Cell cycle and age-related modulations of mouse chromosome stiffness DOI Creative Commons

Ning Liu,

Wenan Qiang, Philip W. Jordan

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 14, 2025

Chromosome structure is complex, and many aspects of chromosome organization are still not understood. Measuring the stiffness chromosomes offers valuable insight into their structural properties. In this study, we analyzed from metaphase I (MI) II (MII) oocytes. Our results revealed a tenfold increase in (Young’s modulus) MI compared to somatic chromosomes. Furthermore, MII was found be lower than that We examined role meiosis-specific cohesin complexes regulating stiffness. Surprisingly, three mutants did significantly differ wild-type chromosomes, indicating these cohesins may primary determinants Additionally, our findings an age-related for Since aging associated with elevated levels DNA damage, investigated impact etoposide-induced damage on it led reduction Overall, study underscores dynamic cyclical nature stiffness, modulated by both cell cycle factors.

Language: Английский

Reconstitution of SPO11-dependent double-strand break formation DOI Creative Commons
Zhi Zheng, Lvqin Zheng, Meret Arter

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

5
PRDM9 drives the location and rapid evolution of recombination hotspots in salmonid fish DOI Creative Commons
Marie Raynaud, Paola Sanna, Julien Joseph

et al.

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. e3002950 - e3002950

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

In many eukaryotes, meiotic recombination occurs preferentially at discrete sites, called hotspots. various lineages, hotspots are located in regions with promoter-like features and evolutionarily stable. Conversely, some mammals, driven by PRDM9 that targets away from promoters. Paradoxically, induces the self-destruction of its this triggers an ultra-fast evolution mammalian is ancestral to all animals, suggesting a critical importance for program, but has been lost lineages surprisingly little effect on meiosis success. However, it unclear whether function described mammals shared other species. To investigate this, we analyzed landscape several salmonids, genome which harbors one full-length truncated paralogs. We identified initiation sites Oncorhynchus mykiss mapping DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). found DSBs clustered positioned promoters, enriched H3K4me3 H3K36me3 location depended genotype Prdm9 . observed high level polymorphism zinc finger domain , indicating diversification positive selection. Moreover, population-scaled maps O kisutch Salmo salar revealed rapid turnover caused target motif erosion. Our results imply conserved across vertebrates peculiar evolutionary runaway active hundred million years.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Complete human recombination maps DOI Creative Commons
Gunnar Pálsson, Marteinn T. Hardarson, Hákon Jónsson

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Human recombination maps are a valuable resource for association and linkage studies crucial many inferences of population history natural selection. Existing maps1-5 based solely on cross-over (CO) recombination, omitting non-cross-overs (NCOs)-the more common form recombination6-owing to the difficulty in detecting them. Using whole-genome sequence data families, we estimate number NCOs transmitted from parent offspring derive complete, sex-specific including both COs. Mothers have fewer but longer than fathers, oocytes accumulate non-regulated fashion with maternal age. Recombination, primarily NCO, is responsible 1.8% (95% confidence interval: 1.3-2.3) 11.3% 9.0-13.6) paternal de novo mutations, respectively, may drive increase mutations substantially prominent COs centromeres, possibly avoid large-scale genomic changes that cause aneuploidy. Our results demonstrate highlight much greater extent differences meiotic process between sexes, which reflect safeguarding infancy until ovulation.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Distinct and interdependent functions of three RING proteins regulate recombination during mammalian meiosis DOI Creative Commons
Masaru Ito, Yan Yun, Dhananjaya S. Kulkarni

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(2)

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

During meiosis, each pair of homologous chromosomes becomes connected by at least one crossover, as required for accurate segregation, and adjacent crossovers are widely separated thereby limiting total numbers. In coarsening models, this crossover patterning results from nascent recombination sites competing to accrue a pro-crossover RING-domain protein (COR) that diffuses between synapsed chromosomes. Here, we delineate the localization dynamics three mammalian CORs in mouse determine their interdependencies. RNF212, HEI10, newest member RNF212B show divergent spatiotemporal along chromosomes, including profound differences spermatocytes oocytes, not easily reconciled elementary models. Contrasting mutant phenotypes genetic requirements indicate RNF212B, HEI10 play distinct but interdependent functions regulating meiotic coordinating events prophase-I integrating signals DNA breaks, homolog synapsis, cell-cycle, incipient sites.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The synaptonemal complex aligns meiotic chromosomes by wetting DOI Creative Commons
Spencer G. Gordon, Alyssa A. Rodriguez, Yajie Gu

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(9)

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

During meiosis, the parental chromosomes are drawn together to enable exchange of genetic information. Chromosomes aligned through assembly a conserved interface, synaptonemal complex, composed central region that forms between two parallel chromosomal backbones called axes. Here, we identify axis-central interface in C. elegans , containing positive patch on axis component HIM-3 and negative C terminus protein SYP-5. Crucially, canonical ultrastructure complex is altered upon weakening this using charge-reversal mutations. We developed thermodynamic model recapitulates our experimental observations, indicating liquid-like can assemble by wetting axes without active energy consumption. More broadly, data show condensation drives tightly regulated nuclear reorganization during sexual reproduction.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Principles of chromosome organization for meiotic recombination DOI

Mathilde Biot,

Attila Tóth, Christine Brun

et al.

Molecular Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 84(10), P. 1826 - 1841.e5

Published: April 23, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Heating up meiosis – Chromosome recombination and segregation under high temperatures DOI Creative Commons
Joke De Jaeger‐Braet, Arp Schnittger

Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 80, P. 102548 - 102548

Published: May 14, 2024

Heat stress is one of the major constraints to plant growth and fertility. During current climate crisis, heat waves have increased dramatically, even more extreme conditions are predicted for near future, considerably affecting ecosystems seriously threatening world food security. Although very well known affect especially reproductive structures, little about how interferes with reproduction in comparison somatic cells tissues. Recently, effect on meiosis as a central process sexual has been analyzed molecular cytological depth. Notably, these studies not only important applied research by laying foundation breeding heat-resilient crops, but also fundamental research, revealing general regulatory mechanisms recombination chromosome segregation control.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
The molecular machinery of meiotic recombination DOI Creative Commons
Linda Chen, John R. Weir

Biochemical Society Transactions, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 52(1), P. 379 - 393

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Meiotic recombination, a cornerstone of eukaryotic diversity and individual genetic identity, is essential for the creation physical linkages between homologous chromosomes, facilitating their faithful segregation during meiosis I. This process requires that germ cells generate controlled DNA lesions within own genome are subsequently repaired in specialised manner. Repair these breaks involves modulation existing recombination repair pathways to crossovers chromosomes. Decades cytological studies have identified multitude factors involved meiotic recombination. Recent work has started provide additional mechanistic insights into how interact with one another, DNA, molecular outcomes required successful meiosis. Here, we review recent developments focus on protein structures protein-protein interactions.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
PRDM9 drives the location and rapid evolution of recombination hotspots in salmonids DOI Creative Commons
Marie Raynaud, Paola Sanna, Julien Joseph

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 7, 2024

Abstract In many eukaryotes, meiotic recombination occurs preferentially at discrete sites, called hotspots. various lineages, hotspots are located in regions with promoter-like features and evolutionarily stable. Conversely, some mammals, driven by PRDM9 that targets away from promoters. Paradoxically, induces the self-destruction of its this triggers an ultra-fast evolution mammalian is ancestral to all animals, suggesting a critical importance for program, but has been lost lineages surprisingly little effect on meiosis success. However, it unclear whether function described mammals shared other species. To investigate this, we analyzed landscape several salmonids, genome which harbors one full-length truncated paralogs. We identified initiation sites Oncorhynchus mykiss mapping DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). found DSBs clustered positioned promoters, enriched H3K4me3 H3K4me36 marks location depended genotype Prdm9 . observed high level polymorphism zinc finger domain , not Moreover, population-scaled maps O. kisutch Salmo salar revealed rapid turnover caused target motif erosion. Our results imply conserved across vertebrates peculiar evolutionary runaway active hundred million years.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
HEI10 coarsening, chromatin and sequence polymorphism shape the plant meiotic recombination landscape DOI Creative Commons
Chris Morgan, Martin Howard, Ian R. Henderson

et al.

Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81, P. 102570 - 102570

Published: June 5, 2024

Meiosis is a conserved eukaryotic cell division that produces spores required for sexual reproduction. During meiosis, chromosomes pair and undergo programmed DNA double-strand breaks, followed by homologous repair can result in reciprocal crossovers. Crossover formation highly regulated with typically few events per homolog pair. Crossovers additionally show wider spacing than expected from uniformly random placement - defining the phenomenon of interference. In plants, HEI10 E3 ligase initially loaded along meiotic chromosomes, before maturing into small number foci, corresponding to crossover locations. We review coarsening model explains these dynamics as diffusion aggregation process, resulting approximately evenly spaced foci. how underlying chromatin states, presence interhomolog polymorphisms, shape recombination landscape, light model. Finally, we consider future directions understand control plant genomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

5