Effector-Triggered Immunity DOI Creative Commons
Brenna C. Remick, Moritz M. Gaidt, Russell E. Vance

et al.

Annual Review of Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 41(1), P. 453 - 481

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

The innate immune system detects pathogens via germline-encoded receptors that bind to conserved pathogen ligands called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Here we consider an additional strategy of sensing effector-triggered immunity (ETI). ETI involves detection pathogen-encoded virulence factors, also effectors. Pathogens produce effectors manipulate hosts create a replicative niche and/or block host immunity. Unlike PAMPs, are often diverse and rapidly evolving can thus be unsuitable targets for direct by receptors. Effectors instead sensed indirectly their activities. is viable used across phyla, including plants, but the mechanisms complex compared simple receptor/ligand-based PAMP detection. survey functions ETI, with particular focus on emerging insights from animal studies. We suggest many examples may remain discovered, hiding in plain sight throughout immunology.

Language: Английский

Mutual potentiation of plant immunity by cell-surface and intracellular receptors DOI
Bruno Pok Man Ngou, Heekyung Ahn, Pingtao Ding

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 592(7852), P. 110 - 115

Published: March 10, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

753
PTI-ETI crosstalk: an integrative view of plant immunity DOI
Minhang Yuan, Bruno Pok Man Ngou, Pingtao Ding

et al.

Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 62, P. 102030 - 102030

Published: March 7, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

607
Thirty years of resistance: Zig-zag through the plant immune system DOI Creative Commons
Bruno Pok Man Ngou, Pingtao Ding, Jonathan D. G. Jones

et al.

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(5), P. 1447 - 1478

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

Understanding the plant immune system is crucial for using genetics to protect crops from diseases. Plants resist pathogens via a two-tiered innate detection-and-response system. The first Resistance (R) gene was cloned in 1992 . Since then, many cell-surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have been identified, and R genes that encode intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLRs) cloned. Here, we provide list of characterized PRRs NLRs. In addition receptors, components signaling networks were discovered over last 30 years. We review pathways, physiological responses, molecular regulation both PRR- NLR-mediated immunity. Recent studies reinforced importance interactions between two systems. an overview immunity, highlighting challenges perspectives future research.

Language: Английский

Citations

569
The ZAR1 resistosome is a calcium-permeable channel triggering plant immune signaling DOI Creative Commons
Guozhi Bi, Min Su, Nan Li

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 184(13), P. 3528 - 3541.e12

Published: May 12, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

434
Direct pathogen-induced assembly of an NLR immune receptor complex to form a holoenzyme DOI
Ma ShouCai, Dmitry Lapin, Jie Liu

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 370(6521)

Published: Dec. 4, 2020

Tetrameric immune receptors Nucleotide-binding/leucine-rich repeat (NLR) detect pathogen effectors and trigger a plant's response. Two groups have now defined the structures of two NLRs that carry Toll-like interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains (TIR-NLRs) (see Perspective by Tian Li). Ma et al. studied Arabidopsis thaliana TIR-NLR RPP1 (recognition Peronospora parasitica 1) its response to from an oomycete pathogen. Martin Nicotiana benthamiana ROQ1 XopQ Xanthomonas effector. Both found these TIR-NLRs formed tetramers that, when activated binding effector, exposed active site nicotinamide adenine dinucleoside (NAD) hydrolase. Thus, recognition effector initiates NAD hydrolysis begins Science , this issue p. eabe3069 eabd9993 ; see also 1163

Language: Английский

Citations

399
Evasion of plant immunity by microbial pathogens DOI
Yan Wang, Rory N. Pruitt, Thorsten Nürnberger

et al.

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(8), P. 449 - 464

Published: March 16, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

269
SARM1 is a metabolic sensor activated by an increased NMN/NAD+ ratio to trigger axon degeneration DOI Creative Commons
Matthew D. Figley, Weixi Gu, Jeffrey D. Nanson

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(7), P. 1118 - 1136.e11

Published: March 2, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

260
Plant evolution driven by interactions with symbiotic and pathogenic microbes DOI
Pierre‐Marc Delaux, Sebastián Schornack

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 371(6531)

Published: Feb. 19, 2021

New pathways in plants and microbes Plants have interacted through evolution ways that shaped diversity helped colonize land. Delaux Schornack review how insights from a range of plant algal genomes reveal sustained use ancient gene modules as well emergence lineage-specific specializations. Mosses, liverworts, hornworts layered innovation onto existing to build new microbial interactions. Such innovations may be transferrable crop with an eye toward building more sustainable agriculture. Science , this issue p. eaba6605

Language: Английский

Citations

255
Plant immune networks DOI
Bruno Pok Man Ngou, Jonathan D. G. Jones, Pingtao Ding

et al.

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(3), P. 255 - 273

Published: Sept. 18, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

228
A wheat resistosome defines common principles of immune receptor channels DOI Creative Commons
Alexander Förderer, Ertong Li, Aaron W. Lawson

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 610(7932), P. 532 - 539

Published: Sept. 26, 2022

Abstract Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) detect pathogen effectors to trigger immune responses 1 . Indirect recognition of a effector by the dicotyledonous Arabidopsis thaliana coiled-coil domain containing NLR (CNL) ZAR1 induces formation large hetero-oligomeric protein complex, termed resistosome, which functions as calcium channel required for ZAR1-mediated immunity 2–4 Whether resistosome and activities are conserved among plant CNLs remains unknown. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structure wheat CNL Sr35 5 in complex with AvrSr35 6 stem rust pathogen. Direct binding repeats results pentameric Sr35–AvrSr35 term resistosome. Wheat resistosomes bear striking structural similarities, including an arginine cluster not previously recognized conserved, co-occurs forms intramolecular interactions 'EDVID' motif domain. Electrophysiological measurements show that exhibits non-selective cation activity. These insights allowed us generate new variants closely related barley orphan NLRs recognize AvrSr35. Our data support evolutionary conservation plants demonstrate proof principle structure-based engineering crop improvement.

Language: Английский

Citations

194