The Role of Methanogenic Archaea in Inflammatory Bowel Disease—A Review

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 196 - 196

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

Methanogenic archaea are a part of the commensal gut microbiota responsible for hydrogen sink and efficient production short-chain fatty acids. Dysbiosis methanogens is suspected to play role in pathogenesis variety diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Unlike bacteria, diversity seems be higher IBD patients compared healthy subjects, whereas prevalence abundance declines IBD, especially ulcerative colitis. To date, studies focusing on pediatric very limited; nevertheless, preliminary results provide some evidence that may influenced by chronic process IBD. In this review, we demonstrated development methanogenic community both adults children.

Language: Английский

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What makes a city breastfeeding friendly? A qualitative analysis of interviews with breastfeeding women from Europe and Asia

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0317374 - e0317374

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Background The warm chain of support is the continuous enabling environment from mother’s first contact with healthcare professionals during early pregnancy, birth and immediate post-partum period, her transition facility to home, through work community at large. A breastfeeding-friendly city should be able a breastfeeding journey across chain. Objective To determine women’s perspective an ideal city. Methods Between September 2021 January 2022, twenty-two women who were or had ever breastfed in last 5 years Ireland Malaysia interviewed. set selection criteria was applied ensure representation range characteristics known associated success: diverse age groups, experiences, culture socioeconomical background. One-on-one semi-structured online interviews conducted by author. Data analysed using Braun Clarke’s Thematic Analysis framework. Results One overarching theme front centre city, three major themes developed: 1. mothers feel supported when prioritised; 2. visible environment, it becomes normalized; 3. there need have seamless continuum chain, all levels society. Conclusions findings demonstrated importance prioritized, throughout journey. hopes aspirations expressed here would useful for cities consider developing implementing programmes as well guide development indicators

Language: Английский

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The Maternal Diet Index and Offspring Microbiota at 1 Month of Life: Insights from the Mediterranean Birth Cohort MAMI

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 314 - 314

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

Background: Maternal diet during pregnancy may play a role in infant health outcomes via the maternal microbiota. We assessed association of index for Mediterranean area (MDI-med) with gut microbiota at 1 month life. Methods: The MAMI study is longitudinal birth cohort area. In this work, cross-sectional study, including 120 mother–infant dyads available and 1-month-old data, was undertaken. MDI developed US (MDI-US) adapted (MDI-med). Stratification based on extreme values resulted (22 “lower” MDI-med group 23 “upper” from mean). Relative microbial abundances alpha (microbial richness diversity indexes) beta (Bray–Curtis distance matrix) were compared between groups. Results: Higher daily vegetable intake lower red meat characteristics group. Significantly (Shannon InvSimpson (p = 0.01)), but no changes (Chao1 index) nor beta-diversity, using Bray–Curtis distance, observed group, to A higher relative abundance Bifidobacterium genus (Actinomycetota phylum) associated yogurt intake. Conclusion: Reduced age scores. intakes vegetables gut. Further studies are needed understand link diet, microbiota, outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Metagenomic Characterisation of the Gut Microbiome and Effect of Complementary Feeding on Bifidobacterium spp. in Australian Infants

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 228 - 228

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Complementary feeding induces dramatic ecological shifts in the infant gut microbiota toward more diverse compositions and functional metabolic capacities, with potential implications for immune health. The aim of this study was to examine whether age at which solid foods are introduced differentially affects predominantly breastfed infants compared formula-fed infants. We performed whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing stool samples from a cohort six-month-old Australian enrolled nested within ORIGINS Project longitudinal birth cohort. Infants born preterm or those who had been administered antibiotics since were excluded. taxonomic composition highly variable among individuals age. Predominantly exhibited higher microbiome diversity than Among infants, introduction prior five months associated alpha food after six age, primarily due loss Bifidobacterium infantis. In contrast, not overall change but compositional changes Escherichia abundance. Examining capacity relation these changes, we found that elevated one-carbon compound pathways both although specific sub-pathways differed, likely reflecting different compositions. Our findings suggest commencement influences differently

Language: Английский

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FIGO guideline on liver disease and pregnancy

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 29, 2025

Abstract The number of women entering pregnancy with chronic liver disease is rising. Gestational disorders affect 3% the pregnant population. Both can be associated significant maternal and fetal morbidity mortality. European guidance has recently been published to inform management. This FIGO (the International Federation Gynecology & Obstetrics) guideline aims use latest evidence practice relevant a global immediate past present chairs FIGO's Committee on Impact Pregnancy Long‐term Health invited Chair guideline, alongside two trainees an interest in pregnancy, develop audience, thus serving real‐world population fulfilling ambition enhance their voice for women's health. Experts field experience managing from diverse selection continents helped guideline. includes most common pre‐existing gestational disorders. Evidence‐based best recommendations are summarized addition pragmatic recommendations. Printable tables/figures included ease use. These include table normal ranges commonly used blood tests, outlining safety investigations, delivery considerations audience. Figures designed summarize each section multidisciplinary approach also included. incorporates audience aimed at improving management new pregnancy.

Language: Английский

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Supplemented Infant Formula and Human Breast Milk Show Similar Patterns in Modulating Infant Microbiota Composition and Function In Vitro

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 1806 - 1806

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

The gut microbiota of healthy breastfed infants is often dominated by bifidobacteria. In an effort to mimic the infants, modern formulas are fortified with bioactive and bifidogenic ingredients. These ingredients promote optimal health development as well infant microbiota. Here, we used INFOGEST in vitro batch fermentation model investigate health-promoting effects a commercial formula supplemented blend containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (20 mg/100 kcal), polydextrose galactooligosaccharides (PDX/GOS) (4 g/L, 1:1 ratio), milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) (5 g/L), lactoferrin (0.6 Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, BB-12 (BB-12) (106 CFU/g). Using fecal inoculates from three assessed changes, effect, short-chain fatty (SCFA) production test compared those data obtained unsupplemented base breast control. Our results show that even after digestion formula, can still maintain its bioactivity modulate infants' composition, faster bifidobacterial growth, stimulate SCFAs. Thus, it may be concluded promotes SCFA profile something similar, but not identical infants.

Language: Английский

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The transgenerational effects of maternal low-protein diet during lactation on offspring

Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(8), P. 824 - 835

Published: April 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Selective human milk oligosaccharide utilization by members of the Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum taxon

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 24, 2024

ABSTRACT Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are essentially unaffected by the digestive enzymes of nursling and known for their ability to enrich certain microbial species in infant gut microbiota, particular bifidobacteria. HMO metabolism has been studied various bifidobacterial such as B. breve , bifidum, longum subsp. infantis . In current study, we describe differential growth abilities elicited twenty-three newly isolated Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum strains on HMOs, 2’-fucosyllactose (2’FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3FL), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT). Through gene-trait matching comparative genome analysis, identified genes involved degradation fucosylated HMOs this strain set, while employed a transcriptomic approach facilitate identification characterization associated LNT MM0196. A total 252 publicly available genomes taxon were screened homologs glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) here being required selected metabolism. From it is clear that all members possess degradation, variably present. IMPORTANCE Our findings allow better understanding complex interaction between its host provide roadmap toward future applications probiotic with focus health. Furthermore, our investigations have generated information role shaping thus also facilitating nutrition, potential extension into mature or adult microbiota. Supplementation result modulation bacterial communities higher relative abundance bifidobacteria, which turn enforces modulate immune functions strengthen intestinal barrier. This work may therefore inspire studies improve formulation neonatal nutritional products, aimed at development healthy system reducing differences microbiota composition observed breastfed formula-fed babies full-term preterm infants.

Language: Английский

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Childhood Nutritional Factors and Cardiometabolic Outcomes at 9–11 y of Age: Findings from the ROLO Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 120(4), P. 891 - 906

Published: July 27, 2024

Childhood represents a critical period of nutritional risk in the programming later chronic disease. Few longitudinal studies have explored repeated measures nutrition throughout first decade life relation to preteen cardiometabolic outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Research trends between childhood obesity and gut microbiota: a bibliometric analysis (2002–2023)

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Background In recent years, the prevalence of childhood obesity has escalated alarmingly, posing significant threats to physical and mental well-being children, with an elevated likelihood persisting into adulthood. Notably, investigations have uncovered a profound association between intestinal microbiota, crucial component internal milieu, obesity. Disturbances in microbiota their by-products are now understood be profoundly intertwined evolutionary pathway Bibliometric analysis offers deep understanding current research landscape, so we apply it review emerging trends patterns gut microbiota. Materials methods We conducted rigorous extensive search Web Science (WoS) Core Collection database, spanning years from 1900 2023, analyze scholarly articles pertaining Utilizing VOSviewer, CiteSpace, R package “bibliometrix,” online bibliometric platform ( https://bibliometric.com/ ), delved intricate details hotspots, academic collaborations, within this domain. Results The exhaustive encompassed globe, uncovering cumulative total 1,384 pertinent studies originating 429 nations. results were compelling, revealing influence exerted by United States China specific field research. Furthermore, was observed that volume works is steadily growing year on year. hot topics include “abuse,” “maltreatment,” “adverse experiences,” “students,” “food addiction”. Conclusion This comprehensive meticulous exploration evolving agendas over past two decades. It strives equip researchers thorough key nations, institutions, journals, potential collaborators these specialized fields. Additionally, sheds light frontiers strategic avenues for further exploration, thus serving as invaluable resource scholars delving deeper intricacies microbiome.

Language: Английский

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