Limnology and Oceanography,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
64(5), P. 1949 - 1965
Published: March 26, 2019
Abstract
Internal
waves
can
influence
water
properties
in
coastal
ecosystems
through
the
shoreward
transport
and
mixing
of
subthermocline
into
nearshore
region.
In
June
2014,
a
field
experiment
was
conducted
at
Dongsha
Atoll
northern
South
China
Sea
to
study
impact
internal
on
coral
reef.
Instrumentation
included
distributed
temperature
sensing
system,
which
resolved
spatially
temporally
continuous
measurements
over
4‐km
cross‐reef
section
from
lagoon
50‐m
depth
fore
Our
observations
show
that
during
summer,
shoaling
shallow
atoll
regularly
cold,
nutrient‐rich
shoreward,
altering
near‐surface
This
is
transported
reef
crest
by
tides,
breaking
surface
wind‐driven
flow,
where
it
significantly
alters
nutrient
concentrations
flat.
We
find
without
wave
forcing
reef,
temperatures
flat
could
be
up
2.0°C
±
0.2°C
warmer.
Additionally,
we
estimate
change
degree
heating
weeks
0.7°C‐weeks
warmer
waves,
increases
probability
more
severe
bleaching
event
occurring
Atoll.
Furthermore,
using
samples
collected
study,
estimated
instantaneous
onshore
nitrate
flux
about
four‐fold
higher
with
than
waves.
work
highlights
importance
as
physical
mechanism
shaping
environment,
likely
supporting
resilience
Science,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
359(6371), P. 80 - 83
Published: Jan. 5, 2018
Not
enough
time
for
recovery
Coral
bleaching
occurs
when
stressful
conditions
result
in
the
expulsion
of
algal
partner
from
coral.
Before
anthropogenic
climate
warming,
such
events
were
relatively
rare,
allowing
reef
between
events.
Hughes
et
al.
looked
at
100
reefs
globally
and
found
that
average
interval
is
now
less
than
half
what
it
was
before.
Such
narrow
windows
do
not
allow
full
recovery.
Furthermore,
warming
as
El
Niño
are
warmer
previously,
general
ocean
conditions.
changes
likely
to
make
more
difficult
recover
Science
,
this
issue
p.
80
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
51(8), P. 4182 - 4190
Published: March 29, 2017
Organic
ultraviolet
(UV)
filters
are
widely
used
in
personal
care
products
and
occur
ubiquitously
the
aquatic
environment.
In
this
study,
concentrations
of
seven
commonly
organic
UV
were
determined
seawater,
sediment
five
coral
species
collected
from
eastern
Pearl
River
Estuary
South
China
Sea.
Five
compounds,
benzophenone-1,
-3,
-8
(BP-1,
-8),
octocrylene
(OC)
octyl
dimethyl-p-aminobenzoic
acid
(ODPABA),
detected
tissues
with
highest
detection
frequencies
(>65%)
(31.8
±
8.6
24.7
10.6
ng/g
ww,
respectively)
found
for
BP-3
BP-8.
Significantly
higher
observed
wet
season,
indicating
that
inputs
sunscreen
agents
could
be
attributed
to
increased
coastal
recreational
activities.
Accumulation
was
only
soft
bioaccumulation
factors
(log10-values)
ranging
2.21
3.01.
The
results
a
preliminary
risk
assessment
indicated
over
20%
samples
study
sites
contained
exceeding
threshold
values
causing
larval
deformities
mortality
worst-case
scenario.
Higher
probabilities
negative
impacts
on
communities
predicted
season.
Reviews of Geophysics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
61(1)
Published: Feb. 16, 2023
Abstract
Tipping
elements
are
components
of
the
Earth
system
which
may
respond
nonlinearly
to
anthropogenic
climate
change
by
transitioning
toward
substantially
different
long‐term
states
upon
passing
key
thresholds
or
“tipping
points.”
In
some
cases,
such
changes
could
produce
additional
greenhouse
gas
emissions
radiative
forcing
that
compound
global
warming.
Improved
understanding
tipping
is
important
for
predicting
future
risks
and
their
impacts.
Here
we
review
mechanisms,
predictions,
impacts,
knowledge
gaps
associated
with
10
notable
proposed
be
elements.
We
evaluate
approaching
critical
whether
shifts
manifest
rapidly
over
longer
timescales.
Some
have
a
higher
risk
crossing
points
under
middle‐of‐the‐road
pathways
will
possibly
affect
major
ecosystems,
patterns,
and/or
carbon
cycling
within
21st
century.
However,
literature
assessing
scenarios
indicates
strong
potential
reduce
impacts
many
through
mitigation.
The
studies
synthesized
in
our
suggest
most
do
not
possess
abrupt
years,
exhibit
behavior,
rather
responding
more
predictably
directly
magnitude
forcing.
Nevertheless,
uncertainties
remain
elements,
highlighting
an
acute
need
further
research
modeling
better
constrain
risks.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: March 12, 2024
Abstract
Climate
change
impact
syntheses,
such
as
those
by
the
Intergovernmental
Panel
on
Change,
consistently
assert
that
limiting
global
warming
to
1.5
°C
is
unlikely
safeguard
most
of
world’s
coral
reefs.
This
prognosis
primarily
based
a
small
subset
available
models
apply
similar
‘excess
heat’
threshold
methodologies.
Our
systematic
review
79
articles
projecting
reef
responses
climate
revealed
five
main
methods.
‘Excess
constituted
one
third
(32%)
all
studies
but
attracted
disproportionate
share
(68%)
citations
in
field.
Most
methods
relied
deterministic
cause-and-effect
rules
rather
than
probabilistic
relationships,
impeding
field’s
ability
estimate
uncertainty.
To
synthesize
projections,
we
aimed
identify
with
comparable
outputs.
However,
divergent
choices
model
outputs
and
scenarios
limited
analysis
fraction
studies.
We
found
substantial
discrepancies
projected
impacts,
indicating
serving
basis
for
syntheses
may
project
more
severe
consequences
other
Drawing
insights
from
fields,
propose
incorporate
uncertainty
into
modeling
approaches
multi-model
ensemble
approach
generating
projections
futures.
