An emerging research: the role of hepatocellular carcinoma-derived exosomal circRNAs in the immune microenvironment DOI Creative Commons

Huang-Zhen Xu,

Xinyi Lin,

Yunxian Xu

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 11, 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary malignancy of liver, is one leading causes cancer-related death and associated with a poor prognosis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) HCC comprises immune, immunosuppressive, interstitial cells hypoxic, angiogenic, metabolic reprogramming, inflammatory, immunosuppressive features. Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles that secrete biologically active signaling molecules such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), messenger ribonucleic (mRNA), microribonucleic (miRNA), proteins, lipids. These act messengers in microenvironment, especially microenvironment. Exosomal circRNAs reshape by prompting hypoxic stress response, stimulating angiogenesis, contributing to facilitating inflammatory changes inducing immunosuppression. exosomes secreted carry circRNA into immune cells, which intervene activation promote overexpression checkpoints regulate acquire properties. Furthermore, immunosuppression final result combination TME-related factors, including hypoxia, inflammation changes. In conclusion, exosomal accelerates progression adjusting phenotype ultimately forming an HCC-derived can affect cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, induction chemoresistance. Therefore, this review aimed summarize composition function these exosomes, role play formation, interactions between cells. This outlines malignant provides preliminary exploration clinical utility circRNAs.

Language: Английский

Arabidopsis apoplastic fluid contains sRNA- and circular RNA–protein complexes that are located outside extracellular vesicles DOI Creative Commons
Hana Zand Karimi, Patricia Baldrich, Brian D. Rutter

et al.

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(5), P. 1863 - 1881

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Previously, we have shown that apoplastic wash fluid (AWF) purified from Arabidopsis leaves contains small RNAs (sRNAs). To investigate whether these sRNAs are encapsulated inside extracellular vesicles (EVs), treated EVs isolated with the protease trypsin and RNase A, which should degrade located outside but not those inside. These analyses revealed mostly associated proteins. Further of (exRNAs) they include both long noncoding (lncRNAs), including circular (circRNAs). We also found exRNAs highly enriched in posttranscriptional modification N6-methyladenine (m6A). Consistent this, identified a putative m6A-binding protein AWF, GLYCINE-RICH RNA-BINDING PROTEIN 7 (GRP7), as well sRNA-binding ARGONAUTE2 (AGO2). two proteins coimmunoprecipitated lncRNAs, circRNAs. Mutation GRP7 or AGO2 caused changes sRNA lncRNA content suggesting contribute to secretion and/or stabilization exRNAs. propose mediate host-induced gene silencing, rather than RNA EVs.

Language: Английский

Citations

113
The potential role of exosomal circRNAs in the tumor microenvironment: insights into cancer diagnosis and therapy DOI Creative Commons
Juan Li, Guo Zhang, Chenguang Liu

et al.

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 87 - 104

Published: Nov. 10, 2021

Exosomes are multifunctional regulators of intercellular communication by carrying various messages under both physiological and pathological status cancer patients. Accumulating studies have identified the presence circular RNAs (circRNAs) in exosomes with crucial regulatory roles diverse pathophysiological processes. Exosomal circRNAs derived from donor cells can modulate crosstalk recipient locally or remotely to enhance development propagation, play tumor microenvironment (TME), leading significant enhancement immunity, metabolism, angiogenesis, drug resistance, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion metastasis. In this review, we describe advances exosomal their modulating hallmarks, especially those TME. Moreover, clinical application potential diagnosis therapy highlighted, bridging gap between basic knowledge practice.

Language: Английский

Citations

80
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles prevent the development of osteoarthritis via the circHIPK3/miR-124-3p/MYH9 axis DOI Creative Commons
Shenglong Li, Jie Liu, Siyu Liu

et al.

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: June 30, 2021

Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may play a vital role in variety of biological processes, including cartilage regeneration. However, few studies reported their potential the development osteoarthritis (OA) previously. In this study, we explored roles and underlying mechanism MSCs-EVs OA. Results Co-culture experiments revealed that could promote expression collagen type II alpha 1 chain (COL2A1), SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) Aggrecan while negatively regulate chondrocyte hypertrophy markers matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP-13) RUNX family 2 (Runx2) mouse chondrocytes OA model. Besides, results cell indicated notably weaken suppression proliferation, migration promotion apoptosis via interleukin1β (IL-1β) induction. addition, MSCs-circHIPK3-EVs (EVs derived from MSCs overexpressing circHIPK3) considerably improved IL-1β-induced injury. Mechanistically, elucidated circHIPK3 directly bind to miR-124-3p subsequently elevate target gene MYH9. Conclusion The findings our study demonstrated EVs-circHIPK3 participated MSCs-EVs-mediated proliferation induction inhibition miR-124-3p/MYH9 axis. This offers promising novel cell-free therapy for treating Graphic abstract

Language: Английский

Citations

64
Rational design and combinatorial chemistry of ionizable lipids for RNA delivery DOI
Yue Xu, Alex Golubovic, Shufen Xu

et al.

Journal of Materials Chemistry B, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(28), P. 6527 - 6539

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

This review will delve into the crucial role of ionizable lipids in development lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for efficient RNA delivery.

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Downregulation of miR‐100‐5p in cancer‐associated fibroblast‐derived exosomes facilitates lymphangiogenesis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma DOI Creative Commons
Chao Chen,

Chenbo Yang,

Xiangyu Tian

et al.

Cancer Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(13), P. 14468 - 14483

Published: May 15, 2023

Abstract Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), an aggressive gastrointestinal tumor, often has high early lymphatic metastatic potential. Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are primary components in tumor microenvironment (TME), and the impact of CAFs its derived exosomes on lymphangiogenesis remains elusive. Materials Methods microlymphatic vessel density (MLVD) ESCC was examined. Exosomes were extracted from normal fibroblast (NFs) CAFs. Subsequently, tumor‐associated endothelial cells (TLECs) treated with these exosomes, effect their biological behavior miR‐100‐5p selected as target miRNA, TLECs The predicted confirmed. IGF1R, PI3K, AKT, p‐AKT expression tumors Results A large number vessels present ESCC, leading to a poor prognosis. CAF‐derived promoted proliferation, migration, invasion, tube formation TLECs. Further, they also enhanced xenografts. levels significantly lower than NF‐derived exosomes. inhibited Mechanistic studies revealed that this inhibition mediated by miR‐100‐5p‐induced IGF1R/PI3K/AKT axis. Conclusion Taken together, our study demonstrates decreased exhibit pro‐lymphangiogenesis capacity, suggesting possibility targeting axis strategy inhibit metastasis ESCC.

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Circular RNAs and cervical cancer: friends or foes? A landscape on circRNA-mediated regulation of key signaling pathways involved in the onset and progression of HPV-related cervical neoplasms DOI Creative Commons

Emad Heydarnia,

Zahra Dorostgou,

Neda Hedayati

et al.

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

Abstract Cervical cancer (CC) is a common gynecologic malignancy, accounting for significant proportion of women death worldwide. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection one the major etiological causes leading to CC onset; however, genetic, and epigenetic factors are also responsible disease expansion. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which known as particular subset non-coding RNA (ncRNA) superfamily, with covalently closed loop structures, have been reported be involved in progression diverse diseases, especially neoplasms. In this framework, abnormally expressed circRNAs strong correlation pathogenesis through regulating substantial signaling pathways. Also, these molecules can considered promising biomarkers therapeutic targets diagnosis/prognosis treatment, respectively. Herein, we first review key molecular mechanisms, including Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways, well angiogenesis metastasis, by interfere development. Then, diagnostic, prognostic, potentials ncRNA will highlighted depth.

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Circular RNAs in human diseases DOI Creative Commons
Yuanyong Wang, Jin Zhang, Yu‐Chen S. H. Yang

et al.

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(9)

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Abstract Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a unique class of RNA molecules formed through back‐splicing rather than linear splicing. As an emerging field in molecular biology, circRNAs have garnered significant attention due to their distinct structure and potential functional implications. A comprehensive understanding circRNAs’ functions clinical applications remains elusive despite accumulating evidence involvement disease pathogenesis. Recent research highlights roles various human diseases, but reviews on remain scarce. This review provides in‐depth examination circRNAs, focusing first non‐neoplastic diseases such as respiratory, endocrine, metabolic, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, renal disorders. We then explore tumors, with particular emphasis exosomal circular RNAs, which crucial for cancer initiation, progression, resistance treatment. By detailing biogenesis, functions, impact mechanisms, this underscores the diagnostic biomarkers therapeutic targets. The not only enhances our specific tumor types also novel tools, thereby paving way future investigations interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
CircRNA: a rising star in plant biology DOI
Pei Zhang, Mingqiu Dai

Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 49(12), P. 1081 - 1092

Published: May 27, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

34
The Role of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer Drug Resistance DOI Open Access
Dimitra Ioanna Lampropoulou, Evangelia Pliakou, Gerasimos Aravantinos

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 1473 - 1473

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types diagnosed worldwide with high morbidity; drug resistance often responsible for treatment failure in CRC. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play distinct regulatory roles tumorigenesis, progression and chemoresistance.A literature search was conducted PubMed database order to sum up discuss role exosomal ncRNAs (ex-ncRNAs) CRC resistance/response their possible mechanisms.Thirty-six (36) original research articles were identified; these included exosome or extracellular vesicle (EV)-containing microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding (lncRNAs), circular (circRNAs) small-interfering (siRNAs). No studies found piwi-interacting RNAs.Exosomal transfer has been documented as a new mechanism resistance. Despite being its infancy, it emerged promising field (i) discover novel biomarkers therapy monitoring and/or (ii) reverse desensitization.

Language: Английский

Citations

30
Critical Roles of Circular RNA in Tumor Metastasis via Acting as a Sponge of miRNA/isomiR DOI Open Access
Li Guo, Lin Jia,

Lulu Luo

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(13), P. 7024 - 7024

Published: June 24, 2022

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of new endogenous non-coding (ncRNAs), are closely related to the carcinogenic process and play critical role in tumor metastasis. CircRNAs can lay foundation for metastasis via promoting angiogenesis, make cells gain ability migration invasion by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), interact with immune cells, cytokines, chemokines, other non-cellular components microenvironment, damage normal function or escape immunosuppressive network, further promote cell survival Herein, based on characteristics biological functions circRNA, we elaborated effect circRNA circRNA-associated competing RNA (ceRNA) network acting as miRNA/isomiR sponges cancer invasion, interaction microenvironment (TME), then explored potential interactions across different RNAs, finally discussed clinical value application promising biomarker. These results provide theoretical basis metastasis-related circRNAs treatment. In summary, briefly summarize diverse roles ceRNA application, especially miRNA/isomiR, which may complicate regulatory will contribute novel insight into future.

Language: Английский

Citations

29