Vascular mechanotransduction

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 103(2), P. 1247 - 1421

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial (ECs), including their sensing mechanical stimuli transduction signals that result acute functional modulation longer-term transcriptomic epigenetic regulation blood vessels. The mechanosensors discussed include ion channels, plasma membrane-associated structures receptors, junction proteins. mechanosignaling pathways presented cytoskeleton, integrins, extracellular matrix, intracellular signaling molecules. These are followed by discussions on transcriptome epigenetics, relevance health disease, interactions between VSMCs ECs. Throughout this review, we offer suggestions for specific topics require further understanding. In closing section conclusions perspectives, summarize what is known point out need treat vasculature as a system, not only ECs but also matrix other types such resident macrophages pericytes, so can fully understand physiology pathophysiology vessel whole, thus enhancing comprehension, diagnosis, treatment, prevention diseases.

Language: Английский

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Endothelial shear stress signal transduction and atherogenesis: From mechanisms to therapeutics

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 235, P. 108152 - 108152

Published: Feb. 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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Endothelial Glycocalyx

Comprehensive physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 3781 - 3811

Published: Aug. 23, 2022

The glycocalyx is a polysaccharide structure that protrudes from the body of cell. It primarily conformed glycoproteins and proteoglycans, which provide communication, electrostatic charge, ionic buffering, permeability, mechanosensation-mechanotransduction capabilities to cells. In blood vessels, endothelial projects into vascular lumen separates wall circulating blood. Such physical location allows number its components, including sialic acid, glypican-1, heparan sulfate, hyaluronan, participate in flow-dependent shear stress, results synthesis nitric oxide flow-mediated vasodilation. also participates regulation permeability modulation inflammatory responses, processes leukocyte rolling extravasation. Its structural architecture negative charge work prevent macromolecules greater than approximately 70 kDa cationic molecules binding flowing out vasculature. This prevents extravasation pathogens such as bacteria virus, well tumor Due constant exposure enzymes neuraminidase, heparanase, hyaluronidase, matrix metalloproteinases, continuous process degradation renovation. A balance favoring associated with variety pathologies atherosclerosis, hypertension, aging, metastatic cancer, diabetic vasculopathies. Consequently, ongoing research efforts are focused on deciphering mechanisms promote or limit syntheses, therapeutic approaches improve integrity goal reducing disease. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12: 1-31, 2022.

Language: Английский

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Endothelial mechanobiology in atherosclerosis

Cardiovascular Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 119(8), P. 1656 - 1675

Published: May 10, 2023

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serious health challenge, causing more deaths worldwide than cancer. The vascular endothelium, which forms the inner lining of blood vessels, plays central role in maintaining integrity and homeostasis direct contact with flow. Research over past century has shown that mechanical perturbations wall contribute to formation progression atherosclerosis. While straight part artery exposed sustained laminar flow physiological high shear stress, near branch points or curved vessels can exhibit ‘disturbed’ Clinical studies as well carefully controlled vitro analyses have confirmed these regions disturbed flow, include low recirculation, oscillation, lateral are preferential sites atherosclerotic lesion formation. Because their critical homeostasis, endothelial cells (ECs) mechanosensory mechanisms allow them react rapidly changes forces, execute context-specific adaptive responses modulate EC functions. This review summarizes current understanding mechanobiology, guide identification new therapeutic targets slow reverse

Language: Английский

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Response of cells and tissues to shear stress

Journal of Cell Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 136(18)

Published: Sept. 15, 2023

ABSTRACT Shear stress is essential for normal physiology and malignancy. Common physiological processes – such as blood flow, particle flow in the gut, or contact between migratory cell clusters their substrate produce shear that can have an impact on behavior of different tissues. In addition, has roles biomedical interest, wound healing, cancer fibrosis induced by soft implants. Thus, understanding how cells react adapt to important. this Review, we discuss vivo vitro data obtained from vascular epithelial models; highlight insights these afforded regarding general mechanisms through which sense, transduce respond at cellular levels; outline changes experience response tissue organization. Finally, role collective migration, only starting be appreciated. We review our current effects context embryo development, fibrosis, invite scientific community further investigate scenarios.

Language: Английский

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Metabolism at the crossroads of inflammation and fibrosis in chronic kidney disease

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Phenotypic diversity and metabolic specialization of renal endothelial cells

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 441 - 464

Published: March 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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The role of endothelial shear stress on haemodynamics, inflammation, coagulation and glycocalyx during sepsis

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 24(21), P. 12258 - 12271

Published: Sept. 19, 2020

Abstract Sepsis is a multifactorial syndrome primarily determined by the host response to an invading pathogen. It common, with over 48 million cases worldwide in 2017, and often lethal. The sequence of events sepsis begins damage endothelium within microvasculature, as consequence inflammatory coagulopathic responses pathogen that can progress multiple organ failure death. Most therapeutic interventions target inflammation coagulation pathways act auto‐amplified vicious cycle, which, if unchecked be fatal. Normal blood flow shear stress acting on healthy intact glycocalyx have anti‐inflammatory, anticoagulant self‐repairing effects. During early stages sepsis, vascular its become dysfunctional, yet they are essential components resuscitation recovery from sepsis. effects forces sepsis‐induced endothelial dysfunction, including inflammation, coagulation, complement activation microcirculatory breakdown reviewed. suggested strategies should prioritize restoration function preservation endothelial‐glycocalyx barrier.

Language: Английский

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Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 41(5), P. 1625 - 1637

Published: March 25, 2021

Over the past couple of decades, accumulating evidence has shown that structural and functional abnormalities coronary microvasculature are highly prevalent, associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients various cardiovascular diseases. The term microvascular dysfunction (CMD) been coined to refer this condition is increasingly recognized as an important entity many settings. potential mechanisms CMD appear be heterogenous, including enhanced vasoconstrictive reactivity at level, impaired endothelium-dependent independent vasodilator capacities, increased resistance secondary factors. Recent experimental studies have highlighted emerging modulators vascular functions, vital insight into pathogenesis diseases CMD, therapeutic interventions major implications. In article, we will briefly review current progress on pathophysiology, molecular mechanisms, management from bench bedside.

Language: Английский

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Heparin prevents in vitro glycocalyx shedding induced by plasma from COVID-19 patients

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 276, P. 119376 - 119376

Published: March 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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