Bioengineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(5), P. 480 - 480
Published: May 11, 2024
A
phylogenetic
tree
can
reflect
the
evolutionary
relationships
between
species
or
gene
families,
and
they
play
a
critical
role
in
modern
biological
research.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
common
methods
for
constructing
trees,
including
distance
methods,
maximum
parsimony,
likelihood,
Bayesian
inference,
tree-integration
(supermatrix
supertree).
Here
discuss
advantages,
shortcomings,
applications
of
each
method
offer
relevant
codes
to
construct
trees
from
molecular
data
using
packages
algorithms
R.
This
review
aims
provide
comprehensive
guidance
reference
researchers
seeking
while
also
promoting
further
development
innovation
field.
By
offering
clear
concise
overview
different
available,
hope
enable
select
most
appropriate
approach
their
specific
research
questions
datasets.
Nature Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
7(5), P. 607 - 619
Published: May 4, 2022
Fungal
pathogens
cause
more
than
a
billion
human
infections
every
year,
resulting
in
1.6
million
deaths
annually.
Understanding
the
natural
history
and
evolutionary
ecology
of
fungi
is
helping
us
understand
how
disease-relevant
traits
have
repeatedly
evolved.
Different
types
mechanisms
genetic
variation
contributed
to
evolution
fungal
pathogenicity
specific
differences
distinguish
from
non-pathogens.
Insights
into
traits,
elements,
ecological
that
contribute
are
crucial
for
developing
strategies
both
predict
emergence
develop
drugs
combat
them.
New Phytologist,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
234(5), P. 1566 - 1582
Published: March 18, 2022
Lichens
are
the
symbiotic
outcomes
of
open,
interspecies
relationships,
central
to
which
a
fungus
and
phototroph,
typically
an
alga
and/or
cyanobacterium.
The
evolutionary
processes
that
led
global
success
lichens
poorly
understood.
In
this
review,
we
explore
goods
services
exchange
between
phototroph
how
propelled
both
symbiont
symbiosis.
Lichen
fungal
symbionts
count
among
only
filamentous
fungi
expose
most
their
mycelium
aerial
environment.
Phototrophs
export
carbohydrates
fungus,
converts
them
specific
polyols.
Experimental
evidence
suggests
polyols
not
growth
respiratory
substrates
but
also
play
role
in
anhydrobiosis,
capacity
survive
desiccation.
We
propose
dual
functionality
is
pivotal
evolution
symbionts,
enabling
persistence
environments
otherwise
hostile
while
simultaneously
imposing
costs
on
growth.
Phototrophs,
turn,
benefit
from
protection
herbivory
light
stress,
appearing
exert
leverage
over
sex
morphogenesis.
Combined
with
recently
recognized
habit
occur
multiple
symbioses,
creates
conditions
for
multiplayer
marketplace
rewards
penalties
could
drive
selection
lichen
diversification.
Annual Review of Environment and Resources,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
48(1), P. 149 - 176
Published: Sept. 18, 2023
Fungi
comprise
approximately
20%
of
all
eukaryotic
species
and
are
connected
to
virtually
life
forms
on
Earth.
Yet,
their
diversity
remains
contentious,
distribution
elusive,
conservation
neglected.
We
aim
flip
this
situation
by
synthesizing
current
knowledge.
present
a
revised
estimate
2–3
million
fungal
with
“best
estimate”
at
2.5
million.
To
name
the
unknown
>90%
these
end
century,
we
propose
recognition
known
only
from
DNA
data
call
for
large-scale
sampling
campaigns.
an
updated
global
map
richness,
highlighting
tropical
temperate
ecoregions
high
diversity.
further
Red
List
assessments
enhanced
management
guidelines
aid
conservation.
Given
that
fungi
play
inseparable
role
in
our
lives
ecosystems,
considering
fascinating
questions
remaining
be
answered,
argue
constitute
next
frontier
biodiversity
research.
Journal of Fungi,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(3), P. 320 - 320
Published: March 5, 2023
Phlebia
s.l.
(Polyporales,
Basidiomycota)
accommodates
numerous
species
of
wood-inhabiting
fungi
within
the
phylum
Basidiomycota.
The
present
study
employs
morphological
and
phylogenetic
approaches
to
revise
generic
classification
surveys
diversity.
analyses
were
performed
using
multiple
gene
regions
viz.
internal
transcribed
spacer
(ITS),
large
subunit
nuclear
ribosomal
RNA
(nLSU),
translation
elongation
factor
1-α
(tef1),
small
mitochondrial
rRNA
(mtSSU),
glyceraldehyde
3-phosphate
dehydrogenase
(GAPDH),
polymerase
II
largest
(rpb1),
second
(rpb2).
We
overall
recognize
twenty
genera
s.l.,
including
three
new
Ceriporiopsoides,
Phlebicolorata,
Pseudophlebia,
seven
Crustodontia
rhododendri,
Hydnophlebia
fissurata,
Luteoporia
straminea,
Merulius
sinensis,
Mycoaciella
brunneospina,
niveomarginata,
P.
poroides
seventeen
combinations
Ceriporiopsoides
guidella,
C.
lagerheimii,
acanthocystis,
H.
capsica,
fimbriata,
fuscotuberculatus,
M.
nantahaliensis,
tomentopileatus,
Mycoacia
tuberculata,
uda,
Phlebicolorata
alboaurantia,
Ph.
brevispora,
pseudoplacenta,
rosea,
Pseudophlebia
lindtneri,
Ps.
semisupina,
setulosa.
Descriptions,
illustrations,
trees
show
placements,
notes
taxa
are
provided.
