Diabetic vascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: April 10, 2023

Abstract Vascular complications of diabetes pose a severe threat to human health. Prevention and treatment protocols based on single vascular complication are no longer suitable for the long-term management patients with diabetes. Diabetic panvascular disease (DPD) is clinical syndrome in which vessels various sizes, including macrovessels microvessels cardiac, cerebral, renal, ophthalmic, peripheral systems diabetes, develop atherosclerosis as common pathology. Pathological manifestations DPDs usually manifest macrovascular atherosclerosis, well microvascular endothelial function impairment, basement membrane thickening, microthrombosis. Cardiac, microangiopathy coexist microangiopathy, while renal retinal predominantly microangiopathic. The following associations exist between DPDs: numerous similar molecular mechanisms, risk-predictive relationships diseases. Aggressive glycemic control combined early comprehensive intervention key prevention treatment. In addition widely recommended metformin, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, latest aldose reductase peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonizts, glucokinases mitochondrial energy modulators, etc. under active development. proposed obtain more systematic care requires center focusing This would leverage advantages cross-disciplinary approach achieve better integration pathogenesis therapeutic evidence. Such strategy confer benefits promote development DPD discipline.

Language: Английский

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Insights into Pathogenesis, Nutritional and Drug Approach in Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 136 - 136

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Sarcopenia is a multifactorial condition related to the loss of muscle mass and strength due aging, eating habits, physical inactivity, or even caused by another disease. Affected individuals have higher risk falls may be associated with heart disease, respiratory diseases, cognitive impairment, consequently an increased hospitalization, in addition causing economic impact high cost care during stay hospitals. The standardization appropriate treatment for patients sarcopenia that could help reduce pathology-related morbidity necessary. For these reasons, this study aimed perform systematic review role nutrition drugs ameliorate health quality life sarcopenic PRISMA guidelines were followed. Lifestyle interventions shown profound on but using supplements different can also skeletal maintenance. Creatine, leucine, branched-chain amino acids, omega 3, vitamin D show benefits. Although controversial results, medications such as Metformin, GLP-1, losartan, statin, growth hormone, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors been considered alter sarcopenic's metabolic parameters, protect against cardiovascular diseases outcomes, while protecting muscles.

Language: Английский

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SIRT1 activation attenuates palmitate induced apoptosis in C2C12 muscle cells

Molecular Biology Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(1)

Published: Feb. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Innate immune responses in pneumonia

Pneumonia, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 25, 2023

Abstract The lungs are an immunologically unique environment; they exposed to innumerable pathogens and particulate matter daily. Appropriate clearance of response pollutants is required prevent overwhelming infection, while preventing tissue damage maintaining efficient gas exchange. Broadly, the innate immune system collection immediate, intrinsic responses pathogen or injury. In this review, we will examine lung, with a particular focus on their role in pneumonia. We discuss anatomic barriers antimicrobial proteins injury recognition, leukocytes (macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes) lung stromal cells immunity. Throughout new findings immunity as well features that lung.

Language: Английский

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Lipid metabolism disorder promotes the development of intervertebral disc degeneration

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 166, P. 115401 - 115401

Published: Aug. 28, 2023

Lipid metabolism is a complex process that maintains the normal physiological function of human body. The disorder lipid has been implicated in various diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and bone diseases. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), an age-related degenerative disease musculoskeletal system, characterized by high morbidity, treatment cost, chronic recurrence. may promote pathogenesis IDD, potential mechanisms are complex. Leptin, resistin, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), fatty acids, cholesterol while lipocalin, adiponectin, progranulin (PGRN) exhibit protective activity against IDD development. contributes to extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, cell apoptosis, cartilage calcification intervertebral discs (IVDs) activating inflammatory responses, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress inhibiting autophagy. Several lines agents have developed target disorder. Inhibition be effective strategy for therapeutic management IDD. However, in-depth understanding molecular mechanism promoting development still needed.

Language: Английский

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L−shaped association of triglyceride glucose index and sensorineural hearing loss: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

The association between the sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index remains inadequately understood. This investigation seeks to elucidate connection TyG SNHL. In this cross-sectional study, we utilized datasets sourced from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A comprehensive analysis was conducted on 1,851 participants aged 20 69, utilizing complete audiometry data NHANES database spanning 2007 2018. All enrolled had accessible data, average thresholds were measured calculated as both low-frequency pure-tone high-frequency average. Sensorineural defined an pure tone of dB or higher in at least one better ear. Our involved application multivariate linear regression models examine relationship To delineate any non-linear associations, fitted smoothing curves threshold effect analysis. Furthermore, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) leveraging genetic genome-wide studies (GWAS) circulating lipids, blood glucose, primary analytical method for MR study inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) approach. our analysis, substantial positive correlation emerged SNHL [2.10 (1.80-2.44), p < 0.0001]. using two-segment model, found L-shaped index, fasting glucose with inflection point 9.07 94 mg/dL, respectively. Specifically, [3.60, (1.42-9.14)] [1.01, (1.00-1.01)] concentration than values positively associated risk. Genetically determined triglyceride levels demonstrated causal impact (OR = 1.092, 8.006 × 10-4). addition, have protective 0.886, 1.012 10-2). An identified among American population. more mg/dL significantly risk,

Language: Английский

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Lipid Metabolism: An Emerging Player in Sjögren’s Syndrome

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 68(1)

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the exocrine glands. Due to intricate nature of disease progression, exact mechanisms underlying SS are not completely understood. Recent research has highlighted complex interplay between immune dysregulation and metabolic abnormalities in inflammatory diseases. Notably, lipid metabolism emerged as crucial factor modulation function progression diseases, including SS. This review explores prevalence dyslipidemia SS, emphasizing its role onset, prognosis disease. We specifically described impact altered glands association with disease-specific features, inflammation glandular dysfunction. Additionally, we discussed potential clinical implications regulation, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) their deficits pathogenesis. By identifying promising therapeutic target, this highlights need for further into lipid-based interventions management

Language: Английский

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Non-coding RNAs affecting NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in diabetic cardiomyopathy: a comprehensive review of potential therapeutic options

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders that can lead to fulminant heart failure and sudden cardiac death. In recent years, the prevalence all types cardiomyopathies has shown an upward trend globally. Up 40% patients with cardiomyopathy-related have diabetes mellitus (DM). With fast global spread DM, DCM is increasing accordingly it remains leading cause morbidity mortality in chronic diabetic patients. NLRP3 inflammasome significantly contributes development pathological progression DCM. Targeting or any mediators along its activation pathway provides new potential therapeutic targets for developing specialized drugs treat this comprehensive review, we sought introduce summarize non-coding RNAs effects targeting signaling We hope general overview aid future research therapies

Language: Английский

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The protection of luteolin against diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats is related to reversing JNK-suppressed autophagy

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 2740 - 2749

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Luteolin improves cardiac function and myocardial remodeling with down-regulation of JNK/c-Jun/miR-221 pathway-inhibited autophagy in the diabetic heart, suggesting that luteolin's inhibition DCM is associated reversing JNK-suppressed autophagy.

Language: Английский

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Single-cell insights: pioneering an integrated atlas of chromatin accessibility and transcriptomic landscapes in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: April 25, 2024

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) poses a growing health threat, elevating heart failure risk in diabetic individuals. Understanding DCM is crucial, with fibroblasts and endothelial cells playing pivotal roles driving myocardial fibrosis contributing to cardiac dysfunction. Advances Multimodal single-cell profiling, such as scRNA-seq scATAC-seq, provide deeper insights into DCM's unique cell states molecular landscape for targeted therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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