COVID-19 and Vitamin D Supplementation DOI Open Access
Thomas H. Trojian

Current Sports Medicine Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(7), P. 222 - 223

Published: July 1, 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) has affected many people. Vaccination and masks have significantly reduced the morbidity mortality of disease. Vitamin D (VitD) its effects on infections from viruses been interest. Many athletes low serum levels VitD (1). plays a vital role in an athlete's health, training, performance (2). The includes athletic bone besides immune health (3). antimicrobial protein, cathelicidin LL-37, is increased with correction over 6 to 8 wk. Cathelicidin exerts antiviral activity against viruses, disrupting viral envelope (4). received notoriety as potentially protective COVID-19 infection since it may be associated immunocompetence, inflammation, aging, other diseases connected outcomes COVID-19. In Nurses' Health Study II, performed May 2020 2021, they shoulder evidence that higher predicted circulating VitD, form 25 hydroxy concentration, had lower risk (5). review author showed people more severe symptoms than those 50 ng·mL−1 (6). People are not healthiest patients, so get sicker Researchers pointed out does work without binding receptor (VDR) protein (DBP). activated system cells express intracellular VDR, which suggests potential for localized endogenous modulator function. addition, VDR genetic variations affect responsiveness levels. DBP, 458-amino acid primary carrier. It considerable polymorphism three common alleles (7). noted DBP-2 can make certain patients prone course (8). Another researcher negative connection between another version DBP1 allele, prevalence (9). More research DBP needed determine their processes. studies where given prior getting COVID-19, shows severity infection. A study looked at prescribed medical reasons 15 30 d hospitalization. Compared researchers found improved survival both forms (calcifediol cholecalciferol) (10). physicians them take 50,000 IU·wk−1 twice, followed by 5000 IU·d−1 versus 2000 IU·d−1. IU about 25% infection, all were asymptomatic, whereas twofold rate was symptomatic mild clinical features half cases (11). Studies shown response vaccines, like influenza. Similar benefit might possible vaccine. For example, vaccine antibody elevated (≥50) (12). Boosting before help increase Timing supplementation seems important giving hospital admission little no effect outcome patients. One systematic (SR) discrepancies timing testing (VitD phase reactant), definitions deficiency/insufficiency partly explained heterogeneity. Their findings less robust reduction (13). Other reviews deficiency serve early identifier high developing inflammatory conditions thrombotic complications" (14,15). Theoretically, should diminish long-term sequelae (long COVID-19). Irish post-COVID-19 clinic did find correlation long fatigue, but, notably, one six level 35 or (16), country's general population four (17). Therefore, almost below ng·mL−1, appears target best (18,19). supplements effective mentioned here. Curcumin positive relieving COVID-19-related responses. An SR suggested curcumin improve (20). Zinc reduce upper illness symptoms. five studies, significant (21). Magnesium (Mg) used treat asthma. inflammation alone VitD. Adequate Mg rates (22). interaction whole-body harder measure. essential athletes, normal denote total body deficits (23). C often touted preventing infections, doses greater 1000 mg·d−1 measures. vitamin there dramatically participating athletics. need vaccinated use when local high. athletics, consider maintain above could multiple beneficial effects. overdose but very probability. We lot learn Mg.

Language: Английский

Low vitamin D levels predict outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with both severe and non-severe disease at hospitalization DOI Open Access
Luigi di Filippo,

Melin Uygur,

Massimo Locatelli

et al.

Endocrine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 80(3), P. 669 - 683

Published: March 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

35
Vitamin D: immune function, inflammation, infections and auto-immunity DOI
Casey R. Johnson, Tom D. Thacher

Paediatrics and International Child Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(4), P. 29 - 39

Published: March 1, 2023

Vitamin D plays an active role beyond mineral metabolism and skeletal health, including regulation of the immune system. deficiency is widely prevalent, observational studies link low vitamin status to a risk infections auto-immune disorders. Reports indicate inverse relationship between such conditions. This review details signalling interactions with system provides experimental clinical evidence evaluating status, supplementation host susceptibility infections, inflammation auto-immunity. The published literature related reviews, systematic meta-analyses, randomised controlled trials (RCTs), basic science reports have been synthesised. Meta-analyses demonstrated acute respiratory COVID-19 disorders, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes (T1DM), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), systemic lupus erythematosus other Observational suggest that may protect against several infectious RCTs had mixed results, demonstrating small protective for especially in those children, providing modest benefits management T1DM IBD. inversely associated incidence Supplementation recommended or at high deficiency, it might provide additional benefit certain

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Vitamin D, acute respiratory infections, and Covid-19: The curse of small-size randomised trials. A critical review with meta-analysis of randomised trials DOI Creative Commons
Philippe Autier,

Giulia Doi,

Patrick Mullie

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0303316 - e0303316

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Background Randomised trials conducted from 2006 to 2021 indicated that vitamin D supplementation (VDS) was able prevent severe COVID-19 and acute respiratory infections (ARI). However, larger randomised published in 2022 did not confirm the health benefits of VDS patients. Objective To examine through a systematic review with meta-analysis characteristics on patients admission intensive care unit (ICU), for prevention ARI. Method A search retrieved ICU. Data ARI were extracted Jolliffe et al. 2021. Groups formed including total numbers below or above median size all trials. The associations between vs no VDS, ICU evaluated using random-effects models which summary odds ratios (SOR) 95% confidence intervals (CI) obtained. Meta-analyses done each group trials, allowed testing possible effect modification trial size. Publication bias assessed Louis-Furuya-Kanaruori (LFK) index (no if -1 +1) trim fill method. Results Nine preventing identified, 50 548 ratio 0.61 (95% CI: 0.39–0.95) 0.34 (0.13–0.93) <106 0.88 (0.62–1.24) 106 (interaction p = 0.04). LFK -3.79, after fill, SOR 0.80 (0.40–1.61). 37 included 25 16,000 0.92 (0.86–0.99) 0.69 (0.57–0.83) <248 0.98 (0.94–1.03) 248 0.0001). -3.11, 0.96 (0.88–1.05). Conclusion Strong publication affected small Systematic reviews should beware small-size generally exaggerate benefits.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Vitamin D3 and COVID-19 Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses DOI Creative Commons
Fausto Petrelli, Simone Oldani,

Karen Borgonovo

et al.

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 247 - 247

Published: Jan. 22, 2023

Background: The immune system (innate and adaptive) is influenced by vitamin D3, which affects gene expression inflammatory pathways. An umbrella review was conducted to evaluate the power accuracy of data connecting D3 outcomes COVID-19 infection appraise proof provided published meta-analyses. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library were searched from database inception 31 May 2022. Meta-analyses prospective or retrospective observational studies randomized trials included. Evidence association graded according established criteria: strong, highly suggestive, weak, not significant. Results: From 74 publications, 27 meta-analyses described five associations between levels supplementation outcomes. Low significantly associated with severity (highly suggestive evidence; OR = 1.97 [95% CI, 1.55–2.51], p < 0.01; I2 77%, 0.01) mortality risk due disease (OR 1.83 1.55–2.16], 50%, 0.01). Vitamin supplementation, after a diagnosis infection, reduced (e.g., ICU admission) mortality. Conclusions: This available evidence suggests that insufficient may increase risk, severity, mortality, in addition showing among infected patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
The osteo-metabolic phenotype of COVID-19: an update DOI Open Access
Luigi di Filippo, Stefano Frara,

Mauro Doga

et al.

Endocrine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 78(2), P. 247 - 254

Published: July 20, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Therapeutic effects of vitamin D supplementation on COVID-19 aggravation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials DOI Creative Commons

Yiyuan Yang,

Wanli Sun, Fan Yang

et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 27, 2024

Background The therapeutic effects of vitamin D supplementation on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) aggravation remain controversial and inconclusive. To probe into this contentious issue, we performed the present meta-analysis randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods Literature published up to June 2023 was retrieved from Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web Science Embase. RCTs assessing mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation (MV), length hospitalization (LOH), inflammatory markers containing C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, interleukin-6 (IL-6), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were included. 19 involved in analysis conducted subgroup analyses baseline COVID-19 severity administration. Results In subgroup, statistically significant moderate severe group observed ICU admission (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23, 0.80; p = 0.008), MV 0.44, 0.27, 0.72; 0.001) LOH (SMD –0.49, –0.92, −0.06; 0.027). administration 0.39, 0.16, 0.97; 0.044), 0.18, 0.07, 0.46; 0.000) –0.50, –0.96, −0.04; 0.034) more pronounced patients supplied with multiple-dose than single-dose. Although result mortality showed no effect, it indicated a reduced trend 0.87, 0.63, 1.12; &gt; 0.05). results reached statistical differences. Conclusion This revealed that multiple doses less apt need have shorter hospital stays.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Association Between Vitamin D and COVID-19–Related Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses DOI
Jia‐ming Yang, Ze-Qin Li,

Yanbiao Zhong

et al.

Nutrition Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

COVID-19 remains globally pandemic, and although several meta-analyses have explored the association between vitamin D relative to clinical outcomes, a unified view has not yet emerged. To summarize evidence for associations levels COVID-19-related outcomes assess strength validity of these associations. PubMed, Embase, Web Science, Scopus, Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews databases were searched from January 1, 2020, June 15, 2024. Two reviewers independently extracted data assessed study quality. Low increased risk infection by 1.26- 2.18-fold, severe illness 1.50- 5.57-fold, intensive care unit (ICU) admission more than 2-fold, death 1.22- 4.15-fold. In addition, patients with deficiency had an average increase in length hospital stay 0.54 days compared high levels. Overall, supplementation may reduce severity (eg, ICU admissions, need mechanical ventilation) shorter but nonsignificant effect on mortality rates. there significant differences individuals testing positive those negative (mean difference [MD] = -3.22 ng mL-1; 95% CI, -5.18 -1.25), cases mild (MD -4.60 -5.49 -3.71), nonsurvivors survivors -6.59 CI: -8.94 -4.24). are associated higher rates, disease, rates among COVID-19, whereas patients' disease severity. The beneficial effects remain be further explored, however, higher-quality, randomized controlled studies. Nonetheless, caution is warranted because methodological quality most level very low. PROSPERO registration No. CRD42022385036.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Correlation Between Vitamin D Deficiency (25(OH)D3) and the Severity of Purulent Oropharyngeal Infections DOI Open Access

Florian Ciprian Venter,

Timea Claudia Ghitea,

Amour Venter

et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 2410 - 2410

Published: April 1, 2025

Background: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in immune system function, and its deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of infections. This study investigates the relationship between vitamin severity purulent oropharyngeal infections, considering need for surgical interventions duration hospitalization. Materials Methods: retrospective included patients diagnosed peritonsillar phlegmons, laterocervical abscesses, abscesses. Patients were categorized based on their levels: (<30 ng/mL) optimal levels (≥30 ng/mL). The clinical parameters, length hospitalization, type treatment analyzed. Statistical analyses Student's t-test, chi-square test, ANOVA to assess differences groups. Results: (25(OH)D3) had significantly longer hospital stay (8.50 days vs. 3.24 days, p = 0.001) required more frequent (55.6% 27.8%, 0.002) compared those levels. A trend toward complex regimens was also observed, although this not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that may contribute severe course increasing invasive treatments prolonging highlights importance monitoring potential benefits supplementation preventing managing upper respiratory tract

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Overcoming Infections Including COVID-19, by Maintaining Circulating 25(OH)D Concentrations Above 50 ng/mL DOI Creative Commons
Sunil J. Wimalawansa

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine International, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: Volume 14, P. 37 - 60

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Abstract: The elderly and those with underlying chronic diseases (i.e., comorbidities) such as pulmonary, cardiovascular, metabolic, renal diseases, increase their susceptibility to sepsis, including COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 virus damages pulmonary cells, causing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) hypoxia. It further endothelial altering clotting mechanisums intravascular hemolysis, microvascular thrombosis, micro-embolization, contributing the risk of death. Approximately 75% immune system functions humans depend on vitamin D availability sufficient amounts metabolites [vitamin 25(OH)D] concentrations enter cells from bloodstream. Such are achievable through sun exposure, targeted food fortification programs, adequate daily or weekly supplements. That would allow for generating 1,25(OH) 2 (non-hormonal form calcitriol) intracellularly in peripheral target like cells. This enables cells' physiological functions, intracrine/autocrine paracrine signaling processes. initiates maintains robust forming antibodies antimicrobial peptides, suppressing inflammation, increasing expression anti-inflammatory antioxidant genes, thus, strengthening functions. opposite occurs hypovitaminosis D, vulnerability infections dying it. Therefore, governments should make population immunoceuticals—micronutrients, especially other micronutrients: most cost-effective intervention keep healthy. cost interventions minuscule compared expenses related increased hospitalizations premature deaths. Supposed a program was implemented mid-2020 author proposed, we estimated that 50% (and associated healthcare costs) third deaths COVID could have been prevented. Described herein strategies using achieve sustain serum 3 25(OH)D crucial maintaining system, improving general health, minimizing disease severities deaths, reducing costs. Keywords: angiotensin-converting enzyme, 1, 25(OH) coronavirus, endocrine renin-angiotensin, innate SARS.CoV-2, Autocrine paracrine, cost-effetive therpies

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Calcium, Phosphorus and Magnesium Abnormalities Associated with COVID-19 Infection, and Beyond DOI Creative Commons
Lucreția Anghel, Corina Manole,

Aurel Nechita

et al.

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2362 - 2362

Published: Aug. 23, 2023

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 has had a profound impact on global health, leading to surge in research better understand pathophysiology of disease. Among various aspects under investigation, disruptions mineral homeostasis have emerged as critical area interest. This review aims provide an overview current evidence linking calcium, phosphorus and magnesium abnormalities with COVID-19 infection explores potential implications beyond acute phase Beyond COVID-19, suggests these long-term health outcomes. Persistent alterations levels been linked increased cardiovascular risk, skeletal complications metabolic disorders, warranting continuous monitoring management post-COVID-19 patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

8