Nature Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30(8), P. 2148 - 2164
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Long
COVID
represents
the
constellation
of
post-acute
and
long-term
health
effects
caused
by
SARS-CoV-2
infection;
it
is
a
complex,
multisystem
disorder
that
can
affect
nearly
every
organ
system
be
severely
disabling.
The
cumulative
global
incidence
long
around
400
million
individuals,
which
estimated
to
have
an
annual
economic
impact
approximately
$1
trillion-equivalent
about
1%
economy.
Several
mechanistic
pathways
are
implicated
in
COVID,
including
viral
persistence,
immune
dysregulation,
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
complement
endothelial
inflammation
microbiome
dysbiosis.
devastating
impacts
on
individual
lives
and,
due
its
complexity
prevalence,
also
has
major
ramifications
for
systems
economies,
even
threatening
progress
toward
achieving
Sustainable
Development
Goals.
Addressing
challenge
requires
ambitious
coordinated-but
so
far
absent-global
research
policy
response
strategy.
In
this
interdisciplinary
review,
we
provide
synthesis
state
scientific
evidence
assess
human
health,
systems,
economy
metrics,
forward-looking
roadmap.
Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
375(6578), P. 296 - 301
Published: Jan. 14, 2022
Multiple
sclerosis
(MS)
is
a
chronic
inflammatory
demyelinating
disease
of
the
central
nervous
system
unknown
etiology.
We
tested
hypothesis
that
MS
caused
by
Epstein-Barr
virus
(EBV)
in
cohort
comprising
more
than
10
million
young
adults
on
active
duty
US
military,
955
whom
were
diagnosed
with
during
their
period
service.
Risk
increased
32-fold
after
infection
EBV
but
was
not
other
viruses,
including
similarly
transmitted
cytomegalovirus.
Serum
levels
neurofilament
light
chain,
biomarker
neuroaxonal
degeneration,
only
seroconversion.
These
findings
cannot
be
explained
any
known
risk
factor
for
and
suggest
as
leading
cause
MS.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: June 19, 2023
T
cells
are
crucial
for
immune
functions
to
maintain
health
and
prevent
disease.
cell
development
occurs
in
a
stepwise
process
the
thymus
mainly
generates
CD4
Nature Reviews Drug Discovery,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
22(6), P. 496 - 520
Published: April 28, 2023
Single-cell
technologies,
particularly
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
(scRNA-seq)
methods,
together
with
associated
computational
tools
and
the
growing
availability
of
public
data
resources,
are
transforming
drug
discovery
development.
New
opportunities
emerging
in
target
identification
owing
to
improved
disease
understanding
through
cell
subtyping,
highly
multiplexed
functional
genomics
screens
incorporating
scRNA-seq
enhancing
credentialling
prioritization.
ScRNA-seq
is
also
aiding
selection
relevant
preclinical
models
providing
new
insights
into
mechanisms
action.
In
clinical
development,
can
inform
decision-making
via
biomarker
for
patient
stratification
more
precise
monitoring
response
progression.
Here,
we
illustrate
how
methods
being
applied
key
steps
discuss
ongoing
challenges
their
implementation
pharmaceutical
industry.
There
have
been
significant
recent
advances
development
remarkable
Ferran
colleagues
primarily
pipeline,
from
decision-making.
Ongoing
potential
future
directions
discussed.
