A 2022 update on the epidemiology of obesity and a call to action: as its twin COVID-19 pandemic appears to be receding, the obesity and dysmetabolism pandemic continues to rage on

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 133, P. 155217 - 155217

Published: May 15, 2022

The WHO just released in May 2022 a report on the state of obesity pandemic Europe, stating that 60% citizens area Europe are either overweight or obese, and highlighting implications pandemic, especially as it interacts with COVID to create twin increase morbidity mortality. Obesity is complex disease which has reached dimensions. worldwide prevalence nearly tripled since 1975, mainly due adoption progressively more sedentary lifestyle consumption less healthy diets. We first herein updated rates by sex, age, region per report, then between 1980 2019, we analyze present data provided Global Burden Disease Study. higher women than men any age both increases their highest point ages 50 65 years showing slight downward trend afterwards. age-standardized increased from 4.6% 14.0% 2019. American European have USA Russia countries most obese residents. Given dire terms comorbidities mortality, these epidemiological findings call for coordinated actions local regional governments, scientific community individual patients alike, well food industry be controlled alleviated. can hopefully learn COVID-19 where collaborative efforts worldwide, focused intense work at global level well-coordinated leadership demonstrated humankind capable amazing accomplishments leveraging science public health, finally make strides understanding combating its including diabetes, NAFLD, CVD associated malignancies.

Language: Английский

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Contemporary medical, device, and surgical therapies for obesity in adults

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 401(10382), P. 1116 - 1130

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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Pharmacotherapy of obesity: an update on the available medications and drugs under investigation

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 58, P. 101882 - 101882

Published: March 21, 2023

Obesity is an epidemic and a public health threat. Medical weight management remains one of the options for treatment excess recent advances have revolutionized how we treat, more importantly will be treating obesity in near future. Metreleptin Setmelanotide are currently indicated rare syndromes, 5 other medications (orlistat, phentermine/topiramate, naltrexone/bupropion, liraglutide, semaglutide) approved non-syndromic obesity. Tirzepatide about to approved, drugs, with exciting novel mechanisms action primarily based on incretins, being investigated different phases clinical trials. The majority these compounds act centrally, reduce appetite increase satiety, secondarily, gastrointestinal tract slow gastric emptying. All anti-obesity improve metabolic parameters, variable potency effects depending specific drug. available data do not support reduction hard cardiovascular outcomes, but it almost certain that such forthcoming very choice medication needs take into consideration patient's biochemical profile, co-morbidities, drug contra-indications, as well expected degree loss improvements cardio-renal risk. It also seen whether precision medicine may offer personalized solutions individuals obesity, represent future medical along development novel, potent, pipeline.FundingNone.

Language: Английский

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New insights into the treatment of obesity

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 2058 - 2072

Published: April 14, 2023

Obesity is a chronic, progressive and relapsing disease with rising global prevalence associated increased morbidity mortality reduced quality of life. Treatment obesity requires comprehensive medical approach that includes behavioural interventions, pharmacotherapy bariatric surgery. The degree weight loss all approaches highly heterogeneous, long-term maintenance remains challenging. For years, antiobesity medications have been limited in number, often delivering meagre efficacy raising numerous safety concerns. Therefore, there need for the development efficacious safe new agents. Recent insights into complex pathophysiology our understanding intervenable targets pharmacotherapies to treat improve weight-related cardiometabolic complications, namely, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidaemia hypertension. As result, novel potent therapies emerged, such as semaglutide, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) recently approved treatment obesity. Semaglutide 2.4 mg once weekly significantly reduces body by approximately 15%, simultaneous improvement risk factors physical functioning people Tirzepatide, first dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1RA, has demonstrated reduction exceeding 20% coupled improved measures feasible. Thus, these agents promise narrow gap between weight-loss effects behaviour previous pharmacotherapies, In this narrative review, we highlight established emerging therapeutic treatments management position them framework according their effects.

Language: Английский

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The promise of new anti-obesity therapies arising from knowledge of genetic obesity traits

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(10), P. 623 - 637

Published: July 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Obesity and diabetes

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 202, P. 110773 - 110773

Published: June 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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FTO inhibition mitigates high-fat diet-induced metabolic disturbances and cognitive decline in SAMP8 mice

Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(1)

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Abstract This study investigated the effects of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) inhibition on cognitive function metabolic parameters senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). SAMP8 an HFD exhibited increased body weight, impaired glucose tolerance, elevated serum leptin levels. In epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), pharmacological treatment with FB23, well-established FTO inhibitor, production modulated genes involved in lipid metabolism (Cpt1a, Atgl , Hsl Fas) oxidative stress (OS) ( Bip Edem ), inflammation (Mcp1, Tnfα) . Expression hepatic related to Mgl, Dgat2, Srebp Plin2) OS (catalase, Edem) were by although steatosis remained unchanged. Remarkably, FB23 m6A RNA methylation brain, accompanied changes N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-regulatory enzymes modulation neuroinflammatory markers (Il6, Mcp1, iNOS) reduced activity matrix metalloproteases (Mmp2, Mmp9) altered IGF1 signaling (Igf1, Pten) Notably, enhanced was observed through expression immediate early (Arc, Fos) transcription factor Stat3 Improved synaptic plasticity evident, as shown levels neurotrophic factors (Bdnf Ngf) restored neurite length spine density. Consistent these findings, behavioral tests demonstrated that effectively rescued impairments mice. The novel object recognition test (NORT) location (OLT) revealed treated short- long-term memory spatial compared control group. Additionally, open field showed reduction anxiety-like behavior after FB23. conclusion, ameliorated HFD-induced disturbances decline These results suggest targeting may be promising therapeutic approach counteract obesity-induced impairment age-related neurodegeneration.

Language: Английский

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American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Consensus Statement: Addressing Stigma and Bias in the Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Obesity/Adiposity-Based Chronic Disease and Assessing Bias and Stigmatization as Determinants of Disease Severity

Endocrine Practice, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(6), P. 417 - 427

Published: May 4, 2023

To focus on the intersection of perception, diagnosis, stigma, and weight bias in management obesity obtain consensus actionable steps to improve care provided for persons with obesity.The American Association Clinical Endocrinology (AACE) convened a conference interdisciplinary health professionals discuss interplay between diagnosis using adiposity-based chronic disease (ABCD) nomenclature staging, internalized (IWB) development guidance aid clinicians mitigating IWB stigma that context.The following affirmed emergent concepts were proposed: (1) is ABCD, these terms can be used differing ways communicate; (2) classification categories should have improved across spectrum body mass index (BMI) ethnic-specific BMI ranges waist circumference (WC); (3) staging clinical severity based presence ABCD complications may reduce weight-centric contribution IWB; (4) are both drivers impair quality life, predispose psychological disorders, compromise effectiveness therapeutic interventions; (5) stigmatization assessed all patients incorporated into severity; (6) optimal will necessitate increased awareness educational interventional tools address stigma.The panel has proposed an approach integrating stigmatization, health, social determinants system as patient management. effectively within model obesity, there need systems prepared provide evidence-based, person-centered treatments; who understand empowered seek participate behavioral therapy; societies promote policies infrastructure bias-free compassionate care, access evidence-based interventions, prevention.

Language: Английский

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Obesity and multiple myeloma: Emerging mechanisms and perspectives

Seminars in Cancer Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 92, P. 45 - 60

Published: April 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota and therapy for obesity and type 2 diabetes

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 26, 2024

There has been a major increase in Type 2 diabetes and obesity many countries, this will lead to global public health crisis, which not only impacts on the quality of life individuals well but also places substantial burden healthcare systems economies. Obesity is linked type cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, certain cancers, resulting increased medical costs diminished life. A number studies have changes gut development. Dysbiosis, deleterious change microbiota composition, leads altered intestinal permeability, associated with diabetes. Many factors affect homeostasis microbiota, including diet, genetics, circadian rhythms, medication, probiotics, antibiotics. In addition, bariatric surgery induces that contributes metabolic benefits observed post-surgery. Current management strategies encompass dietary interventions, exercise, pharmacotherapy, surgery, emerging treatments microbiota-altering approaches showing promising efficacy. While pharmacotherapy demonstrated significant advancements recent years, remains one most effective for sustainable weight loss. However, access generally limited those living severe obesity. This underscores need non-surgical particularly adolescents mildly obese patients. comprehensive review, we assess longitudinal alterations composition functionality from two currently anti-obesity treatments: surgery. Additionally, highlight functions focusing specific bacteria, their metabolites, modulating prevent treat review aims provide insights into evolving landscape potential microbiota-based addressing pressing challenge.

Language: Английский

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