The Role of Nutrition on Thyroid Function

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(15), P. 2496 - 2496

Published: July 31, 2024

Thyroid function is closely linked to nutrition through the diet–gut–thyroid axis. This narrative review highlights influence of nutritional components and micronutrients on thyroid development function, as well gut microbiota. Micronutrients such iodine, selenium, iron, zinc, copper, magnesium, vitamin A, B12 hormone synthesis regulation throughout life. Dietary changes can alter microbiota, leading not just dysbiosis micronutrient deficiency but also in immunological regulation, nutrient absorption, epigenetic changes. Nutritional imbalance lead dysfunction and/or disorders, hypothyroidism hyperthyroidism, possibly contribute autoimmune diseases cancer, yet controversial issues. Understanding these relationships important rationalize a balanced diet rich essential for maintaining health preventing thyroid-related diseases. The synthetic comprehensive overview current knowledge shows importance microbiota uncovers potential gaps that require further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Selenium Mitigates Caerulein and LPS-induced Severe Acute Pancreatitis by Inhibiting MAPK, NF-κB, and STAT3 Signaling via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway

Biological Trace Element Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Language: Английский

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Selenium supplementation and placebo are equally effective in improving quality of life in patients with hypothyroidism

European Thyroid Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Purpose We investigated whether selenium supplementation improves quality-of-life (QoL) in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (ID:NCT02013479). Methods included 412 ≥18 years serum thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) level ≥100 IU/mL a multicentre double-blinded randomised clinical trial. The were allocated 1:1 to daily either 200 μg as selenium-enriched yeast or matching placebo tablets for 12 months, add-on levothyroxine (LT4) treatment. QoL, assessed by the Thyroid-related Patient-Reported-Outcome questionnaire (ThyPRO-39), was measured at baseline, after 6 weeks, and 3, 6, 12, 18 months. Results In total, 332 (81%) completed intervention period, of whom 82% women. Although QoL improved during trial, no difference any ThyPRO-39 scales found between group months intervention. addition, employing linear mixed model regression two groups observed composite score (28.8 (95% CI: 24.5–33.6) 28.0 (24.5–33.1), respectively; P = 0.602). Stratifying according duration disease inclusion, score, TPOAb level, status baseline did not significantly change results. levels lower than (1995 1512–2512) vs 2344 kIU/L (1862–2951); 0.016) but influence LT4 dosage free triiodothyronine–free thyroxine ratio. Conclusion hypothyroid on therapy due thyroiditis, same extent.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Trace Elements on Endocrine Function and Pathogenesis of Thyroid Diseases—A Literature Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 398 - 398

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

The thyroid gland is an endocrine organ whose hormones enable the proper functioning of organism. normal function this influenced by internal and external factors. One factors trace elements. Trace elements in appropriate concentrations are necessary for thyroid. Fe, Cu, Mn, I, Zn, Se part enzymes involved oxidative stress reduction, while Cd, Hg, Pb can increase ROS production. Cu Fe correct TPO synthesis. An imbalance concentration such as Co, Ag, Pb, cells lead to diseases Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, hypothyroidism, autoimmune nodules, cancer, postpartum thyroiditis. Lack adequate levels may hypothyroidism cancer development. gland’s ability absorb I reversibly reduced Co. Adequate required function; both deficiency excess predispose development disorders. High Mn hypothyroidism. Furthermore, cause progression. Insufficient Zn supplementation causes nodule Cd affecting molecular mechanisms also Hg accumulating interfere with hormone secretion stimulate cell proliferation. A higher risk were linked elevated levels. disrupts several On other hand, some be useful treatment diseases. Therefore, effects on require further research.

Language: Английский

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Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index and Thyroid Function in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: An Observational Cross–Sectional Multicenter Study

Medicina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(9), P. 1454 - 1454

Published: Sept. 5, 2024

The available research suggests that dietary patterns with high inflammatory potential, as indicated by a DII score, may exacerbate inflammation and potentially influence thyroid function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate associations between potential diet function in adults Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).

Language: Английский

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The beneficial and toxic effects of selenium on zebrafish. A systematic review of the literature

Toxicology Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2)

Published: March 1, 2024

Selenium is an important and essential trace element in organisms, but its effects on organisms are also a "double-edged sword". deficiency or excess can endanger the health of humans animals. In order to thoroughly understand nutritional value toxicity hazards selenium, researchers have conducted many studies model animal zebrafish. However, there lack induction summary relevant research which selenium acts This paper provides review reported studies. Firstly, this article summarizes benefits zebrafish from three aspects: Promoting growth, Enhancing immune function anti-tumor ability, Antagonizing some pollutants, such as mercury. Then, aspects introduced: nervous system behavior, reproductive damage organs. describes how different forms compounds health. Finally, prospects for future directions presented.

Language: Английский

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Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: the role of oxidative stress

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 11, 2024

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune condition affecting the eyes, characterized by proptosis, extraocular muscle involvement, and in severe cases, vision impairment including diplopia, optic neuropathy, potential blindness. The exact etiology of TAO remains elusive; however, increased oxidative stress decreased antioxidant capacity are pivotal its pathogenesis. Elevated not only directly damages orbital tissues but also influences thyroid function responses, exacerbating tissue destruction. This review explores role TAO, elucidates mechanisms, evaluates efficacy limitations therapies managing TAO. findings aim to enhance understanding mechanisms propose strategies for future therapeutic development.

Language: Английский

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Effect of trace elements and nutrients on 21 autoimmune diseases: a Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Background Numerous clinical studies have observed a close relationship between serum trace elements, nutrients, and autoimmune diseases. However, whether there is genetic causal effect diseases remains unclear. Objective This study aims to investigate the effects of elements nutrients on 21 using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms for exposure factors (serum vitamins) were obtained from published UK Biobank database genome-wide association (GWAS) public databases. Outcome GWAS data derived FinnGen database. MR was employed explore relationships 9 6 vitamins Causal inference performed inverse variance weighted methods, Egger, median methods. Subsequently, heterogeneity tests, horizontal pleiotropy MR-PRESSO leave-one-out analyses conducted sensitivity analysis evaluate robustness results. Finally, that statistically significant in IVW method had consistent sizes odds ratios across five methods selected as with diabetes its complications. Additionally, multivariable assess combined multiple Results indicated elevated levels element copper associated an increased risk systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) decreased ulcerative colitis. Carotene found negative adult-onset Still ’ s disease (AOSD). Elevated selenium hyperthyroidism. Calcium showed polyarteritis nodosa. MVMR results demonstrated could independently affect hyperthyroidism, separate copper. Conclusion The findings both univariable support These implications developing targeted prevention treatment strategies

Language: Английский

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Nutrition, intestinal microbiota, and thyroid autoimmune pathology

Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(1), P. 102 - 102

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the Role of Selenium in Child Development: Impacts on Growth, Neurodevelopment and Immunity

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 1274 - 1274

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Selenium (Se) is a vital trace element for children, playing crucial role in numerous physiological processes, including antioxidant defense, immune regulation, thyroid function, and bone metabolism. Emerging evidence highlights its potential impact on child development growth while also underscoring the complexity of mechanisms global variations Se intake. The aim this review to comprehensively elucidate significance various biological processes within human body, with focus growth; biochemical effects nervous system, tissue; implications deficiency toxicity. This integrates findings from experimental models, epidemiological studies, clinical trials explore Se's neurodevelopment, competence children. Selenoproteins, which regulate oxidative stress hormone metabolism, are essential normal cognitive toxicity has been linked impaired retardation, decreased function. underscore influence pathways that critical healthy broader importance health. Public health strategies aimed at optimizing selenium intake may play pivotal improving pediatric outcomes worldwide.

Language: Английский

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