New Phytologist,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
238(6), P. 2363 - 2374
Published: March 24, 2023
Phosphorus
deposition
can
stimulate
both
plant
carbon
inputs
and
microbial
outputs.
However,
how
P
enrichment
affects
soil
organic
(SOC)
storage
the
underlying
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
We
conducted
a
meta-analysis
of
642
SOC
observations
from
213
field
addition
experiments
world-wide
explored
regulations
inputs,
outputs,
characteristics,
environmental
experimental
factors
on
responses.
found
that,
globally,
stimulated
by
4.0%
(95%
CI:
2.0-6.0%),
but
stimulation
only
occurred
in
forest
cropland
rather
than
grassland.
Across
sites,
response
correlated
with
that
aboveground
belowground
biomass,
suggesting
change
was
more
important
regulating
changes
due
to
addition.
Among
multiple
factors,
N
fixation
status
mean
annual
temperature
were
best
predictors
for
responses
addition,
being
higher
ecosystems
dominated
symbiotic
nitrogen
fixers
high-temperature
regions
like
tropical
forests.
Our
findings
highlight
differential
ecosystem-dependent
contribute
accurate
predictions
dynamics
P-enriched
world.
Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
377(6606), P. 603 - 608
Published: Aug. 4, 2022
Grasslands
store
approximately
one
third
of
the
global
terrestrial
carbon
stocks
and
can
act
as
an
important
soil
sink.
Recent
studies
show
that
plant
diversity
increases
organic
(SOC)
storage
by
elevating
inputs
to
belowground
biomass
promoting
microbial
necromass
contribution
SOC
storage.
Climate
change
affects
grassland
modifying
processes
catabolism
anabolism.
Improved
grazing
management
biodiversity
restoration
provide
low-cost
and/or
high-carbon-gain
options
for
natural
climate
solutions
in
grasslands.
The
achievable
sequestration
potential
grasslands
is
2.3
7.3
billion
tons
dioxide
equivalents
per
year
(CO2e
year-1)
restoration,
148
699
megatons
CO2e
year-1
improved
management,
147
sown
legumes
pasturelands.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: July 1, 2022
Abstract
Soil
is
the
largest
terrestrial
reservoir
of
organic
carbon
and
central
for
climate
change
mitigation
carbon-climate
feedbacks.
Chemical
physical
associations
soil
with
minerals
play
a
critical
role
in
storage,
but
amount
global
capacity
storage
this
form
remain
unquantified.
Here,
we
produce
spatially-resolved
estimates
mineral-associated
stocks
carbon-storage
by
analyzing
1144
globally-distributed
profiles.
We
show
that
current
total
899
Pg
C
to
depth
1
m
non-permafrost
mineral
soils.
Although
constitutes
66%
70%
surface
deeper
layers,
respectively,
it
only
42%
21%
mineralogical
capacity.
Regions
under
agricultural
management
layers
undersaturation
carbon.
Critically,
degree
indicates
sequestration
efficiency
over
years
decades.
that,
across
103
carbon-accrual
measurements
spanning
interventions
globally,
soils
furthest
from
their
are
more
effective
at
accruing
carbon;
rates
average
3-times
higher
one
tenth
compared
half
Our
findings
provide
insights
into
world’s
soils,
store
carbon,
priority
regions
actions
management.
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
28(10), P. 3426 - 3440
Published: Jan. 29, 2022
Global
changes
can
alter
plant
inputs
from
both
above-
and
belowground,
which,
thus,
may
differently
affect
soil
carbon
microbial
communities.
However,
the
general
patterns
of
how
input
them
in
forests
remain
unclear.
By
conducting
a
meta-analysis
3193
observations
166
experiments
worldwide,
we
found
that
alterations
aboveground
litter
and/or
root
had
profound
effects
on
communities
forest
ecosystems.
Litter
addition
stimulated
organic
(SOC)
pools
biomass,
whereas
removal
litter,
roots
or
(no
inputs)
decreased
them.
The
increased
SOC
under
suggested
benefit
sequestration
despite
accelerated
decomposition.
Unlike
removal,
no
altered
particulate
carbon,
all
detrital
treatments
did
not
significantly
change
mineral-associated
carbon.
In
addition,
contrastingly
community,
with
shifting
it
toward
fungi,
bacteria.
Furthermore,
responses
biomass
to
positively
correlated
rate
total
input,
suggesting
quantity
is
critical
controller
belowground
processes.
Taken
together,
these
findings
provide
insights
into
understanding
productivity
allocation
affects
cycling,
functioning
ecosystems
global
changes.
Future
studies
take
full
advantage
existing
detritus
should
focus
relative
roles
forming
its
fractions.
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
28(24), P. 7167 - 7185
Published: Aug. 31, 2022
Predicting
and
mitigating
changes
in
soil
carbon
(C)
stocks
under
global
change
requires
a
coherent
understanding
of
the
factors
regulating
organic
matter
(SOM)
formation
persistence,
including
knowledge
direct
sources
SOM
(plants
vs.
microbes).
In
recent
years,
conceptual
models
have
emphasized
primacy
microbial-derived
inputs,
proposing
that
microbial
physiological
traits
(e.g.,
growth
efficiency)
are
dominant
controls
on
quantity.
However,
quantitative
studies
challenged
this
view,
suggesting
plants
make
larger
contributions
to
than
is
currently
recognized
by
paradigm.
review,
we
attempt
reconcile
these
perspectives
highlighting
variation
across
estimates
plant-
versus
may
arise
part
from
methodological
limitations.
We
show
all
major
methods
used
estimate
plant
substantial
shortcomings,
uncertainty
our
current
estimates.
demonstrate
there
significant
overlap
chemical
signatures
compounds
produced
microbes,
roots,
through
extracellular
decomposition
litter,
which
introduces
into
use
common
biomarkers
for
parsing
SOM,
especially
mineral-associated
(MAOM)
fraction.
Although
review
contributed
deeper
limitations
with
constrain
light
advances,
suggest
now
critical
time
re-evaluate
long-standing
methods,
clearly
define
their
limitations,
develop
strategic
plan
improving
quantification
SOM.
From
synthesis,
outline
key
questions
challenges
future
research
mechanisms
stabilization
pathways.
Functional Ecology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
36(6), P. 1411 - 1429
Published: March 7, 2022
Abstract
Soil
organic
matter
(SOM)
is
the
largest
actively
cycling
reservoir
of
terrestrial
carbon
(C),
and
majority
SOM
in
Earth's
mineral
soils
(~65%)
mineral‐associated
(MAOM).
Thus,
formation
fate
MAOM
can
exert
substantial
influence
on
global
C
cycle.
To
predict
future
changes
to
climate,
it
critical
mechanistically
understand
processes
by
which
formed
decomposed,
accurately
represent
this
process‐based
understanding
biogeochemical
Earth
system
models.
In
review,
we
use
a
trait‐based
framework
synthesize
interacting
roles
plants,
soil
micro‐organisms,
matrix
regulating
decomposition.
Our
proposed
differentiates
between
plant
microbial
traits
that
total
OM
inputs
(‘feedstock
traits’)
versus
proportion
are
ultimately
incorporated
into
(‘MAOM
traits’).
We
discuss
how
these
feedstock
may
be
altered
warming,
precipitation
elevated
dioxide.
At
planetary
scale,
help
shape
distribution
across
biomes,
modulate
biome‐specific
responses
climate
change.
leverage
synthesis
measurements
provide
estimates
amount
MAOM‐C
globally
(~840–1540
Pg
C;
34%–51%
C),
its
biomes.
show
concentration
highest
temperate
forests
grasslands,
lowest
shrublands
savannas.
Grasslands
croplands
have
(SOC)
fraction
(i.e.
MAOM‐C:SOC
ratio),
while
boreal
tundra
ratio.
Drawing
our
trait
framework,
then
review
experimental
data
posit
effects
change
pools
different
conclude
discussing
integrated
models,
included
also
summarize
projected
under
scenarios
(Representative
Concentration
Pathways
4.5
8.5)
key
model
uncertainties.
Read
free
Plain
Language
Summary
for
article
Journal
blog.
Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(3), P. 2338 - 2338
Published: Jan. 27, 2023
Conventional
farming
practices
can
lead
to
soil
degradation
and
a
decline
in
productivity.
Regenerative
agriculture
(RA)
is
purported
by
advocates
as
solution
these
issues
that
focuses
on
health
carbon
sequestration.
The
fundamental
principles
of
RA
are
keep
the
covered,
minimise
disturbance,
preserve
living
roots
year
round,
increase
species
diversity,
integrate
livestock,
limit
or
eliminate
use
synthetic
compounds
(such
herbicides
fertilisers).
overall
objectives
rejuvenate
land
provide
environmental,
economic,
social
benefits
wider
community.
Despite
RA,
vast
majority
growers
reluctant
adopt
due
lack
empirical
evidence
claimed
profitability.
We
examined
reported
mechanisms
associated
with
against
available
scientific
data.
literature
suggests
agricultural
such
minimum
tillage,
residue
retention,
cover
cropping
improve
carbon,
crop
yield,
certain
climatic
zones
types.
Excessive
chemicals
biodiversity
loss
ecosystem
degradation.
Combining
livestock
agroforestry
same
landscape
several
co-benefits.
However,
vary
among
different
agroecosystems
may
not
necessarily
be
applicable
across
multiple
agroecological
regions.
Our
recommendation
implement
rigorous
long-term
system
trials
compare
conventional
order
build
knowledge
regional
scales.
This
will
policy-makers
an
base
from
which
make
informed
decisions
about
adopting
realise
their
economic
achieve
resilience
climate
change.
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
28(3), P. 1178 - 1196
Published: Dec. 4, 2021
Understanding
the
controls
on
amount
and
persistence
of
soil
organic
carbon
(C)
is
essential
for
predicting
its
sensitivity
to
global
change.
The
response
may
depend
whether
C
unprotected,
isolated
within
aggregates,
or
protected
from
decomposition
by
mineral
associations.
Here,
we
present
a
synthesis
relative
influence
environmental
factors
partitioning
among
pools,
abundance
in
each
pool
(mg
g-1
soil),
(as
approximated
radiocarbon
abundance)
relatively
unprotected
particulate
mineral-bound
pools.
We
show
that
mineral-associated
pools
consistently
differed
one
another
degree
relationship
factors.
Soil
depth
was
best
predictor
persistence,
though
it
accounted
more
variance
persistence.
Persistence
all
decreased
with
increasing
mean
annual
temperature
(MAT)
throughout
profile,
whereas
increased
wetness
index
(MAP/PET)
subsurface
soils
(30-176
cm).
soil)
climate
varied
depth.
Mineral-associated
surface
(<30
cm)
strongly
than
free
C,
but
both
showed
attenuated
responses
at
Overall,
these
relationships
suggest
strong
properties,
potential
loss
areas
decreasing
wetness.
Relative
significantly
land
cover
types
parent
material
lithologies.
This
variability
pool's
suggests
not
equally
vulnerable
Therefore,
projections
future
based
patterns
bulk
be
misleading.