bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 28, 2024
Abstract
The
microbiota
significantly
impacts
health
and
treatment
outcomes.
While
16S
rRNA
gene
sequencing
reveals
relative
bacterial
abundances,
it
does
not
provide
absolute
quantification.
We
developed
a
cost-effective
solution
incorporating
synthetic
DNA
standards
designed
to
ensure
balanced
nucleotide
representation
at
each
position.
These
are
spiked
into
samples
before
extraction,
enabling
simultaneous
quantification
of
both
abundances.
applied
this
method
collected
from
mice
patients,
after
antibiotic
treatment.
Our
approach
showed
reduction
in
total
density
patients
post-antibiotic
This
spike-in
standard
can
be
adapted
with
varying
densities,
allowing
taxonomical
abundances
without
the
need
for
an
additional
quantitative
PCR
assessment.
also
improves
quality
scores
low
biomass
samples.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(19)
Published: Feb. 7, 2024
Current
approaches
to
treating
inflammatory
bowel
disease
focus
on
the
suppression
of
overactive
immune
responses,
removal
reactive
intestinal
oxygen
species,
and
regulation
flora.
However,
owing
complex
structure
gastrointestinal
tract
influence
mucus,
current
small-molecule
biologic-based
drugs
for
colitis
cannot
effectively
act
at
site
colon
inflammation,
as
a
result,
they
tend
exhibit
low
efficacies
toxic
side
effects.
In
this
study,
nanogel-based
multistage
NO
delivery
microcapsules
are
developed
achieve
release
inflammation
by
targeting
tissues
using
nanogel.
Surprisingly,
oral
administration
suppresses
growth
pathogenic
bacteria
increases
abundance
probiotic
bacteria.
Metabolomics
further
show
that
an
increased
probiotics
promotes
production
metabolites,
including
short-chain
fatty
acids
indole
derivatives,
which
modulate
immunity
restore
barrier
via
interleukin-17
PI3K-Akt
signaling
pathways.
This
work
reveals
gas
therapy
strategy
based
modulates
microbial
balance,
thereby
reducing
promoting
repair,
ultimately
providing
new
therapeutic
approach
clinical
management
colitis.
Journal of Clinical Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
41(34), P. 5306 - 5319
Published: May 26, 2023
PURPOSE
Gut
microbiota
injury
in
allogeneic
hematopoietic
cell
transplantation
(HCT)
recipients
and
patients
with
AML
has
been
associated
adverse
clinical
outcomes.
Previous
studies
these
have
shown
improvements
various
microbiome
indices
after
fecal
(FMT).
However,
whether
translate
into
improved
outcomes
remains
unclear.
We
examined
this
question
a
randomized,
double-blind,
placebo-controlled
phase
II
trial.
METHODS
Two
independent
cohorts
of
HCT
receiving
induction
chemotherapy
were
randomly
assigned
2:1
ratio
to
receive
standardized
oral
encapsulated
FMT
versus
placebo
upon
neutrophil
recovery.
After
each
course
antibacterial
antibiotics,
received
study
treatment.
Up
three
treatments
administered
within
3
months.
The
primary
end
point
was
4-month
all-cause
infection
rate.
Patients
followed
for
9
RESULTS
In
the
cohort
(74
patients),
density
0.74
0.91
events
per
100
patient-days
arms,
respectively
(infection
rate
ratio,
0.83;
95%
CI,
0.48
1.42;
P
=
.49).
(26
0.93
arm
1.25
arm,
an
(95%
0.32
1.71;
.48).
Unique
donor
bacterial
sequences
comprised
25%-30%
FMT.
postantibiotic
recovery
diversity,
restored
several
depleted
obligate
anaerobic
commensals,
reduced
abundance
expanded
genera
Enterococcus,
Streptococcus,
Veillonella,
Dialister.
CONCLUSION
AML,
third-party
safe
ameliorated
intestinal
dysbiosis,
but
did
not
decrease
infections.
Novel
findings
from
trial
will
inform
future
development
trials.
International Journal of Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19(14), P. 4393 - 4410
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Akkermansia
muciniphila
(A.
muciniphila),
a
gram-negative
anaerobic
bacterium,
is
selectively
decreased
in
the
fecal
microbiota
of
patients
with
colorectal
cancer
(CRC),
but
its
molecular
mechanism
CRC
development
remains
inconclusive.
In
this
study,
we
first
confirmed
inhibitory
effect
A.
on
formation
and
analyzed
metabolic
role
intestinal
flora
human
Polyps,
A-CRA
(advanced
adenoma)
samples.
To
better
clarify
development,
pseudo-germ-free
(GF)
azoxymethane
(AOM)/dextran
sulfate
sodium
(DSS)
mouse
model
was
established,
followed
by
infection
or
without
muciniphila.
Metabolomic
analysis
RNA-seq
showed
tryptophan-mediated
aryl
hydrocarbon
receptor
(AhR)
significantly
down-regulated
muciniphila-infected
mice.
Then,
mice
specific
AhR
deficiency
(AhRfl/fl
Cre)
were
generated
used
2
murine
models:
AOM/DSS
treatment
as
carcinogen-induced
colon
genetically
induced
using
ApcMin/+
Notably,
inhibited
growth
model.
Moreover,
inhibited,
rather
than
enhanced,
tumor
tumor-derived
organoids
Apc-deficient
cells
both
vivo
vitro
activating
Wnt/β-catenin
signaling
TCF4/LEF1-dependent
transcription.
Furthermore,
antitumor
effectiveness
abolished
either
subcutaneous
transplantation
AhR-silenced
cells,
AhR-deficienty
spontaneous
conclusion,
supplementation
protected
from
specifically
inhibiting
AhR/β-catenin
signaling.
Gut Microbes,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: March 6, 2024
The
gut-to-lung
axis
is
critical
during
respiratory
infections,
including
influenza
A
virus
(IAV)
infection.
In
the
present
study,
we
used
high-resolution
shotgun
metagenomics
and
targeted
metabolomic
analysis
to
characterize
influenza-associated
changes
in
composition
metabolism
of
mouse
gut
microbiota.
We
observed
several
taxonomic-level
on
day
(D)7
post-infection,
a
marked
reduction
abundance
members
Lactobacillaceae
Bifidobacteriaceae
families,
an
increase
Akkermansia
muciniphila.
On
D14,
perturbation
persisted
some
species.
Functional
scale
metagenomic
data
revealed
transient
metabolic
pathways,
particularly
those
leading
production
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
polyamines,
tryptophan
metabolites.
Quantitative
metabolomics
serum
specific
classes
microbiota
metabolites,
SCFAs,
trimethylamine,
indole-containing
decrease
indole-3-propionic
acid
(IPA)
blood
level
was
D7.
Changes
microbiota-associated
metabolites
correlated
with
taxon
disease
marker
levels.
particular,
IPA
positively
species
(Limosilactobacillus
reuteri,
Lactobacillus
animalis)
negatively
Bacteroidales
bacterium
M7,
viral
load,
inflammation
markers.
supplementation
diseased
animals
reduced
load
lowered
local
(lung)
systemic
inflammation.
Treatment
mice
antibiotics
targeting
IPA-producing
bacteria
before
infection
enhanced
lung
inflammation,
effect
inhibited
by
supplementation.
results
this
integrated
metagenomic-metabolomic
highlighted
as
important
contributor
outcomes
potential
biomarker
severity.
Pharmaceuticals,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(5), P. 604 - 604
Published: May 8, 2024
The
involvement
of
the
gut
microbiota
in
anti-cancer
treatment
has
gained
increasing
attention.
Alterations
to
structure
and
function
bacteria
are
important
factors
development
cancer
as
well
efficacy
chemotherapy.
Recent
studies
have
confirmed
that
related
metabolites
influence
pharmacological
activity
chemotherapeutic
agents
through
interactions
with
immune
system.
This
review
aims
summarize
current
knowledge
how
malignant
tumor
chemotherapy
affect
microbiota,
regulates
host
response,
between
response
advances
strategies
for
efficiency
based
on
also
described.
Deciphering
complex
homeostasis
maintained
by
immunity
provides
a
solid
scientific
basis
bacterial
intervention
