Lifestyle, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Back and Forth in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Diseases

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: July 2, 2020

Oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative and cancer. Long term exposure to increased levels pro-oxidant factors can cause structural defects at a mitochondrial DNA level, well functional alteration several enzymes cellular structures leading aberrations gene expression. The modern lifestyle associated with processed food, wide range chemicals lack exercise important oxidative induction. However, use medicinal plants antioxidant properties has been exploited for their ability treat or prevent human pathologies which seems be one causes. In this review we discuss is triggers plant-derived compounds mechanisms defenses that help prevention these diseases. Finally, both beneficial detrimental effects molecules are used reduce conditions discussed.

Language: Английский

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Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress: A Mutual Interplay in Age-Related Diseases

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Oct. 16, 2018

Aging is the progressive loss of organ and tissue function over time. Growing older positively linked to cognitive biological degeneration such as physical frailty, psychological impairment, decline. Oxidative stress considered an imbalance between pro- antioxidant species, which results in molecular cellular damage. plays a crucial role development age-related diseases. Emerging research evidence has suggested that can control autoxidation by interrupting propagation free radicals or inhibiting formation subsequently reduce oxidative stress, improve immune function, increase healthy longevity. Indeed, oxidation damage highly dependent on inherited acquired defects enzymes involved redox-mediated signaling pathways. Therefore, molecules with activity promote aging counteract worth discuss further. Of particular interest this article, we highlighted mechanisms antioxidants prevention Taken together, better understanding redox modulation inflammation would provide useful approach for potential interventions, promoting

Language: Английский

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<p>Reactive Oxygen Species: Drivers of Physiological and Pathological Processes</p>

Journal of Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: Volume 13, P. 1057 - 1073

Published: Dec. 1, 2020

Abstract: Since the Great Oxidation Event, about 2.4 billion years ago, Earth is immersed in an oxidizing atmosphere. Thus, it has been proposed that excess oxygen, originally a waste product of photosynthetic cyanobacteria, induced oxidative stress and production reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have since acted as fundamental drivers biologic evolution eukaryogenesis. Indeed, throughout organism's lifespan, ROS affect directly (as mutagens) or indirectly messengers regulators) all structural functional components cells, many aspects cell biology. Whether left unchecked by protective antioxidant systems, not only cause genomic mutations but also induce irreversible modification proteins (protein oxidation peroxidation), lipids glycans (advanced lipoxidation glycation end products), impairing their function promoting disease death. Conversely, low-level local play important role both redox-signaling molecules wide spectrum pathways involved maintenance cellular homeostasis (MAPK/ERK, PTK/PTP, PI3K-AKT-mTOR), regulating key transcription factors (NFκB/IκB, Nrf2/KEAP1, AP-1, p53, HIF-1). Consequently, can shape variety functions, including proliferation, differentiation, migration apoptosis. In this review, we will give brief overview relevance physiological pathological processes, particularly inflammation aging. In-depth knowledge molecular mechanisms actuation influence under steady-state stressful conditions pave way for development novel therapeutic interventions. This mitigate harmful outcomes onset progression chronic inflammatory age-related diseases. Keywords: species, stress,

Language: Английский

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Cellular senescence: the good, the bad and the unknown

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(10), P. 611 - 627

Published: Aug. 3, 2022

Language: Английский

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Redox regulation by NRF2 in aging and disease

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 134, P. 702 - 707

Published: Jan. 15, 2019

Language: Английский

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The effects of inflammation, aging and oxidative stress on the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes)

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 1165 - 1172

Published: Jan. 27, 2019

Language: Английский

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The Role of NADPH Oxidases and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 19(12), P. 3824 - 3824

Published: Nov. 30, 2018

For a number of years, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX) was synonymous with NOX2/gp91phox and considered to be peculiarity professional phagocytic cells. Over the last decade, several more homologs have been identified based on current research, NOX family consists NOX1, NOX2, NOX3, NOX4, NOX5, DUOX1 DUOX2 enzymes. NOXs are electron transporting membrane proteins that responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation—primarily superoxide anion (O2●−), although hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can also generated. Elevated ROS leads oxidative stress (OS), which has associated myriad inflammatory degenerative pathologies. Interestingly, OS is commonality in pathophysiology neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), Huntington’s (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) multiple (MS). enzymes expressed neurons, glial cells cerebrovascular endothelial NOX-mediated one main causes damage diseases. In this review, we will discuss recent developments our understanding mechanisms linking activity, diseases, particular focus neurovascular component these conditions. We conclude highlighting challenges future opportunities combat age-related disorders by targeting NOXs.

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Human Neurological Disorders

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(1)

Published: Jan. 5, 2022

The human body is full of an extensive number commensal microbes, consisting bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively termed the microbiome. initial acquisition microbiota occurs from both external maternal environments, vast majority them colonize gastrointestinal tract (GIT). These microbial communities play a central role in maturation development immune system, nervous GIT system are also responsible for essential metabolic pathways. Various factors, including host genetic predisposition, environmental lifestyle, diet, antibiotic or nonantibiotic drug use, etc., affect composition gut microbiota. Recent publications have highlighted that imbalance microflora, known as dysbiosis, associated with onset progression neurological disorders. Moreover, characterization microbiome-host cross talk pathways provides insight into novel therapeutic strategies. Novel preclinical clinical research on interventions related to microbiome treating conditions, autism spectrum disorders, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's epilepsy, stroke, hold significant promise. This review aims present comprehensive overview potential involvement pathogenesis particular emphasis microbe-based therapies and/or diagnostic biomarkers. discusses health benefits administration probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, synbiotics fecal transplantation

Language: Английский

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ROS: Crucial Intermediators in the Pathogenesis of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 2017(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2017

Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in degenerative intervertebral disc (IVD) indicates the contribution of oxidative stress to IVD degeneration (IDD), giving a novel insight into pathogenesis IDD. ROS are crucial intermediators signaling network cells. They regulate matrix metabolism, proinflammatory phenotype, apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence Oxidative not only reinforces degradation inflammation, but also promotes decrease number viable functional cells microenvironment IVDs. Moreover, modify proteins IVDs cause damage extracellular matrix, impairing mechanical function Consequently, progression IDD is accelerated. Therefore, therapeutic strategy targeting would provide perspective for treatment. Various antioxidants have been proposed as effective drugs Antioxidant supplementation suppresses production promote synthesis prevent from death vitro. However, there enough vivo evidence support efficiency antioxidant retard process Further investigations based on clinical studies will be required develop antioxidative therapies

Language: Английский

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Doxorubicin—An Agent with Multiple Mechanisms of Anticancer Activity

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 659 - 659

Published: Feb. 19, 2023

Doxorubicin (DOX) constitutes the major constituent of anti-cancer treatment regimens currently in clinical use. However, precise mechanisms DOX’s action are not fully understood. Emerging evidence points to pleiotropic anticancer activity DOX, including its contribution DNA damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis, senescence, autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis induction, as well immunomodulatory role. This review aims collect information on DOX influence anti-tumor immune response, providing a rationale behind importance modern cancer therapy.

Language: Английский

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