Characterization of chitin and chitosan derived from Hermetia illucens, a further step in a circular economy process

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: April 22, 2022

Due to their properties and applications, the growing demand for chitin chitosan has stimulated market find more sustainable alternatives current commercial source (crustaceans). Bioconverter insects, such as Hermetia illucens, are appropriate candidates, is a side stream of insect farms feed applications. This first report on production characterization from different biomasses derived H. valorizing overproduced larvae in pupal exuviae dead adults. Pupal best biomass, both yields abundance easy supply farms. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction scanning electron microscope analysis revealed similarity insect-derived polymers ones terms purity structural morphology, therefore suitability industrial biomedical Its fibrillary nature makes illucens suitable producing fibrous manufacts after conversion nanofibrils, particularly adults-derived chitin, because its high crystallinity. A great versatility emerged evaluation physicochemical obtained which presented lower viscosity-average molecular weight deacetylation degree, fostering putative antimicrobial properties.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial properties of chitosan from different developmental stages of the bioconverter insect Hermetia illucens

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: May 16, 2022

Growing antimicrobial resistance has prompted researchers to identify new natural molecules with potential. In this perspective, attention been focused on biopolymers that could also be functional in the medical field. Chitin is second most abundant biopolymer Earth and its deacetylated derivative, chitosan, several applications biomedical pharmaceutical fields. Currently, main source of chitin crustacean exoskeleton, but growing demand for these polymers market led search alternative sources. Among these, insects, particular bioconverter Hermetia illucens, one bred. can extracted from larvae, pupal exuviae dead adults H. by applying chemical methods, converted into chitosan. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy confirmed identity chitosan produced illucens structural similarity commercial polymer. Recently, studies showed intrinsic activity. This first research investigated antibacterial activity three developmental stages through qualitative quantitative analysis, agar diffusion tests microdilution assays, respectively. Our results capacity opening perspectives use biological area.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Peptides—Mechanisms of Action, Antimicrobial Effects and Clinical Applications

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 1417 - 1417

Published: Oct. 16, 2022

The growing emergence of antimicrobial resistance represents a global problem that not only influences healthcare systems but also has grave implications for political and economic processes. As the discovery novel agents is lagging, one solutions innovative therapeutic options would expand our armamentarium against this hazard. Compounds interest in many such studies are peptides (AMPs), which actually represent host’s first line defense pathogens involved innate immunity. They have broad range activity Gram-negative Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, viruses, with specific mechanisms action utilized by different AMPs. Coupled lower propensity development, it becoming clear AMPs can be seen as emerging very promising candidates more pervasive usage treatment infectious diseases. However, their use quotidian clinical practice without challenges. In review, we aimed to summarize state-of-the-art evidence on structure AMPs, well provide detailed information activity. We present contemporary trials application highlight beyond diseases potential challenges may arise increasing availability.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Clinical Application Prospects of Antimicrobial Peptides

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(9), P. 2675 - 2675

Published: April 21, 2022

Antimicrobial peptides are a type of small-molecule peptide that widely exist in nature and components the innate immunity almost all living things. They play an important role resisting foreign invading microorganisms. have wide range antibacterial activities against bacteria, fungi, viruses other active traditional antibiotic-resistant strains do not easily induce development drug resistance. Therefore, they become hot spot medical research expected to new substitute for fighting microbial infection represent method treating drug-resistant bacteria. This review briefly introduces source structural characteristics antimicrobial describes those been used common clinical microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, especially coronaviruses), focusing on their mechanism action application prospects.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Peptide Synergies for Fighting Infectious Diseases

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(26)

Published: July 5, 2023

Abstract Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential elements of thehost defense system. Characterized by heterogenous structures and broad‐spectrumaction, they promising candidates for combating multidrug resistance. Thecombined use AMPs with other antimicrobial agents provides a new arsenal ofdrugs synergistic action, thereby overcoming the drawback monotherapiesduring infections. kill microbes via pore formation, thus inhibitingintracellular functions. This mechanism action is an advantage overantibiotics as it hinders development drug The synergisticeffect will allow repurposing conventional antimicrobials andenhance their clinical outcomes, reduce toxicity, and, most significantly,prevent In this review, various synergies ofAMPs miscellaneous discussed. effect ofstructural diversity chemical modification on AMP properties firstaddressed then different combinations that can lead to action,whether combination between antimicrobials, or andmiscellaneous compounds, attended. review serve guidance whenredesigning in antimicrobialagents enhanced outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Antibacterial smart hydrogels: New hope for infectious wound management

Materials Today Bio, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17, P. 100499 - 100499

Published: Nov. 19, 2022

Millions of people die annually due to uncured wound infections. Healthcare systems incur high costs treat Tt is predicted become more challenging the rise multidrug-resistant conditions. During last decades, smart antibacterial hydrogels could attract attention as a promising solution, especially for skin These are termed 'smart' their response specific physical and chemical environmental stimuli. To deliver different drugs particular sites in controlled manner, various types crosslinking strategies used manufacturing process. Smart designed provide antimicrobial agents infected or built from polymers with inherent disinfectant properties. This paper aims critically review recent pre-clinical clinical advances using against infections propose next best thing future trends. For this purpose, an introduction healing disease presented intelligent responding stimuli introduced. Finally, most investigations discussed related sections. studies can pave way producing new biomaterials applications.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in Poultry Production: Current Status and Innovative Strategies for Bacterial Control

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 953 - 953

Published: April 6, 2023

The world population’s significant increase has promoted a higher consumption of poultry products, which must meet the specified demand while maintaining their quality and safety. It is well known that conventional antimicrobials (antibiotics) have been used in livestock production, including poultry, as preventive measure against or for treatment infectious bacterial diseases. Unfortunately, use misuse these compounds led to development dissemination antimicrobial drug resistance, currently serious public health concern. Multidrug-resistant bacteria are on rise, being responsible infections humans animals; hence, goal this review discuss consequences resistance focusing current status agroeconomic sector. Novel control strategies under investigation application industry also described. These innovative approaches include peptides, bacteriophages, probiotics nanoparticles. Challenges related methods discussed.

Language: Английский

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Advancements, challenges and future perspectives on peptide-based drugs: Focus on antimicrobial peptides

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 181, P. 106363 - 106363

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Language: Английский

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Alternatives Therapeutic Approaches to Conventional Antibiotics: Advantages, Limitations and Potential Application in Medicine

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 1826 - 1826

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Resistance to antimicrobials and particularly multidrug resistance is one of the greatest challenges in health system nowadays. The continual increase rates antimicrobial worldwide boosted by ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses a major public threat. Different approaches have been employed minimize effect control this threat, but question still lingers as their safety efficiency. In context, new anti-infectious against are being examined. Use antibiotics combination with β-lactamase inhibitors, phage therapy, peptides, nanoparticles, antisense therapeutics considered such promising approach for overcoming bacterial resistance. review, we provide insights into these emerging alternative therapies that currently evaluated which may be developed future break progression We focus on advantages limitations potential application medicine. further highlight importance therapy approach, wherein two or more used order effectively combat infectious disease increasing access quality healthcare. These advances could give an alternate solution overcome drug eventually hope useful information clinicians who seeking solutions problems caused

Language: Английский

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Recent Progress in the Discovery and Design of Antimicrobial Peptides Using Traditional Machine Learning and Deep Learning

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 1451 - 1451

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

Antimicrobial resistance has become a critical global health problem due to the abuse of conventional antibiotics and rise multi-drug-resistant microbes. peptides (AMPs) are group natural that show promise as next-generation their low toxicity host, broad spectrum biological activity, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-parasitic activities, great therapeutic potential, such anticancer, anti-inflammatory, etc. Most importantly, AMPs kill bacteria by damaging cell membranes using multiple mechanisms action rather than targeting single molecule or pathway, making it difficult for bacterial drug develop. However, experimental approaches used discover design new very expensive time-consuming. In recent years, there been considerable interest in silico methods, traditional machine learning (ML) deep (DL) approaches, discovery. While few papers summarizing computational AMP prediction none them focused on DL methods. this review, we aim survey latest methods achieved approaches. First, biology background is introduced, then various feature encoding represent features peptide sequences presented. We explain most popular techniques highlight works based classify novel sequences. Finally, discuss limitations challenges prediction.

Language: Английский

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