Noninvasive stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex modulates rationality of human decision-making DOI Open Access
Thomas Kroker, Mirosław Wyczesany, Maimu Alissa Rehbein

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2022

Summary The framing-effect is a bias that affects decision-making depending on whether the available options are presented with positive or negative connotations. Even when outcome of two choices equivalent, people have strong tendency to avoid negatively framed option because losses perceived about twice as salient gains same amount (i.e. loss-aversion). ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) crucial for rational decision-making, and dysfunctions in this region been linked cognitive biases, impulsive behavior gambling addiction. Using financial task combination magnetoencephalographic neuroimaging, we show excitatory compared inhibitory non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) vmPFC reduces framing-effects while improving assessment loss-probabilities, ultimately leading increased overall gains. Behavioral neural data consistently suggest improvement predominately consequence reduced loss-aversion. These findings recommend further research towards clinical applications vmPFC-tDCS addictive disorders.

Language: Английский

A shift in the mechanisms controlling hippocampal engram formation during brain maturation DOI
Adam I. Ramsaran, Ying Wang,

Ali Golbabaei

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 380(6644), P. 543 - 551

Published: May 4, 2023

The ability to form precise, episodic memories develops with age, young children only able gist-like that lack precision. cellular and molecular events in the developing hippocampus underlie emergence of episodic-like memory are unclear. In mice, absence a competitive neuronal engram allocation process immature precluded formation sparse engrams precise until fourth postnatal week, when inhibitory circuits mature. This age-dependent shift precision involved functional maturation parvalbumin-expressing interneurons subfield CA1 through assembly extracellular perineuronal nets, which is necessary sufficient for onset allocation, formation,

Language: Английский

Citations

75
The neurobiological basis of sex differences in learned fear and its inhibition DOI Creative Commons
Harriet L. L. Day, Carl W. Stevenson

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 52(1), P. 2466 - 2486

Published: Oct. 21, 2019

Abstract Learning that certain cues or environments predict threat enhances survival by promoting appropriate fear and the resulting defensive responses. Adapting to changing stimulus contingencies learning such no longer threat, distinguishing between these threat‐related other innocuous stimuli, also limiting responding in an manner conserve resources. Importantly, a failure inhibit response harmless stimuli is feature of anxiety trauma‐related disorders, which are associated with dysfunction neural circuitry underlying learned its inhibition. Interestingly, disorders up twice as common women, compared men. Despite this striking sex difference disease prevalence, neurobiological factors involved remain poorly understood. This due part majority relevant preclinical studies having neglected include female subjects alongside males, has greatly hindered progress field. However, more recent have begun redress imbalance emerging evidence indicates there significant differences inhibition circuit function. paper provides narrative review on through extinction discrimination, along key gonadal hormone brain mechanisms involved. Understanding endocrine basis may lead novel insights enhanced vulnerability develop anxiety‐related observed women.

Language: Английский

Citations

87
Sex differences in fear responses: Neural circuits DOI

Elizabeth P. Bauer

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 222, P. 109298 - 109298

Published: Oct. 31, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

45
New perspectives on sex differences in learning and memory DOI
Aaron W. Fleischer, Karyn M. Frick

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(9), P. 526 - 538

Published: July 25, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Sex Differences in the Development of the Rodent Corticolimbic System DOI Creative Commons

Hanista Premachandran,

Mudi Zhao,

Maithé Arruda-Carvalho

et al.

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 30, 2020

In recent years, a growing body of research has shown sex differences in the prevalence and symptomatology psychopathologies, such as depression, anxiety, fear-related disorders, all which show high incidence rates early life. This highlighted importance including female subjects animal studies, well delineating neural processing across development. Of particular interest is corticolimbic system, comprising hippocampus, amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex. rodents, these regions undergo dynamic changes life, disruption to their normative development believed underlie age sex-dependent effects stress on affective processing. this review, we consolidate cortex First, briefly introduce current principles sexual differentiation rodent brain. We then showcase regional volume, morphology, synaptic organization, cell proliferation, microglia, GABAergic signaling, explain how are influenced by perinatal pubertal gonadal hormones. compiling research, outline evidence what when emerge developing illustrate temporal dynamics its maturational trajectory may differ male rodents. will help provide insight into potential mechanisms underlying sex-specific critical windows for susceptibility behavioral emergence.

Language: Английский

Citations

64
On making (and turning adaptive to) maladaptive aversive memories in laboratory rodents DOI
Lucas Gazarini, Cristina Aparecida Jark Stern, Leandro J. Bertoglio

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 105101 - 105101

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Linking Social Cognition to Learning and Memory DOI Creative Commons
Héloïse Leblanc, Steve Ramirez

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 40(46), P. 8782 - 8798

Published: Nov. 11, 2020

Many mammals have evolved to be social creatures. In humans, the ability learn from others' experiences is essential survival; and an early age, individuals are surrounded by a environment that helps them develop variety of skills, such as walking, talking, avoiding danger. Similarly, in rodents, behaviors, food preference, exploration novel contexts, approach, can learned through interaction. Social encounters facilitate new learning help modify preexisting memories throughout lifespan organism. Moreover, buffer stress or effects negative memories, well extinguish maladaptive behaviors. Given importance interactions, there has been increasing work studying applying its concepts wide range fields, including psychotherapy medical sociology. The process learning, neural behavioral mechanisms, also rapidly growing field interest neuroscience. However, term “social learning” loosely applied psychological phenomena, often without clear definition delineations. Therefore, this review gives for specific aspects provides overview previous at circuit, systems, levels, finally, introduces findings on modulation learning. We contextualize processes brain both role hippocampus capacity engrams” brainwide realization experiences. With integration technologies, optogenetics, chemogenetics, calcium imaging, manipulating engrams will likely offer therapeutic target enhance positive buffering inhibit fear-inducing stimuli models anxiety post-traumatic disorder.

Language: Английский

Citations

47
A shift in the mechanisms controlling hippocampal engram formation during brain maturation DOI Open Access
Adam I. Ramsaran, Ying Wang,

Ali Golbabaei

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

The ability to form precise, episodic memories develops with age, young children only able gist-like that lack precision. cellular and molecular events in the developing hippocampus underlie emergence of episodic-like memory formation are unclear. In mice, absence a competitive neuronal engram allocation process immature precluded sparse engrams precise until fourth postnatal week, when inhibitory circuits mature. This age-dependent shift precision involved functional maturation parvalbumin-expressing interneurons subfield CA1 by extracellular perineuronal nets which is necessary sufficient for onset allocation, formation, One-Sentence Summary Episodic-like requires hippocampal matrix.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Diminished social memory and hippocampal correlates of social interactions in chronic social defeat stress susceptibility DOI Creative Commons
Amanda Larosa, Tian Rui Zhang, Alice S. Wong

et al.

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100455 - 100455

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Behavioral Expression of Contextual Fear in Male and Female Rats DOI Creative Commons
Amanda S. Russo, Ryan G. Parsons

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 18, 2021

The study of fear conditioning has led to a better understanding and anxiety-based disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite the fact many these are more common in women than men, vast majority work investigating rodents been conducted males. goal presented here was understand how biological sex affects contextual expression. To this end, rats both sexes were trained specific context responses measured upon re-exposure context. In first experiment, male female given tested next day during which freezing behavior measured. second similar fashion while fear-potentiated startle defecation We found that males showed females expression test. did not differ between sexes, exhibited test novel These data suggest defensive differs highlight importance using multiple measures when comparing sexes.

Language: Английский

Citations

25