Low-Power Perovskite Neuromorphic Synapse with Enhanced Photon Efficiency for Directional Motion Perception

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 22303 - 22311

Published: April 16, 2024

The advancement of artificial intelligent vision systems heavily relies on the development fast and accurate optical imaging detection, identification, tracking. Framed by restricted response speeds low computational efficiency, traditional optoelectronic information devices are facing challenges in real-time tasks their ability to efficiently process complex visual data. To address limitations current devices, this study introduces a novel photomemristor utilizing halide perovskite thin films. fabrication involves adjusting iodide proportion enhance quality films minimize dark current. exhibits high external quantum efficiency over 85%, which leads energy consumption 0.6 nJ. spike timing-dependent plasticity characteristics device leveraged construct spiking neural network achieve 99.1% accuracy rate directional perception for moving objects. notable results offer promising hardware solution efficient optoneuromorphic edge computing applications.

Language: Английский

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Sensorimotor and proprioceptive exercise programs to improve balance in older adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis

European Journal of Translational Myology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

The primary aim of this study was to systematically review and meta-analyze the impact sensorimotor proprioceptive exercises on balance in older adults. We also sought define how researchers describe sensory-motor training their respective protocols. conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with searches performed March 2023. Both authors carried out independent using PubMed PEDro databases. From a total 320 identified records, 12 studies were deemed eligible for meta-analysis after screening removal duplicates. average score 5.11 ± 1.11 indicating overall fair quality studies. Common outcome measures included Berg scale, Timed up go test, Tinetti Functional reach test various single-leg stance tests. All outcomes significantly improved by interventions (standard mean difference = 0.65 – 1.29), little between training. However, evidence ranged from “very low” “low” based GRADE suggesting further high-quality are needed. This underscores potential benefits enhancing adults, while highlighting ambiguity inconsistency regarding usage terms

Language: Английский

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Spinal cord associative plasticity improves forelimb sensorimotor function after cervical injury

Brain, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 145(12), P. 4531 - 4544

Published: Sept. 5, 2022

Associative plasticity occurs when two stimuli converge on a common neural target. Previous efforts to promote associative have targeted cortex, with variable and moderate effects. In addition, the circuits are inferred, rather than tested directly. contrast, we sought target strong convergence between motor sensory systems in spinal cord. We developed cord plasticity, precisely timed pairing of cortex dorsal stimulations, this interaction. hypothesis that properly paired stimulation would strengthen sensorimotor connections improve recovery after injury. physiological effects stimulation, pathways mediate it, its function preclinical trial. Subthreshold strongly augmented evoked muscle potentials at time they were paired, but only arrived synchronously This effect depended both cortical descending proprioceptive afferents; selective inactivation either these fully abrogated effect. Spinal repetitive for 5 or 30 min awake rats, increased excitability hours ended. To apply as therapy, optimized parameters long-lasting was just rats cervical injury uninjured demonstrating spared sufficient support plasticity. blinded trial, received C4 contusive Ten days injury, randomized each day 10 sham stimulation. Rats had significantly improved primary outcome measure, test dexterity during manipulation food, 50 persistently stronger responses indicating locus After near normalization H-reflex modulation. The groups no difference rat grimace scale, measure pain. conclude strengthens within cord, resulting partial reflex modulation forelimb Since performed routinely humans, approach can be trialled people other disorders damage impair dexterity.

Language: Английский

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Imaging the structural connectome with hybrid MRI-microscopy tractography

Medical Image Analysis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 102, P. 103498 - 103498

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Decoding the brain-machine interaction for upper limb assistive technologies: advances and challenges

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Understanding how the brain encodes upper limb movements is crucial for developing control mechanisms in assistive technologies. Advances technologies, particularly Brain-machine Interfaces (BMIs), highlight importance of decoding motor intentions and kinematics effective control. EEG-based BMI systems show promise due to their non-invasive nature potential inducing neural plasticity, enhancing rehabilitation outcomes. While BMIs intention kinematics, studies indicate inconsistent correlations with actual or planned movements, posing challenges achieving precise reliable prosthesis Further, variability predictive EEG patterns across individuals necessitates personalized tuning improve efficiency. Integrating multiple physiological signals could enhance precision reliability, paving way more strategies. Studies have shown that activity adapts gravitational inertial constraints during movement, highlighting critical role adaptation biomechanical changes creating devices. This review aims provide a comprehensive overview recent progress deciphering associated both assisted avenues future exploration neurorehabilitation brain-machine interface development.

Language: Английский

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Sensorimotor integration and faces recognition in a model of altered face sensory information: neurophysiological study in patients with dentofacial deformities

Clinical Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 173, P. 113 - 123

Published: March 9, 2025

To explore the excitability and sensory motor integration of face masticatory primary cortex (M1), recognition expressions in individuals with dentofacial deformities (IDD). Short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), short-afferent (SAI) M1, blink reflex (FER) ability were assessed 18 healthy subjects (HS) (24.56 ± 1.02 years old) IDD (27.36 1.39 years) before after 1 month from surgery. In IDD, SICI (p = 0.033) SAI 0.008) significantly reduced masticatory, but not face, M1 was normal. also exhibited deficits FER surgery 0.033), which still present 0.015), although improved. Results evidence that alterations afferents due to modulates sensorimotor topographic specificity. The altered information only influences inhibitory control FER. inputs outputs depends topographically on type stimulated as well target muscle its respective representation area M1. Afferent plays a role ability.

Language: Английский

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Evaluating the Effects of Sensorimotor Training on the Physical Capacities of Older People

European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 50 - 50

Published: April 1, 2025

Background: Physical activity (PA) plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life (QoL) older people, particularly by enhancing their balance and movement coordination. Objective: This study aimed to assess effects sensorimotor training intervention adults. Methods: A total 90 participants, divided into Control Group (n = 44) Experimental 46) were involved 24-week program. The physical capacities participants assessed both before after Strength flexibility measured using “Rikli Jones” protocol (1999), while agility speed through “Timed-up-and-go” tests. Taking account participants’ gender, descriptive analysis sample was conducted describe data mean standard deviation. Student’s T test performed compare differences between groups according first second collection moments (before intervention). Jamovi software (v. 2.5.2.0) used develop statistical analysis, p-value less than 0.05 significance. Results: showed significant improvements across all analyzed variables following (p < 0.005), indicating substantial gains capacities. In contrast, “sitting reaching” did not show difference highlighting lack improvement without intervention. According effect size sample, it observed that parameters “reach behind your back (right)” (left)” highest comparing (ES: 0.60, 0.71). Conclusions: findings highlight practical clinical impact implementing tailored programs for Such interventions are critical QoL, reducing risk falls, injuries, chronic illnesses, promoting overall health, independence, well-being. Integrating routine care people can support healthy aging functional independence.

Language: Английский

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Effects and mechanisms of synchronous virtual reality action observation and electrical stimulation on upper extremity motor function and activities of daily living in patients with stroke: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 4, 2025

Background Existing rehabilitation techniques are not satisfactory in improving motor function after stroke, resulting heavy social burdens. With discovery of mirror neuron system (MNS), action observation (AO) has become a promising strategy to promote learning rehabilitation. Based on MNS theory and virtual reality (VR) technology, we designed an innovative rehabilitative approach: synchronous 360° VR video AO (VRAO) neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). We hypothesized that VRAO+NMES could enhance activation, thus improve upper limb activities daily living stroke survivors. Methods To explore the efficacy mechanism VRAO+NMES, this single center, evaluator blinded, prospective, two arm parallel group randomized controlled trial with 1:1 allocation ratio. The experiment will receive while control landscape combined NMES. Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity is primary outcome study, Brunstrom Recovery Stages Extremity, Manual Muscle Test, Range Motion, Modified Barthel Index, Functional Independence Measure secondary outcomes. In addition, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) surface electromyography (sEMG) be used evaluate activation brain regions related muscles, respectively. Discussion Applying therapy (AOT) popular, another study direction AOT combine it peripheral stimulations simultaneously. Due its full immersive characteristic multi-sensory input, videos based motivation engagement level participants. fNIRS sEMG test results may act as good biomarkers predict outcomes, helping select suitable candidates new intervention. Conclusion provide evidence feasibility potential clinical rehabilitation, applicability generalize use hospital, community, home settings. Clinical registration https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=178276 , Identifier [ChiCTR2200063552].

Language: Английский

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Neurobiomechanical Characterization of Feedforward Phase of Gait Initiation in Chronic Stroke: A Linear and Non-Linear Approach

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 4762 - 4762

Published: April 25, 2025

Postural control arises from the complex interplay of stability, adaptability, and dynamic adjustments, which are disrupted post-stroke, emphasizing importance examining these mechanisms during functional tasks. This study aimed to analyze complexity variability postural in post-stroke individuals feedforward phase gait initiation. A cross-sectional analyzed 17 16 matched controls. Participants had a unilateral ischemic stroke chronic could walk independently. Exclusions included cognitive impairments, recent surgery, neurological/orthopedic conditions. Kinematic kinetic data were collected 10 self-initiated trials centre pressure (CoP) dynamics joint angles (−600 ms +50 ms). 12-camera motion capture system (Qualisys, Gothenburg, Sweden) recorded full-body kinematics using 72 reflective markers placed on anatomical landmarks lower limbs, pelvis, trunk, upper limbs. Ground reaction forces measured via force plates (Bertec, Columbus, OH, USA) compute CoP variables. Linear (displacement, amplitude, velocity) non-linear (Lyapunov exponent—LyE multiscale entropy—MSE) measures applied assess variability. Mann–Whitney U tests (p < 0.05). The group showed greater displacement 0.05) reduced velocity = 0.021). Non-linear analysis indicated LyE values adaptability position amplitude across scales In sagittal plane, higher head, with MSE Frontal plane findings increased ankle, transverse exaggerated rotational patterns observed hip, alongside convergence Stroke survivors exhibit linear variability, indicating instability, complexity, reflecting limited adaptability. These results highlight need for rehabilitation strategies that address both stability time scales.

Language: Английский

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Balance Adaptation While Standing on a Compliant Base Depends on the Current Sensory Condition in Healthy Young Adults

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 25, 2022

Several investigations have addressed the process of balance adaptation to external perturbations. The during unperturbed stance has received little attention. Further, whether current sensory conditions affect rate not been established. We role vision and haptic feedback on while standing foam.In 22 young subjects, analysis geometric (path length sway area) spectral variables (median frequency mean level both total spectrum selected windows) oscillation centre feet pressure (CoP) identified effects vision, light-touch (LT) or in anteroposterior (AP) mediolateral (ML) direction over 8 consecutive 90 s trials.Adaptation was obvious without (eyes closed; EC) tenuous with open; EO). With trial repetition, path median diminished EC (p < 0.001) area increased 0.001). low- high-frequency range decreased AP ML directions, respectively. Touch compared no-touch enhanced increase low-frequency power 0.05). Spectral differences distinct persisted after adaptation.Balance occurs foam. Adaptation leads a progressive amplitude lowest frequencies concurrent decrease range. Within this common behaviour, touch adds its stabilising action modest effect rate. Stabilisation is improved by favouring slow oscillations at expense minimisation. These findings are preliminary problems persons deficits, ageing, peripheral central nervous lesion.

Language: Английский

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