An Overview of the Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Resistance

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1920 - 1920

Published: Sept. 21, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), frequently considered a major global public health threat, requires comprehensive understanding of its emergence, mechanisms, advances, and implications. AMR’s epidemiological landscape is characterized by widespread prevalence constantly evolving patterns, with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) creating new challenges every day. The most common mechanisms underlying AMR (i.e., genetic mutations, horizontal gene transfer, selective pressure) contribute to the emergence dissemination resistant strains. Therefore, mitigation strategies (e.g., antibiotic stewardship programs—ASPs—and infection prevention control strategies—IPCs) emphasize importance responsible antimicrobial use surveillance. A One Health approach interconnectedness human, animal, environmental health) highlights necessity for interdisciplinary collaboration holistic in combating AMR. Advancements novel therapeutics alternative agents vaccines) offer promising avenues addressing challenges. Policy interventions at international national levels also promote ASPs aiming regulate use. Despite all observed progress, remains pressing concern, demanding sustained efforts address emerging threats sustainability. Future research must prioritize innovative approaches complex socioecological dynamics This manuscript resource researchers, policymakers, healthcare professionals seeking navigate develop effective mitigation.

Language: Английский

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Plant-Derived Antimicrobials and Their Crucial Role in Combating Antimicrobial Resistance

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 746 - 746

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Antibiotic resistance emerged shortly after the discovery of first antibiotic and has remained a critical public health issue ever since. Managing in clinical settings continues to be challenging, particularly with rise superbugs, or bacteria resistant multiple antibiotics, known as multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. This rapid development compelled researchers continuously seek new antimicrobial agents curb resistance, despite shrinking pipeline drugs. Recently, focus shifted plants, fungi, lichens, endophytes, various marine sources, such seaweeds, corals, other microorganisms, due their promising properties. For this review, an extensive search was conducted across scientific databases, including PubMed, Elsevier, ResearchGate, Scopus, Google Scholar, encompassing publications from 1929 2024. review provides concise overview mechanisms employed by develop followed in-depth exploration plant secondary metabolites potential solution MDR pathogens. In recent years, interest plant-based medicines surged, driven advantageous However, additional research is essential fully understand action verify safety phytochemicals. Future prospects for enhancing use combating antibiotic-resistant pathogens will also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Biomedical Applications: A Review

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 794 - 794

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

The emergence of drug resistance genes and the detrimental health effects caused by overuse antibiotics are increasingly prominent problems. There is an urgent need for effective strategies to or antimicrobial in fields biomedicine therapeutics. pathogen-killing ability peptides (AMPs) linked their structure physicochemical properties, including conformation, electrical charges, hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity. AMPs a form innate immune protection found all life forms. A key aspect application involves potential combat emerging antibiotic resistance; certain against resistant microbial strains can be modified through peptide engineering. This review summarizes various used tackle resistance, with particular focus on role as agents that enhance host’s immunological functions. Most recent studies properties impregnation methods AMPs, along biomedical applications, discussed. provides researchers insights into latest advancements AMP research, highlighting compelling evidence effectiveness agents.

Language: Английский

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Green-Synthesized Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Inhibit and Eradicate the Biofilms of Pathogenic Bacteria Through Intracellular ROS Production

Microbiology Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 48 - 48

Published: Feb. 15, 2025

Objectives: Bacterial infections, mainly due to rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR), are an immense global health threat, complicating treatment, prolonging illness, and increasing mortality. The WHO lists AMR as one of the major threats human health. Biofilm plays a crucial role in AMR, protecting bacteria promoting resistance. Targeting biofilms improves antibiotic efficacy reduces chronic infections. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) have emerged promising candidate drug delivery, diagnostics, therapies their distinctive properties. Methods: Due challenge potential green-synthesized nanoparticles, this study investigates antibiofilm activity intracellular ROS production by TiO2-NPs produced from Linum usitatissimum seed extract. Results: crystal size LU-TiO2-NPs was determined 8.024 nm, TEM validated average particle 14.30 ± 5.93 nm. FTIR confirmed presence O-Ti-O bond near 684 cm−1. effectively inhibited biofilms, reducing Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 3160 Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 79.96% 71.85%, respectively. Microscopic analysis also showed reduction bacterial adherence colonization. This inhibition supported exopolysaccharides, biofilm component. likely mediated induction LU-TiO2-NPs. Furthermore, successfully eradicated established both Gram +ve −ve bacteria. Conclusion: findings demonstrate that hold significant promise tackling biofilm-associated infections may prove beneficial addressing escalating problem AMR.

Language: Английский

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Nanoparticles of Natural Product-derived Medicines: Beyond the Pandemic

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. e42739 - e42739

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

This review explores the synergistic potential of natural products and nanotechnology for viral infections, highlighting key antiviral, immunomodulatory, antioxidant properties to combat pandemics caused by highly infectious viruses. These often result in severe public health crises, particularly affecting vulnerable populations due respiratory complications increased mortality rates. A cytokine storm is initiated when an overload pro-inflammatory cytokines chemokines released, leading a systemic inflammatory response. Viral mutations limited availability effective drugs, vaccines, therapies contribute continuous transmission virus. The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has sparked renewed interest product-derived antivirals. efficacy traditional medicines against infections examined. Their anti-inflammatory, are highlighted. discusses how enhances herbal combating infections.

Language: Английский

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Combating infections under siege: Healthcare challenges amidst the military assault in Gaza

World Medical & Health Policy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Abstract The ongoing Israeli military assault on Gaza has caused a devastating collapse of healthcare infrastructure, resulting in an unprecedented surge infectious diseases. destruction sanitation systems, restrictions medical supplies, and displacement civilians have created environment conducive to the rapid spread waterborne, vector‐borne, antibiotic‐resistant infections. This paper draws from insights local Palestinian workers recent missions conducted by FAJR Scientific, Palestine American Medical Association, Doctors Without Borders, examining infection control efforts under extreme constraints. encountered major challenges, such as absence sterile equipment, inadequate access clean water, disrupted services. These conditions exacerbated diseases hepatitis, meningitis, polio, with severe impacts Gaza's pediatric population. Efforts implement measures, telemedicine consultations, wound care protocols, antibiotic stewardship, were heavily impeded blockade. underscores critical importance lifting siege allow humanitarian address root causes disease crisis Gaza. It also highlights resilience who continue provide these dire circumstances. recommendations outlined aim support future teams working conflict zones providing practical strategies for prevention amidst sustained violence. are contingent international intervention end systematic blockade that weaponized access.

Language: Английский

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Electrophysiological Insights into Antibiotic Translocation and Resistance: The Impact of Outer Membrane Proteins

Membranes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 161 - 161

Published: July 20, 2024

The alarming rise of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has emerged as a major global health challenge. A key factor contributing to this crisis is the low permeability bacterial outer membrane, which acts barrier that prevents antibiotics from entering cell. Protein channels embedded membrane selectively regulate influx hydrophilic compounds, including antibiotics. To combat resistance, understanding molecular mechanisms governing through crucial. This knowledge towards elucidating their roles studing resistance. By compiling and analysing flux data multiple electrophysiological reversal potential experimental studies, involves measuring zero-current potentials corresponding single-channel conductance, we can calculate charged antibiotics/compounds across different channels. Through comprehensive synthesis, review aims advance our stimulate discussions about physicochemical factors influencing protein channels, ultimately enhancing area.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms and implications of antibiotic resistance in gram-positive bacterial strains

Cellular and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 70(12), P. 147 - 151

Published: Jan. 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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Microbial inactivation and emission of volatile organic compounds in low-heat thermal treatment of infectious healthcare waste

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. e42287 - e42287

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive outline of antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic prescribing, and antimicrobial stewardship in South Africa: A scoping review protocol

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0316718 - e0316718

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Introduction The global prevalence of antimicrobial resistance transcends geographical and economic boundaries, affecting populations worldwide. Excessive incorrect use antibiotics encourages which leads to complex treatment strategies for infectious diseases possible failure treatment. unnecessary prescribing places a burden on healthcare costs thus, is evident globally as major public health concern. impact particularly pronounced in low middle-income countries, where limited access exacerbates the crisis. This scoping review aims comprehensively map evidence settings, encompassing exploration antibiotic practices implementation stewardship initiatives South Africa. Methodology protocol has been registered Open Science Framework ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PWMFB ). will consider all types study designs, conducted within Studies that are published English period 2019–2024, explore (AMR) Africa, including trends surveillance be included. Non-English publications, studies outside animal environmental excluded. criteria set by two reviewers. Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses Scoping (PRISMA-ScR) tool used. identified through an extensive search peer-reviewed grey literature databases. results tabulated include narrative synthesis findings.

Language: Английский

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