A systematic review of gut microbiota composition in observational studies of major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(4), P. 1920 - 1935

Published: Feb. 22, 2022

Abstract The emerging understanding of gut microbiota as ‘metabolic machinery’ influencing many aspects physiology has gained substantial attention in the field psychiatry. This is largely due to overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms associated with both potential functionality and biological thought be underpinning mental disorders. In this systematic review, we synthesised current literature investigating differences composition people major psychiatric disorders, depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar (BD) schizophrenia (SZ), compared ‘healthy’ controls. We also explored across disorders an attempt elucidate commonalities microbial signatures these Following PRISMA guidelines, databases were searched from inception through December 2021. identified 44 studies (including a total 2510 cases 2407 controls) that met inclusion criteria, which 24 investigated MDD, seven BD, 15 SZ. Our syntheses provide no strong evidence for difference number or distribution (α-diversity) bacteria those However, relatively consistent reporting overall community (β-diversity) without specific bacterial taxa commonly including lower levels genera produce short-chain fatty acids (e.g. butyrate), higher lactic acid-producing bacteria, glutamate GABA metabolism. observed heterogeneity regards methodologies reporting. Further prospective experimental research using new tools robust guidelines hold promise improving our role brain health development interventions based on modification microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Global Impacts of Western Diet and Its Effects on Metabolism and Health: A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 2749 - 2749

Published: June 14, 2023

The Western diet is a modern dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of pre-packaged foods, refined grains, red meat, processed high-sugar drinks, candy, sweets, fried conventionally raised animal products, high-fat dairy and high-fructose products. present review aims to describe the effect on metabolism, inflammation, antioxidant status; impact gut microbiota mitochondrial fitness; cardiovascular health, mental cancer; sanitary cost diet. To achieve this goal, consensus critical was conducted using primary sources, such as scientific articles, secondary including bibliographic indexes, databases, web pages. Scopus, Embase, Science Direct, Sports Discuss, ResearchGate, Web were used complete assignment. MeSH-compliant keywords “Western diet”, “inflammation”, “metabolic health”, fitness”, “heart disease”, “cancer”, “oxidative stress”, “mental “metabolism” used. following exclusion criteria applied: (i) studies with inappropriate or irrelevant topics, not germane review’s focus; (ii) Ph.D. dissertations, proceedings conferences, unpublished studies. This information will allow for better comprehension nutritional behavior its an individual’s metabolism well national systems. Finally, practical applications derived from are made.

Language: Английский

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Insights into endogenous Bifidobacterium species in the human gut microbiota during adulthood

Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(10), P. 940 - 947

Published: May 13, 2022

Bifidobacteria are among the earliest and most abundant bacterial colonizers of neonatal gut in many mammals, where they elicit purported host health benefits. While early life-associated dynamics diversity, as well metabolic beneficial activities, Bifidobacterium species have been studied, functional contributions bifidobacteria to well-being adults remain less explored. In this opinion piece, we discuss current knowledge regarding relevance endogenous associated with adulthood. We identify gaps opportunities for microbiota enrichment rationally selected strains more adapted adult host. propose that future studies area will help us better understand ecological, metabolic, roles played by ecosystem across various ages.

Language: Английский

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Role of the Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites in Tumorigenesis or Development of Colorectal Cancer

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(23)

Published: June 1, 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common of digestive system with high mortality and morbidity rates. Gut microbiota found in intestines, especially colorectum, has structured crosstalk interactions host that affect several physiological processes. The gut include CRC-promoting bacterial species, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, CRC-protecting Clostridium butyricum, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, which along other microorganisms, viruses fungi, play critical roles development CRC. Different features are identified patients early-onset CRC, combined different patterns between fecal intratumoral microbiota. may be beneficial diagnosis treatment CRC; some bacteria serve biomarkers while others regulators chemotherapy immunotherapy. Furthermore, metabolites produced by essential CRC cells. Harmful primary bile acids short-chain fatty acids, whereas others, including ursodeoxycholic acid butyrate, impede tumor progression. This review focuses on its metabolites, their potential development, diagnosis,

Language: Английский

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The Fish Microbiota: Research Progress and Potential Applications

Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29, P. 137 - 146

Published: March 16, 2023

The gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and disease. Our understanding of the fish lags far behind our knowledge that humans other mammals. Nevertheless, research has highlighted importance health, performance, various physiological functions fish. been studied species, including model animals, economic fish, wild species. composition depends on selection, diet, environmental factors. intestinal affects nutritional metabolism, immunity, disease resistance host, while regulates a reciprocal way through both immune non-immune Improved novel gnotobiotic models have developed, which are for mechanistic study host-microbiota interactions In this review, we discuss recent progress research. We describe aspects research, studies variations fundamental extending host–microbiota interaction Perspectives how may benefit industrial sustainability also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Gut bacterial metabolism contributes to host global purine homeostasis

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(6), P. 1038 - 1053.e10

Published: June 1, 2023

The microbes and microbial pathways that influence host inflammatory disease progression remain largely undefined. Here, we show variation in atherosclerosis burden is partially driven by gut microbiota associated with circulating levels of uric acid (UA) mice humans. We identify bacterial taxa spanning multiple phyla, including Bacillota, Fusobacteriota, Pseudomonadota, use purines, UA as carbon energy sources anaerobically. a gene cluster encodes key steps anaerobic purine degradation widely distributed among gut-dwelling bacteria. Furthermore, colonization gnotobiotic purine-degrading bacteria modulates other purines the systemically. Thus, are important drivers global homeostasis serum levels, catabolism may represent mechanism which health.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Diet and Gut Microbiota in Regulating Gastrointestinal and Inflammatory Disease

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 5, 2022

Diet is an important lifestyle factor that known to contribute in the development of human disease. It well established poor diet plays active role exacerbating metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes and hypertension. Our understanding how immune system drives chronic inflammation disease pathogenesis has evolved recent years. However, contribution dietary factors inflammatory conditions bowel disease, multiple sclerosis arthritis remain poorly defined. A western been associated pro-inflammatory, contrast traditional patterns are being anti-inflammatory. This may be due direct effects nutrients on cell function. also affect composition function gut microbiota, which consequently affects immunity. In animal models modulate gastrointestinal tract other peripheral sites. Despite limitations models, there now emerging evidence show anti-inflammatory translate diseases. appropriately designed, larger clinical studies must conducted confirm therapeutic benefit therapy.

Language: Английский

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Mediterranean-Like Dietary Pattern Associations With Gut Microbiome Composition and Subclinical Gastrointestinal Inflammation

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 163(3), P. 685 - 698

Published: May 26, 2022

Language: Английский

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Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Diseases and the Gut-Brain Axis: The Potential of Therapeutic Targeting of the Microbiome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 9577 - 9577

Published: May 31, 2023

The human gut microbiome contains the largest number of bacteria in body and has potential to greatly influence metabolism, not only locally but also systemically. There is an established link between a healthy, balanced, diverse overall health. When becomes unbalanced (dysbiosis) through dietary changes, medication use, lifestyle choices, environmental factors, ageing, this profound effect on our health linked many diseases, including metabolic inflammatory neurological diseases. While humans largely association dysbiosis with disease, animal models, causative can be demonstrated. brain particularly important maintaining health, strong neurodegenerative neurodevelopmental This suggests that microbiota composition used make early diagnosis diseases modifying microbiome-gut-brain axis might present therapeutic target for have proved intractable, aim altering trajectory such as Alzheimer's Parkinson's multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity among others. other potentially reversible migraine, post-operative cognitive dysfunction, long COVID, which considered models therapy disease. role traditional methods microbiome, well newer, more novel treatments faecal transplants photobiomodulation, are discussed.

Language: Английский

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Alleviative effects of natural plant polysaccharides against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis via inhibiting inflammation and modulating gut microbiota

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 167, P. 112630 - 112630

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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