Correlation between antimicrobial resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence determinants in uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Egyptian hospital

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 24, 2024

Abstract Background Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the main etiological agent behind community-acquired and hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs), which are among most prevalent human infections. The management of UPEC becoming increasingly difficult owing to multi-drug resistance, biofilm formation, possession an extensive virulence arsenal. This study aims characterize isolates in Tanta, Egypt, with regard their antimicrobial phylogenetic profile, virulence, as well potential associations these factors. Methods One hundred were obtained from UTI patients Egypt. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using Kirby-Bauer method. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) production screened double disk synergy test confirmed PCR. Biofilm formation evaluated microtiter-plate assay microscopy-based techniques. groups determined. hemolytic activity, motility, siderophore production, serum resistance also evaluated. clonal relatedness ERIC-PCR. Results Isolates displayed elevated cephalosporins (90–43%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (63%), ciprofloxacin (53%). Ninety percent multidrug-resistant (MDR)/ extensively drug-resistant (XDR) 67% produced ESBLs. Notably, there inverse correlation between 31%, 29%, 32%, 8% strong, moderate, weak, non-biofilm producers, respectively. Beta-hemolysis, detected 64%, 84%, 65%, 11% isolates, Siderophore correlated multiple antibiotics, while hemolysis more susceptible associated stronger biofilms. Phylogroups B2 D predominated, lower biofilms group B2. ERIC-PCR revealed considerable diversity isolates. Conclusion research highlights dissemination evident suggests a cost on bacterial cells; that may rely enhance survival. emphasizes importance considering ability during treatment avoid therapeutic failure and/or infection recurrence.

Language: Английский

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Occurrence and Molecular Study of Hypermucoviscous/Hypervirulence Trait in Gut Commensal K. pneumoniae from Healthy Subjects

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 704 - 704

Published: March 9, 2023

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is emerging worldwide. Hypermucoviscousity the characteristic trait that distinguishes it from classic K. (cKp), which enables Kp to cause severe invasive infections. This research aimed investigate hypermucoviscous (hmvKp) phenotype among gut commensal isolated healthy individuals and attempted characterize genes encoding virulence factors may regulate hypermucoviscosity trait. Using string test, 50 identified isolates individuals’ stool samples were examined for investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of determined using Kirby Bauer disc method. tested different PCR. Biofilm formation was assayed microtiter plate All multidrug-resistant (MDR). Phenotypically, 42% hmvKp. PCR-based genotypic testing revealed hmvKp belonged capsular serotype K2. study harbored more than one gene. The magA rmpA not detected, while terW gene present in all isolates. siderophores entB irp2 most prevalent (90.5%) non-hmvKp (96.6%), respectively. wabG uge with rates 90.5% 85.7%, outcomes this highlight potential health risk diseases, owing being MDR, harboring multiple genes. absence essential related such as phenotypes suggests multifactorial complexity or hypervirulence traits. Thus, further studies are warranted verify hypermucoviscosity-related pathogenic colonization niches.

Language: Английский

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Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes detected in Ciprofloxacin non-susceptible Escherichia coli and Klebsiella isolated from children under five years at hospital discharge, Kenya

BMC Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: May 13, 2023

Abstract Background The increasing spread of fluoroquinolone resistant enteric bacteria is a global public health concern. Children recently discharged from the hospital are at high risk carriage antimicrobial resistance (AMR) due to frequent exposure antimicrobials during inpatient stays. This study aimed determine prevalence, correlates ciprofloxacin (CIP) non-susceptibility, and distribution plasmid-mediated quinolone (PMQR) genes in Escherichia coli (E. coli) Klebsiella spp isolated children under five years being two Kenyan Hospitals. Methods E. were fecal samples subjected susceptibility testing (AST) by disc diffusion E-test. CIP non-susceptible isolates screened for seven PMQR using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Poisson regression was used association between patient characteristics. Results Of 280 isolates: 188 92 identified among 266 children, 195 (68%) CIP-non-susceptible with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ≥ 1 µg/mL. Among these isolates, 130 (67%) had high-level MIC = 32 µg/mL). Over 80% least one gene identified: aac(6’)lb-cr (60%), qnrB (24%) , oqxAB (22%), qnrS (16%), qepA (6%), however, qnrA not any tested. Co-carriage acc(6’)-lb-cr most predominant accounting 20% all isolates. Ceftriaxone use admission presence extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production significantly associated spp. Conclusion non-susceptibility common Kenya. Carriage co-carriage PMQR, including newly gene, frequently observed. These findings suggest that leaving may serve as an important reservoir transmission community. Enhanced surveillance AMR determinants critical inform interventions control antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.

Language: Английский

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Biofilm-forming antimicrobial-resistant pathogenic Escherichia coli: A one health challenge in Northeast India

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(9), P. e20059 - e20059

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Enteropathogenic E. (EPEC), and Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) in common food animals (cattle, goats, pigs) reared by tribal communities smallholder farmers Northeast India. The isolates were characterized for presence virulence genes, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) production, antimicrobial resistance, biofilm results statistically interpreted. In pathotyping 141 isolates, 10 (7.09%, 95% CI: 3.45%–12.66%) identified as STEC, 2 (1.42%, 0.17%–5.03%) atypical-EPEC, 1 (0.71%, 0.02%–3.89%) typical-EPEC. None classified ETEC. Additionally, using phenotypic combination disc method (ceftazidime with without clavulanic acid), six (46.1%, 19.22%–74.87%) determined be ESBL producers. Among STEC/EPEC strains, eleven (84.6%, 54.55%–98.08%) one (7.7%, 0.19%–36.03%) strains capable producing strong or moderate biofilms, respectively. PFGE analysis revealed indistinguishable patterns certain suggesting clonal relationships. These findings highlight potential role reservoirs virulent biofilm-forming pathotypes, implications contamination zoonotic infections. Therefore, monitoring these pathogens is crucial optimizing public health through strategy.

Language: Английский

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A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study assessing the impact of probiotic supplementation on antibiotic induced changes in the gut microbiome

Frontiers in Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: March 22, 2024

The human gut microbiome, crucial for health, can be disrupted by antibiotic treatment, leading to various health issues and the rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study investigates impact a probiotic on microbiome’s composition genes (ARGs) content following treatment. Conducted as single-centre, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, adults taking oral antibiotics were allocated into or placebo group. Evaluations included viable cell enumeration shotgun metagenomic sequencing microbiome analysis, along with ARG assessment. maintained numbers lactobacilli, significantly increased Bacteroides population decreased enterobacteria. lactobacilli enterococci in placebo. alpha diversity remained stable group throughout study, but significant reductions observed post There was spatial separation beta diversities between groups at end study. Compared baseline levels, there reduction abundance ARGs while comparable levels Co-occurrence network analysis consistent betweenness centrality node degree within whereas scores suggests that may minimize disruption treatment preserving microbial reducing abundance.

Language: Английский

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Role of plasmids in antibiotic resistance in clinical infections and implications for epidemiological surveillance: a review

All Life, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: June 6, 2024

The global upsurge in antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) is putting immense pressure on healthcare. spreading of antimicrobial resistance facilitated by mobile genetic elements, most especially plasmids. widespread use antibiotics clinical and veterinary environments creates selective that drives the evolution ARB. Plasmids contribute to propagation AR different types infections. role plasmids play this necessitates their utilization molecular surveillance detect emergence ARB track spread Recent technologies like replicon typing whole genome sequencing (WGS) have become gold standard for epidemiology detection control epidemics settings. Unfortunately, access such limited low- middle-income countries (LMICs). major aim review examine specific contributions settings elucidate various been attributed antibiotic-resistant infections healthcare Healthcare LMICs should be supported build capacity WGS effectively prevent bacterial

Language: Английский

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The Resistance Patterns in E. coli Isolates among Apparently Healthy Adults and Local Drivers of Antimicrobial Resistance: A Mixed-Methods Study in a Suburban Area of Nepal

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(7), P. 133 - 133

Published: July 12, 2022

Evidence-based decision-making to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mandates a well-built community-based surveillance system for assessing patterns among commensals and pathogenic organisms. As there is no such in Nepal, we attempted describe the pattern E. coli isolated from fecal samples of apparently healthy individuals Dhulikhel municipality also explored local drivers AMR. We used mixed-method design with cross-sectional quantitative component descriptive qualitative component, focus group discussion key informant interviews as data collection method. Fecal were collected 424 randomly selected study. was 85.9% human samples, which 14% resistant ≥3 class antimicrobials (multidrug resistant). Of 368 isolates, ampicillin (40.0%), tetracycline (20.7%) cefotaxime (15.5%) most prevalent. The major AMR were: lack awareness AMR, weak regulations on sales antimicrobials, poor adherence prescribed medications, incomplete dosage due financial constraints. These findings indicate need strict implementation national drug act limit over-the-counter antimicrobials. Additionally, campaigns multimedia mix are essential educating people

Language: Английский

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Exploring gabosine and chlorogentisyl alcohol derivatives from a marine-derived fungus as EcGUS inhibitors with informatic assisted approaches

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 242, P. 114699 - 114699

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

Language: Английский

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Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals High Genetic Diversity, Diverse Repertoire of Virulence-Associated Genes and Limited Antibiotic Resistance Genes among Commensal Escherichia coli from Food Animals in Uganda

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 1868 - 1868

Published: July 25, 2023

Commensal Escherichia coli with broad repertoire of virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes pose serious public health risks as reservoirs AMR virulence. This study undertook whole genome characterization commensal E. from food-producing animals in Uganda to investigate their variability (resistome virulome). We established that the had high genomic diversity 38 sequence types, 24 FimH 33 O-antigen serotypes randomly distributed within three phylogroups (A, B1, E). A greater proportion (≥93.65%) were resistant amoxicillin/clavulanate ampicillin antibiotics. The isolates AmpC beta-lactamase producers dominated by blaEC-15 (71.88%) tet(A) (20.31%) besides a diverse armory virulence-associated class exotoxin, adhesins, iron uptake, serine protease autotransporters which varied host species. Cattle found be major source carrying Shiga toxin genes, whereas swine was main colicin-like Usp gene. underscores importance livestock carrier large traits potential causing disease humans acquiring more genetic traits.

Language: Английский

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Bacterial Contamination and Antimicrobial Resistance in Drinking Water From Food and Drinking Establishments in Shashemane Town, Ethiopia

Environmental Health Insights, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

We investigated the bacteriological quality of drinking water and antimicrobial resistance bacterial isolates in food establishments Shashemane town, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2022. One hundred samples were collected tap storage containers 50 selected establishments. All analyzed for susceptibility tests using standard procedures. The found approximately 80% all (100%) contaminated with total coliforms. E. coli detected 20% 26% containers, respectively. 68 identified, including (33.8%), Staphylococcus (25%), Salmonella (17.64%), Klebsiella (11.76%), Shigella (10.29%), Pseudomonas (1.4%). highest by observed against ampicillin (96%), followed amoxicillin (94%), cotrimoxazole (76.8%), chloramphenicol (36%), gentamycin (23%), ciprofloxacin ceftriaxone (12%). concluded that vulnerable microbiological contamination it is a health risk consumers. level stored higher than water. In addition, antimicrobial-resistant bacteria such as coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Klebsiella, aureus both Therefore, awareness should be given handlers owners on hygienic handling practices regulatory bodies town stakeholders.

Language: Английский

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