Inflammasomes and IL-1 family cytokines in SARS-CoV-2 infection: from prognostic marker to therapeutic agent

Cytokine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 157, P. 155934 - 155934

Published: June 7, 2022

Language: Английский

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Corticosteroids in COVID-19: pros and cons

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

The wide and rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has placed an unanticipated burden on global healthcare sector. This necessitated a swift response from international community to reach solution. Efforts were made in parallel develop preventative therapeutic modalities. Since then, drug repurposing blossomed as potentially resolution included various agents with anti-viral anti-inflammatory properties. Corticosteroids, being potent agents, have been under extensive investigation. Various trials recorded beneficial outcome corticosteroids decreasing mortality morbidity COVID-19. With high pace escalating events, quality study design clinical are varied. Therefore, this aims explore role disease. It inspects molecular, pharmacologic, proof behind theory.

Language: Английский

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Adjunctive Statin Therapy in Patients with Covid-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

The American Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 137(10), P. 966 - 973.e11

Published: June 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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HERV-W ENV antigenemia and correlation of increased anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin levels with post-COVID-19 symptoms

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 27, 2022

Due to the wide scope and persistence of COVID-19´s pandemic, post-COVID-19 condition represents a post-viral syndrome unprecedented dimensions. SARS-CoV-2, in line with other infectious agents, has capacity activate dormant human endogenous retroviral sequences ancestrally integrated genomes (HERVs). This activation was shown relate aggravated COVID-19 patient´s symptom severity. Despite our limited understanding how HERVs are turned off upon infection clearance, or mediate long-term effects when their transcription remains aberrantly on, participation these elements neurologic disease, such as multiple sclerosis, is already settling basis for effective therapeutic solutions. These observations support an urgent need identify mechanisms that lead HERV expression SARS-CoV-2 infection, on one hand, answer whether persistent exists condition, other. The present study shows, first time, HERV-W ENV protein can still be actively expressed long after resolved patients. Moreover, increased anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulins particularly high immunoglobulin levels E isotype (IgE), seem strongly correlate deteriorated patient physical function (r=-0.8057, p<0.01). results indicate antigenemia IgE serology should further studied better characterize pathogenic drivers potentially differing subsets patients various symptoms. They also point out biomarkers may serve design options precision medicine condition.

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 infection relaxes peripheral B cell tolerance

The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 219(6)

Published: April 14, 2022

Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with strong inflammation and autoantibody production against diverse self-antigens, suggesting a system-wide defect in B cell tolerance. BND cells are subset healthy individuals harboring autoreactive but anergic lymphocytes. In vitro evidence suggests inflammatory stimuli can breach peripheral tolerance this subset. We asked whether SARS-CoV-2–associated impairs To address this, PBMCs plasma were collected from controls, immunized SARS-CoV-2, or subjects convalescent severe infection. demonstrate that severely infected significantly activated, display reduced inhibitory receptor expression, restored BCR signaling, indicative of anergy during viral infection, supported by increased levels antibodies. The phenotypic functional alterations correlate Thus, released likely as consequence robust systemic inflammation.

Language: Английский

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Regulated Arginine Metabolism in Immunopathogenesis of a Wide Range of Diseases: Is There a Way to Pass between Scylla and Charybdis?

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(4), P. 3525 - 3551

Published: April 18, 2023

More than a century has passed since arginine was discovered, but the metabolism of amino acid never ceases to amaze researchers. Being conditionally essential acid, performs many important homeostatic functions in body; it is involved regulation cardiovascular system and regeneration processes. In recent years, more facts have been accumulating that demonstrate close relationship between metabolic pathways immune responses. This opens new opportunities for development original ways treat diseases associated with suppressed or increased activity system. this review, we analyze literature describing role immunopathogenesis wide range diseases, discuss arginine-dependent processes as possible target therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

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Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation (AISI), Disease Severity, and Mortality in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(14), P. 4584 - 4584

Published: July 10, 2023

Combined indices of different haematological cell types appear to be particularly promising for investigating the link between systemic inflammation and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a systematic review meta-analysis assess aggregate index (AISI), an emerging derived from neutrophil, monocyte, platelet, lymphocyte counts, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with severity survival status. searched electronic databases 1st December 10th June 2023 assessed risk bias certainty evidence. In 13 studies, severe disease/death was associated significantly higher AISI values on admission vs. non-severe disease/survival (standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.68, 95% CI 0.38 0.97, p < 0.001). The also five studies reporting odds ratios (4.39, 2.12 9.06, ˂ 0.001), but not three hazard (HR 1.000, 0.999 1.002, 0.39). pooled sensitivity, specificity, area under curve were 0.66 (95% 0.58 0.73), 0.78 0.73 0.83), 0.79 0.76 respectively. Our study has shown that can effectively discriminate outcome (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023438025).

Language: Английский

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Increased prevalence of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome conditions during COVID-19: A propensity score-matched study

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 218, P. 111926 - 111926

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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An Overview of the Impact of Bacterial Infections and the Associated Mortality Predictors in Patients with COVID-19 Admitted to a Tertiary Center from Eastern Europe

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 144 - 144

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

1.Literature data on bacterial infections and their impact the mortality rates of COVID-19 patients from Romania are scarce, while worldwide reports contrasting. 2.We conducted a unicentric retrospective observational study that included 280 with SARS-CoV-2 infection, whom we performed various microbiological determinations. Based administration or not antibiotic treatment, divided into two groups. First, sought to investigate predictors infections, causative microbial strains, prescribed treatment. Secondly, aimed identify risk factors associated in-hospital death evaluate biomarkers' performance for predicting short-term mortality. 3.Bacterial co-infections secondary were confirmed in 23 (8.2%) patients. Acinetobacter baumannii was pathogen responsible most infections. Almost three quarters (72.8%) received empiric therapy. Multivariate logistic regression has shown leukocytosis intensive care unit admission as C-reactive protein, together length hospital stay, predictors. The ROC curves revealed an acceptable erythrocyte sedimentation rate (AUC: 0.781), protein 0.797), but poor fibrinogen 0.664) fatal events. 4.This highlighted somewhat paradoxical association low high A thorough assessment addition acknowledgment predictors, is crucial identifying high-risk patients, thus allowing timely therapeutic intervention, direct improving patients' prognosis.

Language: Английский

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Cholinergic Polarization of Human Macrophages

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(21), P. 15732 - 15732

Published: Oct. 29, 2023

Macrophages serve as vital defenders, protecting the body by exhibiting remarkable cellular adaptability in response to invading pathogens and various stimuli. These cells express nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with α7-nAChR being extensively studied due its involvement activating cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Activation of this pathway plays a crucial role suppressing macrophages' production proinflammatory cytokines, thus mitigating excessive inflammation maintaining host homeostasis. Macrophage polarization, which occurs specific or insults, is process that has received limited attention concerning activation contributions context. This review aims present evidence highlighting how constituents macrophages, led α7-nAChR, facilitate polarization macrophages towards phenotypes. Additionally, we explore influence viral infections on macrophage inflammatory phenotypes, taking into account mechanisms. We also current understanding these infections. Finally, provide insights relatively unexplored partial duplication known dup α7, emerging significant factor scenarios.

Language: Английский

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