The burden and risks of emerging complications of diabetes mellitus

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(9), P. 525 - 539

Published: June 6, 2022

Language: Английский

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SGLT2 Inhibition via Empagliflozin Improves Endothelial Function and Reduces Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress: Insights From Frail Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients

Hypertension, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 79(8), P. 1633 - 1643

Published: July 13, 2022

Frailty is a multidimensional condition often diagnosed in older adults with hypertension and diabetes, both these conditions are associated endothelial dysfunction oxidative stress. We investigated the functional role of SGLT2 (sodium glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitor empagliflozin frail diabetic hypertensive adults.

Language: Английский

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Peripheral apoE4 enhances Alzheimer’s pathology and impairs cognition by compromising cerebrovascular function

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 1020 - 1033

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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WNT-β Catenin Signaling as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status and Future Perspective

Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 89 - 89

Published: June 25, 2023

Wnt/β-catenin (WβC) signaling pathway is an important for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis from embryonic developmental stages to adulthood. The canonical WβC essential neurogenesis, cell proliferation, and whereas noncanonical (WNT/Ca2+ WNT/PCP) responsible polarity, calcium maintenance, migration. Abnormal regulation involved in pathogenesis several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Huntington's (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple (MS), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Hence, alteration considered a potential therapeutic target treatment disease. In present review, we have used bibliographical information PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus address current prospects role abovementioned diseases.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Derived from Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer's Disease

Aging and Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 1252 - 1252

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are important metabolites derived from the gut microbiota through fermentation of dietary fiber. SCFAs participate a number physiological and pathological processes in human body, such as host metabolism, immune regulation, appetite regulation. Recent studies on gut-brain interaction have shown that mediators interactions involved occurrence development many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. This review summarizes current research potential roles mechanisms AD. First, we introduce metabolic distribution, specific receptors signaling pathways body. The concentration levels AD patient/animal models then summarized. In addition, illustrate effects cognitive level, features (Aβ tau) neuroinflammation Finally, analyze translational value therapeutic targets for treatment

Language: Английский

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The promise of music therapy for Alzheimer's disease: A review

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 1516(1), P. 11 - 17

Published: July 18, 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative associated with cognitive decline. Memory problems are typically among the first signs of impairment in AD, and they worsen considerably as progresses. However, musical memory partially spared patients despite severe deficits episodic (and partly semantic) memory. AD can learn new songs, encode novel verbal information, react emotionally to music. These effects music have encouraged use development therapy (MT) for management. MT easy implement well-tolerated by most their caregivers. Effects include improved mood, reduced depressive scores trait anxiety, enhanced autobiographical recall, fluency, cognition. Here, we review therapeutic studies using on potential mechanisms underlying those effects. We argue that, because begins decades before presentation clinical symptoms, interventions might be promising means delay decelerate neurodegeneration individuals at risk such genetic or subjective

Language: Английский

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Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Diseases and the Gut-Brain Axis: The Potential of Therapeutic Targeting of the Microbiome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 9577 - 9577

Published: May 31, 2023

The human gut microbiome contains the largest number of bacteria in body and has potential to greatly influence metabolism, not only locally but also systemically. There is an established link between a healthy, balanced, diverse overall health. When becomes unbalanced (dysbiosis) through dietary changes, medication use, lifestyle choices, environmental factors, ageing, this profound effect on our health linked many diseases, including metabolic inflammatory neurological diseases. While humans largely association dysbiosis with disease, animal models, causative can be demonstrated. brain particularly important maintaining health, strong neurodegenerative neurodevelopmental This suggests that microbiota composition used make early diagnosis diseases modifying microbiome-gut-brain axis might present therapeutic target for have proved intractable, aim altering trajectory such as Alzheimer's Parkinson's multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity among others. other potentially reversible migraine, post-operative cognitive dysfunction, long COVID, which considered models therapy disease. role traditional methods microbiome, well newer, more novel treatments faecal transplants photobiomodulation, are discussed.

Language: Английский

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Endothelial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 2909 - 2909

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

The cerebral vascular system stringently regulates blood flow (CBF). components of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) protect brain from pathogenic infections and harmful substances, efflux waste, exchange substances; however, diseases develop in cases vessel injuries BBB dysregulation. Vascular pathology is concurrent with mechanisms underlying aging, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), dementia (VaD), which suggests its involvement these mechanisms. Therefore, present study, we reviewed role dysfunction aging neurodegenerative diseases, particularly AD VaD. During development aforementioned changes occur morphology local cells, which, turn, alter CBF, fluid dynamics, integrity. Chronic inflammation dysregulation further exacerbate dysfunction. Multitudinous processes affect cerebrovascular system, whose causes cognitive impairment. Knowledge regarding pathophysiology molecular may lead to discovery clinically relevant biomarkers, facilitate imaging for prevention treatment.

Language: Английский

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Epilepsy and epileptiform activity in late-onset Alzheimer disease: clinical and pathophysiological advances, gaps and conundrums

Nature Reviews Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 162 - 182

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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The relationship between inflammation, impaired glymphatic system, and neurodegenerative disorders: A vicious cycle

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 192, P. 106426 - 106426

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

The term "glymphatic" emerged roughly a decade ago, marking pivotal point in neuroscience research. glymphatic system, glial-dependent perivascular network distributed throughout the brain, has since become focal of investigation. There is increasing evidence suggesting that impairment system appears to be common feature neurodegenerative disorders, and this exacerbates as disease progression. Nevertheless, factors contributing dysfunction across most disorders remain unclear. Inflammation, however, suspected play role. Dysfunction can lead significant accumulation protein waste products, which trigger inflammation. interaction between inflammation cyclical potentially synergistic. Yet, current research limited, there lack comprehensive models explaining association. In perspective review, we propose novel model inflammation, impaired function, interconnected vicious cycle. By presenting experimental from existing literature, aim demonstrate that: (1) aggravates dysfunction, (2) exacerbated progression, (3) progression promotes Finally, implication proposed discussed.

Language: Английский

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