Light as a Modulator of Non-Image-Forming Brain Functions—Positive and Negative Impacts of Increasing Light Availability

Clocks & Sleep, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 116 - 140

Published: March 17, 2023

Light use is rising steeply, mainly because of the advent light-emitting diode (LED) devices. LEDs are frequently blue-enriched light sources and may have different impacts on non-image forming (NIF) system, which maximally sensitive to blue-wavelength light. Most importantly, timing LED device widespread, leading novel exposure patterns NIF system. The goal this narrative review discuss multiple aspects that we think should be accounted for when attempting predict how situation will affect impact brain functions. We first cover both image-forming pathways brain. then detail our current understanding human cognition, sleep, alertness, mood. Finally, questions concerning adoption lighting screens, offer new opportunities improve well-being, but also raise concerns about increasing exposure, detrimental health, particularly in evening.

Language: Английский

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Recommendations for measuring and standardizing light for laboratory mammals to improve welfare and reproducibility in animal research

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. e3002535 - e3002535

Published: March 12, 2024

Light enables vision and exerts widespread effects on physiology behavior, including regulating circadian rhythms, sleep, hormone synthesis, affective state, cognitive processes. Appropriate lighting in animal facilities may support welfare ensure that animals enter experiments an appropriate physiological behavioral state. Furthermore, proper consideration of light during experimentation is important both when it explicitly employed as independent variable a general feature the environment. This Consensus View discusses metrics to use for quantification nonhuman mammals their application improve quality research. It provides methods measuring these metrics, practical guidance implementation husbandry experimentation, quantitative exposure laboratory mammals. The provided has potential data contribute reduction refinement, helping more ethical use.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota-derived indole-3-acetic acid suppresses high myopia progression by promoting type I collagen synthesis

Cell Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Abstract High myopia (HM) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide with currently no effective interventions available. A major hurdle lies in its often isolated perception as purely ocular morbidity, disregarding potential systemic implications. Recent evidence suggests the existence gut-eye axis; however, role gut microbiota pathogenesis HM remains largely unexplored. Herein, we provide crosstalk among HM’s dysbiosis, microbial metabolites, and scleral remodeling. Utilizing 16S rRNA gene sequencing, observed an altered profile patients significant reduction probiotic abundance compared healthy controls. Subsequent targeted metabolic profiling revealed notable decrease plasma levels microbiota-derived metabolite indole-3-acetic acid (3-IAA) patients, which closely associated reduced probiotics, both negatively correlated severity. Genetic analyses determined that are causally risk. Importantly, when mice subjected to modeling receive fecal transplantation from donors, there increase 3-IAA simultaneous retardation progression along better maintenance collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) expression sclera. Furthermore, gavage achieves similar effects. Mechanistic investigations confirm transcriptional activation COL1A1 by via promoting enrichment SP1 promoter. Together, our findings novel insights into microbiota-eye axis propose new strategies for intervention remodeling indole supplementation.

Language: Английский

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Short-term acute bright light exposure induces a prolonged anxiogenic effect in mice via a retinal ipRGC-CeA circuit

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(12)

Published: March 22, 2023

Light modulates mood through various retina-brain pathways. We showed that mice treated with short-term acute bright light exposure displayed anxiety-related phenotypes in a prolonged manner even after the termination of exposure. Such postexposure anxiogenic effect depended upon melanopsin-based intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) activities rather than rod/cone photoreceptor inputs. Chemogenetic manipulation specific central nuclei demonstrated ipRGC-central amygdala (CeA) visual circuit played key role this effect. The corticosterone system was likely to be involved effect, as evidenced by enhanced expression glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein CeA and bed nucleus stria terminalis absence animals GR antagonist. Together, our findings reveal non-image forming specifically designed for "the delayed" extinction anxiety against potential threats, thus conferring survival advantage.

Language: Английский

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Ammonia powered thermal-responsive smart window with spectral regulation of Cu2+ and sodium copper chlorophyllin

Energy Conversion and Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 299, P. 117815 - 117815

Published: Nov. 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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The Role of Retinal Dopamine D1 Receptors in Ocular Growth and Myopia Development in Mice

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(48), P. 8231 - 8242

Published: Sept. 26, 2023

Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter in the signaling cascade controlling ocular refractive development, but exact role and site of action dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) involved myopia remains unclear. Here, we determine whether retinal D1Rs exclusively mediate effects endogenous systemically delivered D1R agonist or antagonist mouse form deprivation (FDM) model. Male C57BL/6 mice subjected to unilateral FDM unobstructed vision were divided into following four groups: one noninjected three groups that received intraperitoneal injections vehicle, SKF38393 (18 59 nmol/g), SCH39166 (0.1 1 nmol/g). The these drugs on further assessed Drd1 -knock-out ( -KO), retina-specific conditional -KO -CKO) mice, corresponding wild-type littermates. In visually group, neither nor affected normal whereas development was attenuated by enhanced injections. -CKO however, had no effect suggesting activation pertinent suppression agonist. Interestingly, unchanged either -CKO, injections, -KO, vitreal metabolite DOPAC levels. Effects axial length less marked than refraction. Therefore, D1Rs, specifically inhibits mice. These results also suggest multiple mechanisms play roles emmetropization development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT While recognized as “stop” signal (myopization), location this be addressed. Answers question are critical for understanding how dopaminergic systems regulate growth We report here our study showing essential identifying retina control via D1Rs. findings highlight importance intrinsic regulation specific avenues exploring myopization.

Language: Английский

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The effects of ambient narrowband long-wavelength light on lens-induced myopia and form-deprivation myopia in tree shrews

Experimental Eye Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 234, P. 109593 - 109593

Published: July 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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Diurnal retinal and choroidal gene expression patterns support a role for circadian biology in myopia pathogenesis

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Abstract The prevalence of myopia (nearsightedness) is increasing to alarming levels, but its etiology remains poorly understood. Because both laboratory and clinical findings suggest an etiologic role for circadian rhythms in development, we assayed gene expression by RNA-Seq retina choroid at the onset unilateral experimental chick, isolating tissues every 4 h during a single 24-h period from myopic contralateral control eyes. Occluded versus open eye differences varied considerably over sampling period, with some occurring multiple times day others showing only investigated timepoint. Some genes identified or chick were previously as candidate common human myopia. Like differentially expressed genes, pathways Gene Set Enrichment Analysis also dramatically time. Considered other data, genetic epidemiology these further implicate events pathogenesis. present results emphasize need include time mechanistic studies assess biology directly trying understand better origin develop more effective therapies.

Language: Английский

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Constructing a New Biomass‐Based Bistatic Window for Solar Regulation

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(29)

Published: May 29, 2024

Abstract Smart windows effectively respond to the ever‐changing climatic conditions, offering a smart solution for low‐carbon buildings. However, current derived from chromic materials often have inferior solar modulation ability, or showcase high haze that obstructs outdoor views. Here, instead of developing new materials, bistatic window is proposed ultra‐high and luminous transmission. The developed can reduce indoor surface temperature ≈11 °C, building space cooling heating energy consumption by 30% 40%, providing significant energy‐related advances over traditional windows. In detail, exhibits excellent ability (ΔT sol = 61%), visible transmittance in both bleached ( T lum,bleached 91%) colored lum,colored 56%) states, low (< 1%), rapid switching response (switching time < 1 min), color rendering index (CRI > 80), long‐cyclic stability after 1000 cycles. With advantages facile fabrication scalability, it foreseen holds promising prospect next‐generation buildings, paving way future advancements fields

Language: Английский

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Chromatic cues for the sign of defocus in the peripheral retina

Biomedical Optics Express, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 5098 - 5098

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

Detecting optical defocus at the retina is crucial for accurate accommodation and emmetropization. However, characteristics of ocular are not fully understood. To bridge this knowledge gap, we simulated polychromatic retinal image quality by considering both monochromatic wavefront aberrations chromatic eye, in fovea periphery (nasal visual field). Our study revealed two main findings: (1) interact to provide a signal (chromatic anisotropy) discern positive from negative (2) that anisotropy exhibited notable differences among refractive error groups (myopes, emmetropes hyperopes). These findings could enhance our understanding underlying mechanisms detection their subsequent implications myopia control therapies. Further research needed explore architecture's ability utilize signals identified study.

Language: Английский

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