International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(13), P. 7077 - 7077
Published: June 25, 2022
Major
depressive
disorder
and
anxiety
disorders
are
common
disabling
conditions
that
affect
millions
of
people
worldwide.
Despite
being
different
disorders,
symptoms
depression
frequently
overlap
in
individuals,
making
them
difficult
to
diagnose
treat
adequately.
Therefore,
compounds
capable
exerting
beneficial
effects
against
both
special
interest.
Noteworthily,
vitamin
D
deficiency
has
been
associated
with
an
increased
risk
developing
anxiety,
individuals
these
psychiatric
have
low
serum
levels
this
vitamin.
Indeed,
the
last
few
years,
gained
attention
for
its
many
functions
go
beyond
on
calcium-phosphorus
metabolism.
Particularly,
antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory,
pro-neurogenic,
neuromodulatory
properties
seem
contribute
antidepressant
anxiolytic
effects.
review,
we
highlight
main
mechanisms
may
underlie
potential
D.
In
addition,
discuss
preclinical
clinical
studies
support
therapeutic
management
disorders.
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: July 25, 2023
The
gastrointestinal
tract
hosts
the
largest
ecosystem
of
microorganisms
in
body.
metabolism
ingested
nutrients
by
gut
bacteria
produces
novel
chemical
mediators
that
can
influence
chemosensory
cells
lining
tract.
Specifically,
hormone-releasing
enteroendocrine
which
express
a
host
receptors
activated
these
bacterial
metabolites.
This
review
will
focus
on
activation
mechanisms
glucagon-like
peptide-1
releasing
three
main
metabolites
produced
gut:
short-chain
fatty
acids,
secondary
bile
acids
and
indoles.
Given
importance
regulating
glucose
homeostasis
food
intake,
we
also
discuss
therapies
based
used
treatment
metabolic
diseases
such
as
diabetes
obesity.
Elucidating
cellular
function
advance
our
understanding
this
fundamental
symbiotic
relationship
unlock
potential
harnessing
pathways
to
improve
human
health.
World Journal of Gastroenterology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
29(1), P. 19 - 42
Published: Jan. 3, 2023
The
gut
microbiota
is
currently
considered
an
external
organ
of
the
human
body
that
provides
important
mechanisms
metabolic
regulation
and
protection.
encodes
over
3
million
genes,
which
approximately
150
times
more
than
total
number
genes
present
in
genome.
Changes
qualitative
quantitative
composition
microbiome
lead
to
disruption
synthesis
key
bacterial
metabolites,
changes
intestinal
barrier
function,
inflammation
can
cause
development
a
wide
variety
diseases,
such
as
diabetes,
obesity,
gastrointestinal
disorders,
cardiovascular
issues,
neurological
disorders
oncological
concerns.
In
this
review,
I
consider
issues
related
role
its
influence
on
physiological
pathological
processes
occurring
body,
potential
new
therapeutic
strategies
aimed
at
restoring
microbiome.
Herewith,
it
understand
should
be
single
biological
system,
where
change
one
element
will
inevitably
affect
other
components.
Thus,
study
impact
health
only
taking
into
account
numerous
factors,
has
not
yet
been
fully
elucidated.
Frontiers in Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: June 21, 2023
Tryptophan
(Trp)
is
an
essential
amino
acid
that
can
be
metabolized
via
endogenous
and
exogenous
pathways,
including
the
Kynurenine
Pathway,
5-Hydroxyindole
Pathway
(also
Serotonin
pathway),
Microbial
pathway.
Of
these,
Trp
metabolic
pathways
in
gut
have
recently
been
extensively
studied
for
their
production
of
bioactive
molecules.
The
microbiota
plays
important
role
host
metabolism
immunity,
microbial
metabolites
influence
development
progression
various
diseases,
inflammatory,
cardiovascular
neurological
cancer,
by
mediating
body’s
immunity.
This
review
briefly
outlines
crosstalk
between
microorganisms
body,
starting
from
three
Trp.
mechanisms
which
act
on
organism
immunity
are
summarized,
potential
implications
disease
prevention
treatment
highlighted.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: April 17, 2023
Depression
is
one
of
the
most
common
psychiatric
conditions,
characterized
by
significant
and
persistent
depressed
mood
diminished
interest,
often
coexists
with
various
comorbidities.
The
underlying
mechanism
depression
remain
elusive,
evidenced
lack
an
appreciate
therapy.
Recent
abundant
clinical
trials
animal
studies
support
new
notion
that
gut
microbiota
has
emerged
as
a
novel
actor
in
pathophysiology
depression,
which
partakes
bidirectional
communication
between
brain
through
neuroendocrine,
nervous,
immune
signaling
pathways,
collectively
known
microbiota-gut-brain
(MGB)
axis.
Alterations
can
trigger
changes
neurotransmitters,
neuroinflammation,
behaviors.
With
transition
human
microbiome
research
from
studying
associations
to
investigating
mechanistic
causality,
MGB
axis
therapeutic
target
its
These
insights
have
fueled
idea
targeting
on
may
open
windows
for
efficient
treatment
Probiotics,
live
beneficial
microorganisms,
be
used
modulate
dysbiosis
into
eubiosis
modify
occurrence
development
In
present
review,
we
summarize
recent
findings
regarding
discuss
potential
effects
probiotics
Microorganisms,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(7), P. 1825 - 1825
Published: July 17, 2023
The
gut
microbiome
provides
the
host
access
to
otherwise
indigestible
nutrients,
which
are
often
further
metabolized
by
into
bioactive
components.
can
also
shift
balance
of
host-produced
compounds,
may
alter
health.
One
precursor
metabolites
is
essential
aromatic
amino
acid
tryptophan.
Tryptophan
mostly
shunted
kynurenine
pathway
but
primary
metabolite
for
serotonin
production
and
bacterial
indole
pathway.
Balance
between
tryptophan-derived
crucial
neurological
homeostasis
metabolic
imbalance
trigger
or
exacerbate
diseases.
Alzheimer's,
depression,
schizophrenia
have
been
linked
diverging
levels
anthranilic,
kynurenic,
quinolinic
acid.
Anthranilic
from
collective
metabolism
plays
a
complex
important
role
in
systemic
Although
anthranilic
its
products
great
importance
host-microbe
interaction
health,
literature
examining
mechanistic
relationships
microbial
production,
regulation,
diseases
scarce
at
times
conflicting.
This
narrative
review
an
overview
current
understanding
acid's
health
disease,
with
particular
focus
on
contribution
microbiome,
gut-brain
axis,
involvement
three
major
tryptophan
pathways.
Clinical Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
42(7), P. 1202 - 1212
Published: May 4, 2023
Western
dietary
habits
(WD)
have
been
shown
to
promote
chronic
inflammation,
which
favors
the
development
of
many
today's
non-communicable
diseases.
Recently,
ketogenic
diets
(KD)
emerged
as
an
immune-regulating
countermeasure
for
WD-induced
metaflammation.
To
date,
beneficial
effects
KD
solely
attributed
production
and
metabolism
ketone
bodies.
Given
drastic
change
in
nutrient
composition
during
KD,
it
is
reasonable
assume
that
there
are
widespread
changes
human
metabolome
also
contributing
impact
on
immunity.
The
current
study
was
conducted
gain
insight
into
metabolic
fingerprint
associated
with
KD.
This
could
allow
identify
metabolites
may
contribute
overall
positive
immunity,
but
help
recognize
potential
health
risks
KD.We
a
prospective
nutritional
intervention
enrolling
40
healthy
volunteers
perform
three-week
ad-libitum
Prior
start
at
end
serum
were
quantified,
untargeted
mass
spectrometric
analyses
urine
tryptophan
pathway
performed.KD
led
marked
reduction
insulin
(-21.45%
±
6.44%,
p
=
0.0038)
c-peptide
levels
(-19.29%
5.45%,
0.0002)
without
compromising
fasting
blood
glucose.
Serum
triglyceride
concentration
decreased
accordingly
(-13.67%
5.77%,
0.0247),
whereas
cholesterol
parameters
remained
unchanged.
LC-MS/MS-based
metabolomic
revealed
profound
shift
towards
mitochondrial
fatty
acid
oxidation,
comprising
highly
elevated
free
acids
acylcarnitines.
amino
(AA)
rearranged
lower
abundance
glucogenic
AA
increase
BCAA.
Furthermore,
anti-inflammatory
eicosatetraenoic
(p
<
0.0001)
docosahexaenoic
detected.
Urine
confirmed
higher
utilization
carnitines,
indicated
by
carnitine
excretion
(-62.61%
18.11%,
0.0047)
depicting
reduced
quinolinic
(-13.46%
6.12%,
0.0478)
kynurenic
concentrations
(+10.70%
4.25%,
0.0269).A
fundamentally
even
after
short
period
only
three
weeks.
Besides
rapid
switch
body
utilization,
improved
mediate
anti-inflammation
protection
occurred.
Importantly,
no
risk
factors
identified.
Thus,
diet
be
considered
safe
preventive
therapeutic
immunometabolic
tool
modern
medicine.German
Clinical
Trials
Register;
DRKS-ID:
DRKS00027992
(www.drks.de).
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Sept. 17, 2024
Background
Colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
poses
a
global
health
threat,
with
the
oral
microbiome
increasingly
implicated
in
its
pathogenesis.
This
study
leverages
Mendelian
Randomization
(MR)
to
explore
causal
links
between
microbiota
and
CRC
using
data
from
China
National
GeneBank
Biobank
Japan.
By
integrating
multi-omics
approaches,
we
aim
uncover
mechanisms
by
which
influences
cellular
metabolism
development.
Methods
We
analyzed
profiles
2017
tongue
1915
saliva
samples,
GWAS
for
6692
cases
27178
controls.
Significant
bacterial
taxa
were
identified
via
MR
analysis.
Single-cell
RNA
sequencing
enrichment
analyses
elucidated
underlying
pathways,
drug
predictions
potential
therapeutics.
Results
19
significantly
associated
CRC.
Protective
effects
observed
like
RUG343
Streptococcus_umgs_2425,
while
HOT-345_umgs_976
W5053_sp000467935_mgs_712
increased
risk.
revealed
key
including
JAK-STAT
signaling
tyrosine
metabolism.
Drug
prediction
highlighted
therapeutics
Menadione
Sodium
Bisulfite
Raloxifene.
Conclusion
establishes
critical
role
of
colorectal
development,
identifying
specific
microbial
linked
further
elucidate
pathways
therapeutics,
providing
novel
insights
personalized
treatment
strategies
