Assembly and ecological function of the root microbiome across angiosperm plant species

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 115(6)

Published: Jan. 22, 2018

Across plants and animals, host-associated microbial communities play fundamental roles in host nutrition, development, immunity. The factors that shape host–microbiome interactions are poorly understood, yet essential for understanding the evolution ecology of these symbioses. Plant roots assemble two distinct compartments from surrounding soil: rhizosphere (microbes roots) endosphere within roots). Root-associated microbes were key land underlie ecosystem processes. However, it is largely unknown how plant has shaped root communities, turn, affect ecology, such as ability to mitigate biotic abiotic stressors. Here we show variation among 30 angiosperm species, which have diverged up 140 million years, affects bacterial diversity composition. Greater similarity microbiomes between hosts leads negative effects on performance through soil feedback, with specific taxa potentially affecting competitive species. Drought also shifts composition microbiomes, most notably by increasing relative abundance Actinobacteria. this drought response varies across host-specific changes Streptomyces associated tolerance. Our results emphasize causes their ecological importance

Language: Английский

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The seed microbiome: Origins, interactions, and impacts

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 422(1-2), P. 7 - 34

Published: May 24, 2017

Language: Английский

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Climate change effects on plant-soil feedbacks and consequences for biodiversity and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 5(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2019

By affecting plant-soil feedbacks, climate change will alter plant distribution and performance overall ecosystem functioning.

Language: Английский

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Plant-soil feedback and the maintenance of diversity in Mediterranean-climate shrublands

Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 355(6321), P. 173 - 176

Published: Jan. 12, 2017

Soil biota and plant diversity biota, including symbionts such as mycorrhizal fungi nitrogen-fixing bacteria, well fungal bacterial pathogens, affect terrestrial growth patterns (see the Perspective by van der Putten). Teste et al. monitored survival in Australian shrubland species paired with soil from plants of same other that use different nutrient acquisition strategies. Plant-soil feedbacks appear to drive local through interactions between types their associated biota. Bennett studied plant-soil seeds 550 populations 55 North American trees. Feedbacks ranged positive negative, depending on type association, were related how densely occurred natural populations. Science , this issue p. 134 173 ; see also 181

Language: Английский

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Cover crops to increase soil microbial diversity and mitigate decline in perennial agriculture. A review

Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 36(3)

Published: Sept. 1, 2016

Language: Английский

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Below‐ground frontiers in trait‐based plant ecology

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 213(4), P. 1597 - 1603

Published: Oct. 13, 2016

Summary Trait‐based approaches have led to significant advances in plant ecology, but are currently biased toward above‐ground traits. It is becoming clear that a stronger emphasis on below‐ground traits needed better predict future changes biodiversity and their consequences for ecosystem functioning. Here I propose six ‘below‐ground frontiers’ trait‐based with an governing soil nutrient acquisition: redefining fine roots; quantifying root trait dimensionality; integrating mycorrhizas; broadening the suite of traits; determining linkages between abiotic biotic factors; understanding ecosystem‐level Focusing research efforts along these frontiers should help fulfil promise ecology: enhanced predictive capacity across ecological scales. Contents 1597 I. The ecology II. Redefining roots III. Quantifying dimensionality 1598 IV. Integrating mycorrhizas V. Broadening 1600 VI. Determining trait–environment 1601 VII. Understanding VIII. Conclusions Acknowledgements 1602 References

Language: Английский

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When and where plant‐soil feedback may promote plant coexistence: a meta‐analysis

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(8), P. 1274 - 1284

Published: May 31, 2019

Plant-soil feedback (PSF) theory provides a powerful framework for understanding plant dynamics by integrating growth assays into predictions of whether soil communities stabilise plant-plant interactions. However, we lack comprehensive view the likelihood feedback-driven coexistence, partly because failure to analyse pairwise PSF, metric directly linked species coexistence. Here, determine relative importance evolutionary history, traits, and environmental factors coexistence through PSF using meta-analysis 1038 measures. Consistent with eco-evolutionary predictions, is more likely mediate pairs (1) associating similar guilds mycorrhizal fungi, (2) increasing phylogenetic distance, (3) interacting native microbes. We also found evidence primary role pathogens in feedback-mediated By combining results over several independent studies, our confirm that may play key invasion, diversification communities.

Language: Английский

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Relative importance of competition and plant–soil feedback, their synergy, context dependency and implications for coexistence

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 21(8), P. 1268 - 1281

Published: June 12, 2018

Plants interact simultaneously with each other and soil biota, yet the relative importance of competition vs. plant-soil feedback (PSF) on plant performance is poorly understood. Using a meta-analysis 38 published studies 150 species, we show that effects interspecific (either growing plants competitor or singly, comparing inter- intraspecific competition) PSF (comparing home away soil, live sterile control fungicide-treated soil) depended treatments but were predominantly negative, broadly comparable in magnitude, additive synergistic. Stronger competitors experienced more negative than weaker when controlling for density (inter- to competition), suggesting could prevent competitive dominance promote coexistence. When was measured against strength overwhelmed PSF, indicating may depend not only neighbour identity also density. We evaluate how PSFs might across resource gradients; will likely strengthen interactions high environments enhance facilitative low-resource environments. Finally, provide framework filling key knowledge gaps advancing our understanding these biotic influence community structure.

Language: Английский

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The role of locally adapted mycorrhizas and rhizobacteria in plant–soil feedback systems

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 30(7), P. 1086 - 1098

Published: April 10, 2016

Summary The plant–soil feedback ( PSF ) framework has become an important theory in plant ecology, yet many ecological and evolutionary factors that influence s have to be fully considered. Here, we discuss the importance of local adaptation among plants root‐associated fungi bacteria. Furthermore, show how inclusion optimal resource allocation OA model can help predict direction outcome under environmental change. Plants associated soil microbes co‐evolved for millennia, generating adaptations each other their environment. This co‐adaptation is likely generated by a suite multidirectional exchanges goods services plants, bacteria, constant changes above‐ground–below‐ground interactions. Resource limitation may driver organisms involved nutritional symbioses. states when essential limited, natural selection will favour taxa forage optimally adjusting biomass energy such productivity equally limited all resources. Co‐adaptation therefore respond limiting conditions through taxa‐specific transfer outcomes across range gradients as increasing drought or atmospheric nitrogen deposition. Positive predicted systems where exchange ameliorate limitation, provide another service pathogen defence. Feedback strength expected diminish resources less limiting. Negative are luxury supply populations opportunistic pathogens increase relative commensal mutualist microbes. Future, field‐based studies integrate naturally co‐occurring needed further test hypothesis availability effective predictor magnitude s. A more mechanistic understanding land managers farmers manipulate plant–microbial interactions change effectively harness beneficial symbioses nutrition control.

Language: Английский

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Lost in diversity: the interactions between soil‐borne fungi, biodiversity and plant productivity

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 218(2), P. 542 - 553

Published: Feb. 22, 2018

There is consensus that plant species richness enhances productivity within natural grasslands, but the underlying drivers remain debated. Recently, differential accumulation of soil-borne fungal pathogens across diversity gradient has been proposed as a cause this pattern. However, below-ground environment generally treated 'black box' in biodiversity experiments, leaving these fungi unidentified. Using next generation sequencing and pathogenicity assays, we analysed community composition root-associated from experiment to examine if evidence exists for host specificity negative density dependence interplay between fungi, productivity. Plant were colonised by distinct (pathogenic) communities isolated showed negative, species-specific effects on growth. Moreover, 57% pathogenic operational taxonomic units (OTUs) recorded monocultures not detected eight plots, suggesting loss OTUs with diversity. Our work provides strong density-dependent grasslands. substantiates hypothesis root are an important driver biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships.

Language: Английский

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