Periodontal health, cognitive decline, and dementia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of longitudinal studies

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 70(9), P. 2695 - 2709

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Emerging evidence indicates that poor periodontal health adversely impacts cognition. This review examined the available longitudinal concerning effect of on cognitive decline and dementia.

Language: Английский

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The interplay between oral microbiota, gut microbiota and systematic diseases

Journal of Oral Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 15, 2023

Over the past two decades, importance of microbiota in health and disease has become evident. The human gut oral are largest second-largest microbiome body, respectively, they physically connected as cavity is beginning digestive system. Emerging exciting evidence shown complex important connections between microbiota. interplay microbiomes may contribute to pathological processes many diseases, including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, inflammatory bowel pancreatic cancer, colorectal so on. In this review, we discuss possible routes factors affect microbiota, contribution systemic diseases. Although most studies association studies, recently, there have been increasing mechanistic investigations. This review aims enhance interest connection shows tangible impact on health.

Language: Английский

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Outer membrane vesicles of Porphyromonas gingivalis trigger NLRP3 inflammasome and induce neuroinflammation, tau phosphorylation, and memory dysfunction in mice

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Aug. 9, 2022

Background Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), the keystone pathogen in chronic periodontitis, is reported to initiate Alzheimer’s disease pathologies preclinical studies. However, specific mechanisms and signaling pathways acting on brain still need be further explored. Outer membrane vesicles are derived from Gram-negative bacteria contain many virulence factors of bacteria. We hypothesized that outer an important weapon pathologies. Methods The (Pg OMVs, 4 mg/kg) or saline were delivered 14-month-old mice by oral gavage every other day for eight weeks. Behavioral alterations assessed open field test, Morris water maze, Y-maze test. Blood–brain barrier permeability, neuroinflammation, tau phosphorylation, NLRP3 inflammasome-related protein analyzed. Results Pg OMVs impaired memory learning ability decreased tight junction–related gene expression ZO-1, occludin, claudin-5, occludin hippocampus. could detected hippocampus cortex three days after gavage. Furthermore, activated both astrocytes microglia elevated IL-1β, phosphorylation Thr231 site, inflammasome–related In vitro studies, OMV (5 µg/ml) stimulation increased mRNA immunofluorescence BV2 microglia, which significantly inhibited inhibitor MCC950. contrast, N2a neurons was enhanced treatment with conditioned media OMV-stimulated attenuated pretreatment Conclusions These results indicate prompt dysfunction, trigger inflammasome middle-aged mice. propose play role activating neuroinflammation AD-like pathology triggered , activation a possible mechanism.

Language: Английский

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Neuroinflammation: A Distal Consequence of Periodontitis

Journal of Dental Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 101(12), P. 1441 - 1449

Published: June 16, 2022

Periodontitis, a chronic, inflammatory disease, induces systemic inflammation and contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. The precise etiology most common disorders, such as sporadic Alzheimer's, Parkinson's diseases multiple sclerosis (AD, PD, MS, respectively), remains be revealed. Chronic neuroinflammation is well-recognized component these evidence suggests that possible stimulus for development. Systemic can lead deleterious consequences on brain if sufficiently severe or shows vulnerabilities due genetic predisposition, aging, It has been proposed periodontal disease initiate contribute AD pathogenesis through pathways, including key pathogens. Dysbiotic oral bacteria release bacterial products into bloodstream eventually cross brain-blood barrier; also cause alterations gut microbiota enhance potentially affect function via gut-brain axis. trigeminal nerve suggested another route connecting brain. PD MS are often preceded by gastrointestinal symptoms aberrant microbiome composition, in enteric nervous system accompany disease. Clinical patients with periodontitis at higher risk developing MS. This nexus among brain, heralds new ways which microglial cells, main innate immune astrocytes, crucial regulators adaptive responses pathology. Currently, lack understanding neurodegeneration hindering treatment However, we may prevent this tackling one its contributors (periodontitis) simple preventive hygiene measures.

Language: Английский

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Periodontitis-related salivary microbiota aggravates Alzheimer’s disease via gut-brain axis crosstalk

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 29, 2022

The oral cavity is the initial chamber of digestive tract; saliva swallowed daily contains an estimated 1.5 × 1012 bacteria. Increasing evidence indicates that periodontal pathogens and subsequent inflammatory responses to them contribute pathogenesis Alzheimer's disease (AD). intestine central nervous system jointly engage in crosstalk; microbiota-mediated immunity significantly impacts AD via gut-brain axis. However, exact mechanism linking periodontitis remains unclear. In this study, we explored influence periodontitis-related salivary microbiota on based crosstalk APPswe/PS1ΔE9 (PAP) transgenic mice. Saliva samples were collected from patients with healthy individuals. was gavaged into PAP mice for two months. Continuous gavage impaired cognitive function increased β-amyloid accumulation neuroinflammation. Moreover, these AD-related pathologies consistent gut microbial dysbiosis, intestinal pro-inflammatory responses, barrier impairment, exacerbation systemic inflammation, suggesting may aggravate through demonstrated might participate by swallowing microbiota, verifying role progression providing a novel perspective etiology intervention strategies AD.

Language: Английский

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Oral Microbiota, Its Equilibrium and Implications in the Pathophysiology of Human Diseases: A Systematic Review

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1803 - 1803

Published: July 27, 2022

Imbalances of the oral microbiota and dysbiosis have traditionally been linked to occurrence teeth diseases. However, recent findings indicate that this exerts relevant influence in systemic health. Dysbiosis is implicated apparition progression cardiovascular, neurodegenerative other major human In fact, are second most diverse largely populated body its relationships with health, although widely explored, they still lack proper integration. The purpose systematic review thus examine implications oral, cardiovascular diseases offer integrative up-to-date interpretations. To achieve aim, we identified a total 121 studies curated PUBMED from time interval January 2003–April 2022, which after careful screening resulted 79 included. reviewed scientific literature provides plausible vias implication dysbiotic diseases, encourages further research continue elucidating highly poorly understood niche PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42022299692. This follows PRISMA guidelines.

Language: Английский

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Oral-gut axis as a novel biological mechanism linking periodontal disease and systemic diseases: A review

Japanese Dental Science Review, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59, P. 273 - 280

Published: Aug. 28, 2023

Substantial evidence suggests that periodontal disease increases the risk of developing and progressing extraoral manifestations such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease. The most probable causative mechanism behind this is influx bacteria and/or bacterial products (endotoxin) cytokines into systemic circulation originating from inflamed tissues. However, recent studies have revealed oral bacteria, especially periodontopathic play a role in inducing dysbiosis gut microbiota resulting induction dysbiosis-related pathology associated with diseases. Conversely, disruption has been shown to negative impact on pathogenesis Based our study findings available literature, review presents an overview relationship between health, highlighting mouth-gut connection.

Language: Английский

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Alzheimer’s Disease and Porphyromonas gingivalis: Exploring the Links

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 96 - 96

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Recent research highlights compelling links between oral health, particularly periodontitis, and systemic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the biological mechanisms underlying these associations remain unclear, role of periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, has garnered significant attention. P. a major driver is recognized for its potential effects putative in AD pathogenesis. This review examines evidence connecting gingivalis to hallmark features, such as amyloid β accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, other neuropathological features consistent with AD. Virulence factors, gingipains lipopolysaccharides, were shown be implicated blood-brain barrier disruption, neuronal damage. gingivalis-derived outer membrane vesicles may serve disseminate virulence factors brain tissues. Indirect mechanisms, inflammation triggered by chronic infections, are also supposed exacerbate neurodegenerative processes. While exact pathways uncertain, studies detecting components AD-affected brains support their possible underscores need further investigation into gingivalis-mediated interplay host responses. Understanding interactions could provide critical insights novel strategies reducing risk through management.

Language: Английский

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The Interaction between the Oral Microbiome and Systemic Diseases: A Narrative Review

Microbiology Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 1862 - 1878

Published: Nov. 9, 2023

Background: The human being is defined as a ‘superorganism’ since it made up of its own cells and microorganisms that reside inside outside the body. Commensal microorganisms, which are even ten times more numerous than present in body, perform very important functions for host, they contribute to health resist pathogens, maintain homeostasis, modulate immune system. In mouth, there different types such viruses, mycoplasmas, bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, often organized communities. aim this umbrella review evaluate if connection between oral microbiome systematic diseases. Methodology: A literature search was conducted through PubMed/MEDLINE, COCHRANE library, Scopus, Web Science databases without any restrictions. Because large number articles included wide range methods results among studies found, not possible report form or meta-analysis. Therefore, narrative conducted. We obtained 73.931 results, 3593 passed English language filter. After screening titles abstracts, non-topic entries were excluded, but most concerned interactions systemic Discussion: description normal microbial flora cavity both physiological conditions local pathological widespread pathologies. Furthermore, therapeutic precautions clinician can follow order intervene on change have been described. Conclusions: This highlights what intercorrelations microbiota healthy subjects conditions. According several recent studies, clear correlation dysbiosis diseases diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative

Language: Английский

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The oral-brain axis: can periodontal pathogens trigger the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease?

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia, characterized by a progressive cognitive decline. Sporadic AD, accounting for more than 95% cases, may arise due to influence environmental factors. It was reported that periodontitis, common oral ailment, shares several risk factors with including advanced age, smoking, diabetes, and hypertension, among others. Periodontitis an inflammatory triggered dysbiosis microorganisms, whereas neuroinflammation. Many studies have indicated chronic inflammation can instigate brain AD-related pathologies, amyloid-β plaques, Tau protein hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration. The potential involvement periodontal pathogens and/or their virulence in onset progression AD oral-brain axis has garnered significant attention researchers ongoing investigations. This review updated potentially associated elucidating impact on central nervous system, immune response, related pathological processes provide valuable insights future research axis.

Language: Английский

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