Periodontal microbiology and microbial etiology of periodontal diseases: Historical concepts and contemporary perspectives

Periodontology 2000, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Abstract This narrative review summarizes the collective knowledge on periodontal microbiology, through a historical timeline that highlights European contribution in global field. The etiological concepts disease culminate to ecological plaque hypothesis and its dysbiosis‐centered interpretation. Reference is made anerobic microbiology discovery of select pathogens their virulence factors, as well biofilms. evolution contemporary molecular methods high‐throughput platforms highlighted appreciating breadth depth microbiome. Finally clinical brought into perspective with different microbial species diagnosis, combination host biomarkers for this purpose, use antimicrobials treatment disease.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in metal nanoparticles to treat periodontitis

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

Abstract The gradual deterioration of the supporting periodontal tissues caused by periodontitis, a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease, is thought to be triggered colonization dysbiotic plaque biofilms in vulnerable host. One most prevalent dental conditions world, periodontitis now leading factor adult tooth loss. When does develop, it treated scraping mineralized deposits and biofilm off surfaces. Numerous studies have shown that non-surgical treatment significantly improves clinical microbiological indices individuals with periodontitis. Although parameters improved, certain bacterial reservoirs often persist on root surfaces even after standard therapy. Periodontitis has been local or systemic antibiotics as well scaling planning. Since there aren't many brand-new market, several researchers are currently concentrating creating alternate methods combating germs. There delay study subject nanoparticle (NP) toxicity, which especially concerned mechanisms action, while area nanomedicine develops. promising them metal NPs since they potent antibacterial action. Metal may employed efficient growth inhibitors variety bacteria, making useful for In this way, new contributed development anti-inflammatory platforms current therapeutic effects metallic summarized study. This data might used develop NP-based alternatives infections. Graphical

Language: Английский

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The oral–gut microbiome axis in health and disease

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. 791 - 805

Published: July 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Periodontitis: etiology, conventional treatments, and emerging bacteriophage and predatory bacteria therapies

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Inflammatory periodontal diseases associated with the accumulation of dental biofilm, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, are very common pose clinical problems for clinicians patients. Gingivitis is a mild form gum disease when treated quickly properly completely reversible. Periodontitis an advanced irreversible periodontium periods exacerbations, progressions remission. chronic inflammatory condition that damages tissues supporting tooth in its socket, i.e., gums, ligaments, root cementum bone. Periodontal inflammation most commonly triggered by bacteria present excessive accumulations plaque (biofilm) on surfaces. This driven disproportionate host immune responses induced imbalance composition oral changes their metabolic activities. microbial dysbiosis favors establishment conditions ultimately results destruction tooth-supporting tissues. Apart shift response, environmental factors genetics also important etiology In addition to destruction, can result significant systemic complications. Conventional methods treatment (improving hygiene, biofilm control, mechanical removal, using local or antimicrobial agents) not fully effective. All this prompts search new therapy. Advanced periodontitis multiple abscesses often antibiotics, amoxicillin, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, clindamycin, combined therapy amoxicillin metronidazole. However, due growing problem antibiotic resistance, does always achieve desired therapeutic effect. review summarizes pathogenesis, current approaches treatment, limitations state research possibility application bacteriophages predatory combat responsible periodontitis. We landscape potential applications alternative therapies based phages bacteria, highlight gaps existing knowledge need be addressed before trials utilizing these strategies seriously considered.

Language: Английский

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Periodontal diseases in Africa

Periodontology 2000, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

Abstract Periodontal diseases, a group of complex conditions marked by an excessive immune response and periodontal tissue destruction, are global health concern. Since 1990, the incidence these diseases has doubled, with Western sub‐Saharan Africa experiencing highest burden. Accurate diagnosis case identification crucial for understanding etiology, features disease, research, treatment prevention. Modern perspectives on disease classification based commonality among those affected. However, current literature is often plagued methodological inconsistencies focused mechanisms in European populations. Health inequalities low‐ middle‐income countries (LMICs) exacerbated challenges, Africa, Nigeria specifically, facing unique difficulties such as clinical personnel shortages limited research infrastructure. This review explored disparities care outcomes African We highlighted identified factors contributing to inequities outcomes. further demonstrated critical need inclusive equitable healthcare practices tailored challenges faced diverse populations regions resources. Addressing essential ensuring that advancements accessible all, thereby improving oral general health.

Language: Английский

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Periodontal Indices as Predictors of Cognitive Decline: Insights from the PerioMind Colombia Cohort

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 205 - 205

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Background: Poor oral health and periodontitis have been epidemiologically linked to cognitive decline mild impairment (MCI) in older adults. However, specific metrics directly linking these clinical signs are exceedingly limited. Methods: To address this gap develop novel tools help clinicians identify individuals at risk of decline, we established the PerioMind Colombia Cohort, comprising elderly Colombian subjects who underwent comprehensive neurocognitive periodontal evaluations. Results: The results revealed that diagnosed with MCI exhibited significantly higher scores indices, including gingival erythema pocket depth parameters. predictive model identified positive associations MCI, showing strongest correlation, followed by presence variations measurements. Additionally, lower educational attainment was associated a likelihood being classified periodontitis-MCI group. Conclusions: Here, show altered diagnosis, generated provide defined metric ranges for identifying risk. Upon validation larger cohorts, findings reported here could offer dental practitioners innovative age-related dementias through routine assessments, thereby enabling more accessible highly sought-after early intervention strategies both developing developed countries.

Language: Английский

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Periodontitis: An Oral Disease with Severe Consequences

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 195(1), P. 17 - 32

Published: Sept. 13, 2022

Language: Английский

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The role and mechanisms of gram-negative bacterial outer membrane vesicles in inflammatory diseases

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 16, 2023

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical, bilayered, and nanosized that secreted from gram-negative bacteria. OMVs play a pivotal role in delivering lipopolysaccharide, proteins other virulence factors to target cells. Multiple studies have found participate various inflammatory diseases, including periodontal disease, gastrointestinal inflammation, pulmonary inflammation sepsis, by triggering pattern recognition receptors, activating inflammasomes inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. also affect distant organs or tissues via long-distance cargo transport atherosclerosis Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, we primarily summarize the of describe mechanism through which signal cascades, discuss effects on pathogenic processes with aim providing novel insights into diseases prevention treatment OMV-mediated diseases.

Language: Английский

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Resveratrol Alleviates Diabetic Periodontitis-Induced Alveolar Osteocyte Ferroptosis Possibly via Regulation of SLC7A11/GPX4

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 2115 - 2115

Published: April 28, 2023

The mode and mechanism of diabetic periodontitis-induced alveolar-osteocyte death are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence ferroptosis in alveolar osteocytes during periodontitis therapeutic potential resveratrol alleviate osteocyte ferroptosis. Diabetic was induced C57/BL6-male mice treated with or without resveratrol. Periodontitis pathogenicity analyzed by micro-CT histology, immunohistochemistry. MLOY4 were P. gingivalis-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS)+advanced glycosylated end products (AGEs) mimicking condition vitro, ferrostatin-1 (ferroptosis inhibitor). Osteocyte expression inflammatory mediators analyzed. aggravated inhibited GPX4 SLC7A11 alleviated these effects. LPS+AGEs triggered vitro as indicated downregulated SLC7A11, upregulated malondialdehyde, disrupted mitochondrial morphology, overexpressed pro-inflammatory IL-1β, TNF-α, SOST, RANKL, IL-6, treatment reversed pIKBα pNF-κB p65 osteocytes, this effect. In conclusion, triggers possibly via disruption SLC7A11/GPX4 axis, has correct biological event.

Language: Английский

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The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in periodontitis: From mechanisms to therapeutic strategy

Journal of Periodontal Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 58(5), P. 853 - 863

Published: June 18, 2023

Periodontitis is an inflammatory and destructive disease of tooth-supporting tissue has become the leading cause adult tooth loss. The most central pathological features periodontitis are damage reaction. As energy metabolism center eukaryotic cells, mitochondrion plays a notable role in various processes, such as cell function response. When intracellular homeostasis disrupted, it can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction inability generate adequate maintain basic cellular biochemical reactions. Recent studies have revealed that closely related initiation development periodontitis. excessive production reactive oxygen species, imbalance biogenesis dynamics, mitophagy DNA all affect progression Thus, targeted therapy potentially promising treatment. In this review, we summarize above mechanism pathogenesis discuss some potential approaches exert therapeutic effects on by modulating activity. understanding summary might provide new research directions for intervention or treatment

Language: Английский

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