Use of probiotic lactobacilli in the treatment of vaginal infections: In vitro and in vivo investigations

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 3, 2023

The vaginal microbiome is a distinct component of the human that colonized by wide variety microorganisms. Lactobacilli are most frequently identified microorganisms in healthy vagina. These Gram-positive bacilli can acidify microenvironment, inhibit proliferation other pathogenic microorganisms, and promote maintenance eubiotic microbiome. However, flora with reduced proportion or abundance lactobacilli associated various infections have been linked to serious health consequences such as infertility, preterm birth, pelvic inflammatory disease, premature rupture membranes, miscarriage. Due their “Generally Recognized Safe” classification critical role health, probiotic widely used an alternative adjunct traditional antibiotic therapy for treatment restoration This review focuses on significant microenvironment discusses use female vitro vivo .

Language: Английский

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Vaginal microbiota transplantation is a truly opulent and promising edge: fully grasp its potential

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 22, 2024

Vaginal microbiota transplantation (VMT) is a cutting-edge treatment modality that has the potential to revolutionize management of vaginal disorders. The human vagina complex and dynamic ecosystem home diverse community microorganisms. These microorganisms play crucial role in maintaining health well-being female reproductive system. However, when balance this disrupted, it can lead development various Conventional treatments, such as antibiotics antifungal medications, temporarily relieve symptoms they often fail address underlying cause problem, which disruption microbiota. In recent years, VMT emerged promising therapeutic approach aims restore ecosystem. Several studies have demonstrated safety efficacy treating bacterial vaginosis, recurrent yeast infections, other conditions. procedure also shown results reducing risk sexually transmitted infections preterm birth pregnant women. more research needed establish optimal donor selection, preparation, screening protocols, well long-term efficacy. offers safe, effective, minimally invasive option for women with persistent problems. It could improve quality life millions worldwide become standard shortly. With further development, potentially treat wide range problems beyond scope

Language: Английский

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Biomolecular Markers of Recurrent Implantation Failure—A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(18), P. 10082 - 10082

Published: Sept. 18, 2021

Currently, infertility affects 8–12% of reproductive age couples worldwide, a problem that also women suffering from recurrent implantation failure (RIF). RIF is complex condition resulting many physiological and molecular mechanisms involving dynamic endometrium–blastocyst interaction. The most important are the endometrial receptivity process, decidualization, trophoblast invasion, blastocyst nesting. Although exact multifactorial pathogenesis remains unclear, studies have suggested association between hormone level imbalance, disturbances angiogenic immunomodulatory factors, certain genetic polymorphisms, occurrence RIF. These were performed in quite small groups. Additionally, results inconsistent ethnicities. present review briefly summarizes importance factors involved development could serve as diagnostic determinants. Moreover, our constitute part new platform for discovery novel therapeutic solutions

Language: Английский

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The Interplay between Candida albicans, Vaginal Mucosa, Host Immunity and Resident Microbiota in Health and Disease: An Overview and Future Perspectives

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 1211 - 1211

Published: May 5, 2023

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), which is primarily caused by Candida albicans, an infection that affects up to 75% of all reproductive-age women worldwide. Recurrent VVC (RVVC) defined as >3 episodes per year and nearly 8% globally. At mucosal sites the vagina, a delicate complex balance exists between spp., host immunity local microbial communities. In fact, both immune response microbiota composition play central role in counteracting overgrowth fungus maintaining homeostasis host. If this perturbed, conditions may favor C. albicans yeast-to-hyphal transition, predisposing VVC. To date, factors affect equilibrium spp. drive transition from commensalism pathogenicity are not yet fully understood. Understanding host- fungus-related pathogenesis paramount importance for development adequate therapeutic interventions combat common genital infection. This review focuses on latest advances pathogenic mechanisms implicated onset also discusses novel potential strategies, with special focus use probiotics vaginal transplantation treatment and/or prevention recurrent

Language: Английский

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The interaction between dietary fiber and gut microbiota, and its effect on pig intestinal health

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

Intestinal health is closely associated with overall animal and performance and, consequently, influences the production efficiency profit in feed systems. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) main site of nutrient digestive process largest immune organ host, gut microbiota colonizing GIT plays a key role maintaining intestinal health. Dietary fiber (DF) factor normal function. biological functioning DF mainly achieved by microbial fermentation, which occurs distal small large intestine. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), class fermentation metabolites, are energy supply for cells. SCFAs help to maintain function, induce immunomodulatory effects prevent inflammation infection, vital maintenance homeostasis. Moreover, because its distinct characteristics (e.g. solubility), able alter composition microbiota. Therefore, understanding that modulating microbiota, how it health, essential. This review gives an overview process, investigates effect on alteration pigs. interaction between particularly as they relate SCFA production, also illustrated.

Language: Английский

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Alterations in gut and genital microbiota associated with gynecological diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Abstract Background Increasing number of studies have demonstrated certain patterns microbial changes in gynecological diseases; however, the interaction between them remains unclear. To evaluate consistency or specificity across multiple on different diseases and alterations at sites body (gut genital tract), we conducted a systematic review meta-analysis. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Web Science, Cochrane Library up to December 5, 2022(PROSPERO: CRD42023400205). Eligible focused adult women, applied next-generation sequencing microbiome, reported outcomes including alpha beta diversity relative abundance. The random-effects model standardized mean difference (SMD) was using inverse-variance method for indices. Results Of 3327 unique articles, 87 eligible were included. Significant decreases found gut microbiome patients versus controls (observed species SMD=-0.35; 95%CI, -0.62 -0.09; Shannon index SMD=-0.23; -0.40 -0.06), whereas significant increases observed vaginal (Chao1 SMD = 1.15; 0.74 1.56; 0.51; 0.16 0.86). Most diagnostic categories showed no differences diversity. Disease observed, but almost all only replicated three studies, except increased Aerococcus bacterial vaginosis (BV). Patients with major shared enrichment Prevotella depletion Lactobacillus , an overlap microbes implied BV, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cancer. Conclusions These findings association microbiota diseases. most results rather than disease-specific alterations. Therefore, further investigation is required identify specific biomarkers diagnosis treatment future.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Microbiota in the Immunopathogenesis of Endometrial Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(10), P. 5756 - 5756

Published: May 20, 2022

The female reproductive tract hosts a specific microbiome, which plays crucial role in sustaining equilibrium and good health. In the majority of women, microbiota (all bacteria, viruses, fungi, other single-celled organisms within human body) vaginal cervical microenvironment are dominated by Lactobacillus species, benefit host through symbiotic relationships, comparison to uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, may contain low-biomass microbiome with diverse mixture microorganisms. Although disruption balance develops, altered immune metabolic signaling cause an impact on diseases such as cancer. These pathophysiological modifications gut–uterus axis spark gynecological cancers. New information displays that gastrointestinal dysbiosis (disruption homeostasis) can play active advancement metastasis neoplasms, cervical, endometrial, ovarian Understanding relationship between endometrial cancer is critical for prognosis, diagnosis, prevention, development innovative treatments. Identifying become effective method characterization involved carcinogenesis. aim this study was summarize current state knowledge describes correlation regard formation immunological pathologies.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the Impact of Polyethylene Nano/Microplastic Exposure on Human Vaginal Keratinocytes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(14), P. 11379 - 11379

Published: July 12, 2023

The global rise of single-use throw-away plastic products has elicited a massive increase in the nano/microplastics (N/MPLs) exposure burden humans. Recently, it been demonstrated that disposable period may release N/MPLs with usage, which represents potential threat to women's health not scientifically addressed yet. By using polyethyl ene (PE) particles (200 nm 9 μm), we showed acute high concentration induced cell toxicity vaginal keratinocytes after effective cellular uptake, as viability and apoptosis data suggest, along transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. internalised altered expression junctional adherence proteins organisation actin cortex, influencing level genes involved oxidative stress signalling pathways miRNAs related epithelial barrier function. When PE was discontinued or became chronic, cells were able recover from negative effects on differentiation/proliferation gene few days. However, all cases, N/MPL prompted sustained alteration DNA methyltransferase demethylase expression, might impact epigenetic regulation processes, leading accelerated ageing inflammation, occurrence malignant transformation.

Language: Английский

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Human Papilloma Virus: An Unraveled Enigma of Universal Burden of Malignancies

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 564 - 564

Published: April 6, 2023

HPV, or Human Papilloma Virus, has been the primary causative agent of genital warts and cervical cancer worldwide. It is a sexually transmitted infection mainly affecting women reproductive age group, also infecting men high-risk group individuals globally, resulting in high mortality. In recent years, HPV found to be major culprit behind anogenital cancers both gender oropharyngeal colorectal cancers. Few studies have reported incidence breast as well. For few decades, burden HPV-associated malignancies increasing at an alarming rate due lack adequate awareness, famine vaccine coverage hesitancy. The effectiveness currently available vaccines limited prophylactic efficacy does not prevent associated with post-exposure persistent infection. This review focuses on current malignancies, their causes strategies combat growing prevalence With advent new technologies treatment pertaining therapeutic interventions employing effective coverage, this disease may reduced population.

Language: Английский

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Does “all disease begin in the gut”? The gut-organ cross talk in the microbiome

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 108(1)

Published: May 21, 2024

Abstract The human microbiome, a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms within the body, plays pivotal roles in health and disease. This review explores site-specific microbiomes, their role maintaining health, strategies for upkeep, focusing on oral, lung, vaginal, skin, gut microbiota, systemic connections. Understanding intricate relationships between these microbial communities is crucial unraveling mechanisms underlying health. Recent research highlights bidirectional communication distant microbiome sites, influencing immune function, metabolism, disease susceptibility. Alterations one can impact others, emphasizing interconnectedness collective influence physiology. therapeutic potential microbiota modulating microbiomes offers promising avenues interventions targeting various disorders. Through interdisciplinary collaboration technological advancements, we harness power to revolutionize healthcare, microbiome-centric approaches promote holistic well-being while identifying areas future research.

Language: Английский

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