas. In combination, crises creating compound, cascading, emergent, systemic existential risks. Without profound changes approach by institutions authority, will inevitably proliferate quickly. Environment Peace surveys evolving risk landscape documents a developments indicate pathway solutions––in international law policy, peacekeeping operations among non-governmental organizations. It finds two principal avenues need be developed: (a) combining peace-building restoration, (b) effectively addressing underlying issues. also analyses potential existing emerging pro-environment measures for exacerbating security. findings demonstrate only just peaceful transitions more sustainable practices can effective––and show these rapid.

Language: Английский

---

Global areas of low human impact (‘Low Impact Areas’) and fragmentation of the natural world

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Oct. 2, 2019

Habitat loss and fragmentation due to human activities is the leading cause of biodiversity ecosystem services. Protected areas are primary response this challenge cornerstone conservation efforts. Roughly 15% land currently protected although there momentum dramatically raise area targets towards 50%. But, how much remains in a natural state? We answer critical question by using open-access, frequently updated data sets on terrestrial impacts create new categorical map global influence ('Low Impact Areas') at 1 km2 resolution. found that 56% surface, minus permanent ice snow, has low impact. This suggests increased could be met minimally impacted people, substantial variation across ecoregions biomes. While habitat well documented, differences rates between biomes received little attention. Low Areas uniquely enabled us calculate biomes, we compared these an idealized globe with no human-caused fragmentation. The heavily fragmented, compromised reduced patch size core area, exposed edge effects. Tropical dry forests temperate grasslands world's most demonstrate when considered addition loss, species, ecosystems associated services worse condition than previously reported.

Language: Английский

---

Protecting half of the planet could directly affect over one billion people

Nature Sustainability, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 2(12), P. 1094 - 1096

Published: Nov. 18, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Integrating climate adaptation and biodiversity conservation in the global ocean

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 5(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2019

The impacts of climate change and the socioecological challenges they present are ubiquitous increasingly severe. Practical efforts to operationalize climate-responsive design management in global network marine protected areas (MPAs) required ensure long-term effectiveness for safeguarding biodiversity ecosystem services. Here, we review progress integrating adaptation into MPA provide eight recommendations expedite this process. Climate-smart objectives should become default all areas, made an explicit international policy target. Furthermore, incentives use more dynamic tools would increase responsiveness as a whole. Given ongoing negotiations on conservation targets, now is ideal time proactively reform seascape climate-biodiversity reality.

Language: Английский

---