Structural Predictors of Lung Function Decline in Young Smokers with Normal Spirometry

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 209(10), P. 1208 - 1218

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to tobacco smoking commonly presents when extensive lung damage has occurred.

Language: Английский

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Heterogeneities and impact profiles of early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease status: findings from the China Pulmonary Health Study

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45, P. 101021 - 101021

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

BackgroundThe prevalence, epidemiological and clinical heterogeneities, impact profiles of individuals with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm), pre-COPD, young COPD, mild COPD in general Chinese population were not known yet.MethodsData obtained from the China Pulmonary Health study (2012–2015), a nationally representative cross-sectional survey that recruited 50,991 adults aged 20 years or older. Definitions four early disease status consistent latest publications Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria.FindingsThe age-standardised prevalences PRISm, 5.5% (95% confidence interval, 4.3–6.9), 7.2% (5.9–8.8), 1.1% (0.7–1.8), 3.1% (2.5–3.8), respectively. In summary, was under more direct established factor exposures, such as older age, male gender, lower education level, family income, biomass use, air pollution, accumulative cigarette exposures; pre-COPD experienced personal parents’ events earlier lives, history bronchitis pneumonia childhood, frequent chronic cough parental respiratory diseases, passive smoke exposure mother exposed to while pregnant; coexisted heavier symptoms comorbidities burdens; exhibited worse airway obstruction; most harbored small dysfunction. Overall, living urban area, occupational exposure, accumulated comorbid cardiovascular gastroesophageal reflux all associated increased presence status; different additionally observed distinct entities. Over categories, less than 10% had ever taken pulmonary function test; 1% reported previously diagnosed COPD; no 13% received pharmaceutical treatment.InterpretationSignificant heterogeneities features, noted varied defining criteria unified validated definition an stage is warranted. Closer attention, better management, further research need be administrated these population.FundingChinese Academy Medical Sciences Institute Respiratory Medicine Grant Young Scholars (No. 2023-ZF-9); International Foundation Z-2017-24-2301); Innovation Fund 2021-I2M-1-049); National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding 2022-NHLHCRF-LX-01); Major Program Natural Science 82090011).

Language: Английский

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Cardiovascular disease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a narrative review

Thorax, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 77(9), P. 939 - 945

Published: June 30, 2022

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at increased risk of cardiovascular (CVD) and concomitant leads to reduced quality life, hospitalisations worse survival. Acute exacerbations an important contributor COPD burden associated (CV) events. Both CVD represent a significant global impact understanding the relationship between two could potentially reduce this burden. The association be consequence (1) shared factors (environmental and/or genetic) (2) pathophysiological pathways (3) coassociation from high prevalence both diseases (4) adverse effects (including exacerbations) contributing (5) medications worsening vice versa. CV in has traditionally been increasing severity, but there other relevant subtype associations including radiological subtypes, those frequent novel clusters. While is populations, it may underdiagnosed, improved prediction, diagnosis treatment optimisation lead outcomes. This state-of-the-art review will explore incidence/prevalence, associations, pathophysiology genetics, COPD.

Language: Английский

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Inference of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with deep learning on raw spirograms identifies new genetic loci and improves risk models

Nature Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 55(5), P. 787 - 795

Published: April 17, 2023

Language: Английский

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Can We Use Lung Function Thresholds and Respiratory Symptoms to Identify Pre-COPD? A Prospective, Population-based Cohort Study

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 209(12), P. 1431 - 1440

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

The term "pre-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" ("pre-COPD") refers to individuals at high risk of developing COPD who do not meet conventional spirometric criteria for airflow obstruction. New approaches identifying these are needed, particularly in younger populations.

Language: Английский

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Cardiovascular disease and risk in COPD: a state of the art review

Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(4-5), P. 177 - 191

Published: March 26, 2024

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) commonly co-exist. Outcomes of people living with both conditions are poor in terms symptom burden, receiving evidence-based treatment mortality. Increased understanding the underlying mechanisms may help to identify treatments relieve this disease burden. This narrative review covers overlap COPD CVD a focus on clinical presentation, mechanisms, interventions. Literature up December 2023 cited.

Language: Английский

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Effect of high-dose N-acetylcysteine on exacerbations and lung function in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD: a double-blind, parallel group, multicentre randomised clinical trial

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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From treatable traits to GETomics in airway disease: moving towards clinical practice

European Respiratory Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(171), P. 230143 - 230143

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

The treatable traits approach represents a strategy for patient management. It is based on the identification of characteristics susceptible to treatments or predictive treatment response in each individual patient. With objective accelerating progress research and clinical practice relating such approach, Portraits event was convened Barcelona, Spain, November 2022. Here, while reporting key concepts that emerged from discussions during meeting, we review current state art related chronic respiratory diseases management, describe possible actions clinicians can take implement framework. Furthermore, explore new concept GETomics models field COPD.

Language: Английский

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The prevalence and mortality risks of PRISm and COPD in the United States from NHANES 2007–2012

Respiratory Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: May 15, 2024

We estimated the prevalence and mortality risks of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in US adult population. linked three waves pre-bronchodilator data from National Health Nutritional Examination Survey (2007-2012) with Death Index. The analytic sample included adults ages 20 to 79 without missing on age, sex, height, BMI, race/ethnicity, smoking status. defined COPD (GOLD 1, 2, 3-4) PRISm using FEV1/FVC cut points by Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). compared GOLD stages covariates across waves. adjusted all-cause cause-specific stage all combined. Prevalence 2007-2012 ranged 13.1%-14.3% 9.6%-10.2%, respectively. found significant differences status, race/ethnicity. Males had higher rates regardless stage, while females PRISm. increased but not PRISm, which was highest among middle-aged individuals. Compared current never smokers, former smokers showed lower 1. non-Hispanic White individuals, notably Black individuals (range 31.4%-37.4%). associations between (hazard [HR]: 2.3 95% CI: 1.9-2.9) various deaths (HR ranges: 2.0-5.3). also 2 (HR: 2.1, 1.7-2.6) or 4.2, 2.7-6.5) mortality. Cause-specific risk varied within typically stage. remained stable 2007-2012. Greater attention should be paid potential impacts due its minority groups causes including cancer.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and characteristics of adults with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm): Data from the BOLD Australia study

Chronic Respiratory Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Background: Individuals with Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm), defined as FEV 1 /FVC ≥0.7 and FEV1 <80% predicted, are at higher risk of developing COPD. However, data for Australian adults limited. We aimed to describe prevalence PRISm its relationship clinical characteristics in Australia. Method: Data from the Burden Lung Disease (BOLD) Australia study randomly selected aged ≥40 years six sites was classified into airflow limitation, PRISm, or normal spirometry groups. Demographic, characteristics, lung function were compared between Results: Of sample ( n = 3518), 387 (11%) had 549 (15.6%) 2582 (73.4%) spirometry. more common Indigenous adults. Adults frequent respiratory symptoms, comorbidities, greater health burden poorer quality life than those Pre- post-bronchodilator FVC lower limitation. less likely use medicine limitation (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.38–0.81). Conclusions: present 11% this they similar symptoms

Language: Английский

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