Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(3), P. 101402 - 101402
Published: Sept. 1, 2022
Language: Английский
Current Research in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4, P. 100065 - 100065
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
The studies on the composition of human microbiomes in healthy individuals, its variability course inflammation, infection, antibiotic therapy, diets and different pathological conditions have revealed their intra inter-kingdom relationships. lung microbiome comprises major species members phylum Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria Proteobacteria, which are distributed ecological niches along nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, trachea lungs. Commensal pathogenic maintained equilibrium as they strong Bacterial overgrowth after dysbiosis and/or imbalanced CD4+ helper T cells, CD8+ cytotoxic cells regulatory (Treg) populations can promote inflammatory reactions distress, consequently acute chronic respiratory diseases. This review is aimed to summarize latest advances resident participation most common pulmonary infections pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), ventilator-associated (VAP), immunodeficiency associated SARS-CoV-2-associated distress syndrome (ARDS) obstructive disease (COPD). We briefly describe physiological immunological mechanisms that selectively create advantages or disadvantages for relative growth bacterial tract. At end, we propose some directions analytical methods may facilitate identification key genera transient microbes involved diseases' initiation progression.
Language: Английский
Citations
23
Andrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1799 - 1807
Published: March 12, 2024
Severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 can invade a variety of tissues, including the testis. Even though this virus is scarcely found in human semen polymerase chain reaction tests, autopsy studies confirm viral presence all testicular cell types, spermatozoa and spermatids.
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Feb. 12, 2025
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic made it critical to understand immune and inflammatory responses SARS-CoV-2 virus. It became increasingly recognized that response was a key mediator illness severity its mechanisms needed be better understood. Early infection both tissue cells, such as macrophages, leading pyroptosis-mediated inflammasome production in an organ system for systemic oxygenation likely plays central role morbidity wrought by SARS-CoV-2. Delayed transcription Type I III interferons may lead early disinhibition viral replication. Cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), some which produced through involving nuclear kappa B (NF-κB), contribute hyperinflammatory state patients with severe COVID-19. Lymphopenia, more apparent among natural killer (NK) CD8+ T-cells, B-cells, can disease reflect direct cytopathic effects or end-organ sequestration. Direct activation endothelial cells mechanism systems are impacted. In this context, endovascular neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation microthrombi development seen lungs other organs throughout body, heart, gut, brain. kidney most impacted extrapulmonary owing high concentration ACE2 exposure kidney, acute tubular injury, myofibroblast activation, collapsing glomerulopathy select populations account COVID-19-related AKI CKD development. COVID-19-associated nephropathy (COVAN), particular, mediated IL-6 signal transducer activator 3 (STAT3) signaling, suggesting connection between chronic disease. Chronic manifestations also include conditions like Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Children (MIS-C) Adults (MIS-A) post-acute sequelae (PASC), spectrum clinical presentations persistent dysregulation. lessons learned those undergoing continued study have broad implications understanding infections’ immunologic consequences beyond coronaviruses.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Nature Reviews Nephrology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 18, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Immunity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: April 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9
Published: Aug. 23, 2022
Immune dysfunction is widely regarded as one of the central tenants underpinning pathophysiology diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. When discussing immunity, role neutrophils must be accounted for: are most abundant circulating immune cells first to recruited sites inflammation, where they contribute host defense via phagocytosis, degranulation, extrusion neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs composed DNA associated with nuclear cytosolic proteins. Although originally reported an antimicrobial strategy prevent microbial dissemination, a growing body evidence has implicated in various autoimmune metabolic disorders. In these disorders, propagate pathologic inflammatory response consequent tissue injury thrombosis. Many diabetic complications—such stroke, retinopathy, impaired wound healing, coronary artery disease—involve mechanisms. Therefore, this review, we discuss laboratory clinical data informing our understanding development NET markers, including myeloperoxidase, citrullinated histone H3, elastase, cell-free double-stranded DNA, can easily measured serum or detected immunohistochemical/immunocytochemical staining specimens. constituents potentially constitute reliable biomarkers for use management patients. However, no NET-targeting drug currently approved treatment complications; candidate will require outcomes well-designed, robust trials assessing whether inhibition benefit patients terms morbidity, quality life, health expenditures, mortality. much work remains done translating encouraging pieces into medications used clinic.
Language: Английский
Citations
37
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55, P. 152047 - 152047
Published: June 10, 2022
Language: Английский
Citations
32
Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1850 - 1850
Published: Aug. 1, 2022
Recent advances in pharmacotherapy have markedly improved the prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) but not completely conquered it. Therapies targeting NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome and its downstream cytokines proven effective secondary prevention events, suggesting that inflammation is a target for treating residual risk CVD. Neutrophil-induced has long been recognized as important pathogenesis Circadian rhythm-related disease-specific microenvironment changes give rise to neutrophil diversity. Neutrophils are primed by various stimuli, such chemokines, cytokines, damage-related molecular patterns, activated neutrophils contribute inflammatory response CVD through degranulation, phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species generation, release extracellular traps (NETs). In particular, NETs promote immunothrombosis interaction with vascular endothelial cells platelets implicated development types CVD, acute coronary syndrome, deep vein thrombosis, heart failure. promising candidates anti-inflammatory therapy their efficacy already demonstrated animal models disease; however, they yet be clinically applied humans. This narrative review discusses diversity complexity trajectory therapeutic potential NETs, related clinical issues.
Language: Английский
Citations
29
Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 1690 - 1690
Published: Aug. 29, 2022
The formation of microthrombi in lung autopsies indicates the involvement NETs immunopathogenesis severe COVID-19. Therefore, supplements inhibiting NET formation, association with drugs fewer adverse effects, should be a relevant strategy to attenuate disease. Resveratrol (RESV) is natural polyphenol an important antiviral and antioxidant role. To modulate neutrophils from patients infected SARS-CoV-2, we evaluated vitro effect RESV on formation. Herein, investigated 190 hospitalized moderate, severe, critical symptoms at Hospital das Clínicas, Brazil. We observed that neutrophilia COVID-19 infection composed activated profile able release spontaneously. Notably, decreased neutrophil-activated status free DNA, even under specific PMA stimulus. At present, there no evidence role infection. These findings suggest adjunctive therapies may help decrease inflammation viral or bacterial infection, improving patient outcomes.
Language: Английский
Citations
29
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14
Published: Sept. 27, 2023
Post-acute COVID-19 sequelae, commonly known as long COVID, encompasses a range of systemic symptoms experienced by significant number survivors. The underlying pathophysiology COVID has become topic intense research discussion. While chronic inflammation in received considerable attention, the role neutrophils, which are most abundant all immune cells and primary responders to inflammation, been unfortunately overlooked, perhaps due their short lifespan. In this review, we discuss emerging neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) persistent inflammatory response observed patients. We present early evidence linking persistence NETs pulmonary fibrosis, cardiovascular abnormalities, neurological dysfunction COVID. Several uncertainties require investigation future studies. These include mechanisms SARS-CoV-2 brings about sustained activation phenotypes after infection resolution; whether heterogeneity neutrophils seen acute persists into phase; presence autoantibodies can induce protect them from degradation; exert differential, organ-specific effects; specifically NET components contribute pathologies, such fibrosis; senescent drive formation through pro-inflammatory secretome Answering these questions may pave way for development clinically applicable strategies targeting NETs, providing relief health crisis.
Language: Английский
Citations
22