The Complicated Relationship of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Oral Microbiome: A Narrative Review

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 2749 - 2749

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

The human oral microbiome has emerged as a focal point of research due to its profound implications for health. involvement short-chain fatty acids in composition, health, and chronic inflammation is gaining increasing attention. In this narrative review, the results early vitro, vivo, pilot clinical studies projects are presented order define boundaries new complicated issue. According results, current data disputable ambiguous. When investigating role SCFAs health disease, it crucial distinguish between their local GI effects systemic influences. Locally, part normal microbiota metabolism, but increased formation usually attribute dysbiosis; excess participate development diseases biota gut colonization dysbiosis. On other hand, number have established positive impact on whole, including reduction inflammation, improvement metabolic processes, decrease some types cancer incidence. Thus, complex sophisticated approach with consideration origin localization SCFA function assessment demanded. Therefore, more research, especially needed investigate relationship disease potential prevention treatment.

Language: Английский

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Effect of the gut microbiome, plasma metabolome, peripheral cells, and inflammatory cytokines on obesity: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 15, 2024

Background Obesity is a metabolic and chronic inflammatory disease involving genetic environmental factors. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship among gut microbiota abundance, plasma metabolomics, peripheral cell (blood immune cell) counts, cytokines, obesity. Methods Summary statistics of 191 traits (N = 18,340), 1,400 metabolite 8,299), 128 counts cells, N 408,112; 3,757), 41 cytokine 8,293), 6 obesity were obtained from publicly available genome-wide association studies. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was applied infer links using inverse variance-weighted, maximum likelihood, MR-Egger, weighted median, mode, Wald ratio methods. Several sensitivity analyses also utilized ensure reliable MR results. Finally, we used mediation identify pathway mediated by metabolites, cytokines. Results revealed effect 44 taxa, 281 27 8 cytokines on Among them, five shared taxa belonged phylum Actinobacteria , order Bifidobacteriales family Bifidobacteriaceae genus Lachnospiraceae UCG008, species Eubacterium nodatum group. Furthermore, screened 42 7 1 cytokine. Based known observed that pathways D-arginine, D-ornithine, linoleic acid, glycerophospholipid metabolism closely related 20 relationships, including obesity, 17 2 Sensitivity represented no heterogeneity or pleiotropy in this study. Conclusion Our findings support microbiota, These biomarkers provide new insights into mechanisms underlying contribute its prevention, diagnosis, treatment.

Language: Английский

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Causal relationship between gut microbiota and ageing: A multi-omics Mendelian randomization study

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 131, P. 105765 - 105765

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Investigating the causal impact of gut microbiota on trigeminal neuralgia: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

The etiology and pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia remain unclear. This study examines the connection between gut microbiota using Mendelian randomization analysis to provide insights into disorder's origin propose potential therapies based on our findings. We used data from MiBioGen consortium (13,266 participants) for IEU OpenGWAS project (800 cases, 195,047 controls) neuralgia. checked heterogeneity horizontal pleiotropy inverse variance weighting method as main approach causal link bacteria neuralgia, MR-Egger, simple mode, weighted median, mode supplementary methods, with a sensitivity test leave-one-out analysis. If bacteria-trigeminal was found, we conducted reverse confirmation. According final results, these groups include Butyricimonas (Genus, id = 945, p-value 0.007, OR 1.742, 95% CI: 1.165-2.604), unknowngenus 1000005479, 0.005, 1.774, 1.187-2.651) Bacteroidales (Family, were causally associated No significant results according In study, identified specific linked To comprehensively understand their impact mechanisms, additional randomized trials are necessary.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the causal relationship between periodontitis and gut microbiome: Unveiling the oral–gut and gut–oral axes through bidirectional Mendelian randomization

Journal Of Clinical Periodontology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 28, 2023

Abstract Aim This Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to explore the potential bidirectional causal relationship between gut microbiome (GM) and periodontitis. Materials Methods We used genetic instruments from genome‐wide association of European descent for periodontitis GeneLifestyle Interactions in Dental Endpoints (GLIDE) consortium (17,353 cases 28,210 controls) FinnGen (4434 259,234 investigate with GM (the MiBioGen consortium, 18,340 samples), vice versa. Several MR techniques, which include inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR‐Egger, weighted median, simple mode approaches, were employed exposures outcomes. Cochran's Q ‐test detect heterogeneity. The MR‐Egger regression intercept pleiotropy residual sum outlier test (MR‐PRESSO) conducted horizontal pleiotropy. Leave‐one‐out sensitivity analyses assess stabilities single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Finally, IVW results two databases analysed using meta‐analysis. Results confirmed three relationships taxa at genus level. Among them, genera Alistipes Holdemanella genetically associated an increased risk In reverse, may lead a decreased abundance Ruminococcaceae UCG014 . Conclusions demonstration link provides compelling evidence, highlighting interconnectivity interdependence gut–oral oral–gut axes.

Language: Английский

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Causal effects of gut microbiota on autism spectrum disorder: A two-sample mendelian randomization study

Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(9), P. e37284 - e37284

Published: March 1, 2024

There is increasing evidence that alterations in gut microbiota (GM) composition are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but no reliable causal relationship has been established. Therefore, a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to reveal potential between GM and ASD. Instrumental variables for 211 taxa were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) estimate their impact on ASD risk the iPSYCH-PGC GWAS dataset (18,382 cases 27,969 controls). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) primary method causality analysis, several sensitivity analyses validate MR results. Among taxa, IVW results confirmed Tenericutes (P value = .0369), Mollicutes ( P Negativicutes .0374), Bifidobacteriales .0389), Selenomonadales Bifidobacteriaceae Family XIII .0149), Prevotella7 .0215), Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group .0205) protective factors Eisenbergiella .0159) possible factor No of heterogeneous, pleiotropic, or outlier single-nucleotide polymorphism detected. Additionally, further analysis verified robustness above We confirm certain microbes ASD, providing new insights into how mediate The them needs be explored will provide ideas prevention treatment

Language: Английский

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Periodontal Inflammation and Dysbiosis Relate to Microbial Changes in the Gut

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1225 - 1225

Published: June 18, 2024

Periodontal disease (PerioD) is a chronic inflammatory of dysbiotic etiology. Animal models and few human data showed relationship between oral bacteria gut dysbiosis. However, the effect periodontal inflammation subgingival dysbiosis on unknown. We hypothesized that its associated contribute to even in subjects free known disorders. evaluated compared elderly with Low High (assessed by Inflamed Surface Area (PISA)) for stool derived (assayed 16S rRNA sequencing). The associations PISA/subgingival produce short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) were assessed. LEfSe analysis that, PISA, species belonging Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Ruminococcus taxa Lactobacillus zeae enriched, while Coprococcus, Clostridiales, Atopobium enriched PISA. Regression analyses PISA indicators mainly reduced abundance SCFA producing (Radj = −0.38, p 0.03). Subgingival bacterial also levels −0.58, 0.002). These results suggest microbiota changes.

Language: Английский

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Long‐term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and periodontitis: An observational study using nationally representative survey data

Journal Of Clinical Periodontology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(5), P. 596 - 609

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Abstract Aim The rising prevalence of periodontitis imposes substantial burdens on individuals and society. Identifying environmental risk factors for may contribute to tackling the global public health burden it. This study aimed assess association between long‐term exposure PM 2.5 in a nationally representative population from China. Materials Methods In this multi‐centre cross‐sectional 372 communities 31 provinces Mainland China, we used data Fourth National Oral Health Survey China 2015–2016, combination with high‐resolution gridded concentrations fine particulate matter (PM ). Logistic regression was applied relationship periodontitis. addition, examined whether varied by individual characteristics, estimated exposure–response damaged tooth each quadrant. Results A total 8391 participants 96 cities were diagnosed periodontitis, accounting 60.04% (8391/13,459) participants. For 10 μg/m 3 increment 1‐, 3‐ 5‐year average , increased 9.0% (95% confidence interval: 6.0%, 12.0%), 8.0% (6.0, 11·0) 7.0% (5.0, 10.0), respectively. Mild more strongly associated than moderate severe teeth lower anterior, posterior or upper anterior are susceptible effect periodontal pocket, calculus bleeding gums. Conclusions Long‐term is significantly an Chinese population. Considering considerable costs treatment, substantially adverse effects society, these findings suggest that stricter air quality regulations help ease disease.

Language: Английский

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Infectious and Commensal Bacteria in Rheumatoid Arthritis—Role in the Outset and Progression of the Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3386 - 3386

Published: March 16, 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune disease with complex outset. Besides the genetic susceptibility in its pathogenesis, various environmental factors also participate. Of these, recent years, there have been increasing reports of involvement bacteria disease’s outset and development, especially gut microbiota oral pathogens. Most about participation RA pathogenesis focus on Prevotella copri Porphyromonas gingivalis. There are respiratory urinary tract The exact mechanisms leading to development used by not well known; however, some which can interact immune system known potentially lead development. aim this study provide comprehensive review potential participating mechanism involved that process.

Language: Английский

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Genomics-Microbiome Based Assessment of Bidirectional Causality Between Gut Microbiota and Psoriasis

Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 435 - 445

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Background: Traditional observational studies have found a possible risk association of the gut microbiota for psoriasis. Meanwhile, psoriasis may also affect changes in microbiota. However, available evidence does not demonstrate reciprocal relationship between and This limits our understanding on role mechanisms Methods: To address this question we used Mendelian randomization, novel epidemiological approach, acquired largest current GWAS data from MiBioGen consortium as well FinnGen consortium, performed two-sample bidirectional MR analyses using multiple analysis approach. Finally, robustness results was assessed by sensitivity analysis. Results: Our indicate that five bacterial genera are causally related to is four genera. Conclusion: These suggest causal influence somewhat challenge inferences previous studies. We specific with effect were different those characterize studies, these psoriasis-characterizing inversely associated Keywords: psoriasis, relationship, microbiota, randomization

Language: Английский

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