Switching neuron contributions to second network activity

Journal of Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Network flexibility is important for adaptable behaviors. This includes neuronal switching, where neurons alter their network participation, including changing from single- to dual-network activity. Understanding the implications of switching requires determining how a neuron interacts with each its networks. Here, we tested 1) whether "home" and second networks, operating via divergent rhythm generation mechanisms, regulate neuron, 2) if recruited modulation intrinsic properties, contributes or pattern in new network. Small, well-characterized feeding-related networks (pyloric, ~1 Hz; gastric mill, ~0.1 Hz) identified modulatory inputs make isolated crab ( Cancer borealis) stomatogastric nervous system (STNS) useful model study switching. In particular, neuropeptide Gly 1 -SIFamide switches lateral posterior (LPG) (2 copies) pyloric-only dual-frequency pyloric/gastric mill (fast/slow) activity LPG properties. Using current injections manipulate activity, found that but not pyloric, regulated intrinsically generated slow bursting. Conversely, selective elimination both using photoinactivation revealed firing frequencies was necessary coordination. However, alone sufficient produce distinct Thus, modulated properties underlying participation may constrain which can Further, recruitment occur states it actively contribute output.

Language: Английский

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Neuropeptide Modulation of Bidirectional Internetwork Synapses

Journal of Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 132(1), P. 184 - 205

Published: May 22, 2024

Neuromodulation can enable neurons to simultaneously coordinate with separate networks. Both recruitment into, and coordination with, a second network occur via modulation of internetwork synapses. Alternatively, intrinsic ionic currents. We find that the same neuropeptide previously determined modulate currents also modulates bidirectional synapses are typically ineffective. Thus, complementary modulatory peptide actions neuron into network.

Language: Английский

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Neuropeptide Modulation Enables Biphasic Inter-network Coordination via a Dual-Network Neuron

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 20, 2024

Abstract Linked rhythmic behaviors, such as respiration/locomotion or swallowing/chewing often require coordination for proper function. Despite its prevalence, the cellular mechanisms controlling of underlying neural networks remain undetermined in most systems. We use stomatogastric nervous system crab Cancer borealis to investigate inter-network coordination, due small, well characterized feeding-related (gastric mill [chewing, ∼0.1 Hz]; pyloric [filtering food, ∼1 Hz]). Here, we between these during Gly 1 -SIFamide neuropeptide modulatory state. activates a unique triphasic gastric rhythm which typically pyloric-only LPG neuron generates dual pyloric- plus mill-timed oscillations. Additionally, exhibits shorter cycles rhythm-timed bursts, and longer IC, IC LG bursts. Photoinactivation revealed that is necessary shorten cycle period, likely through rectified electrical coupling pacemaker neurons. Hyperpolarizing current injections demonstrated although bursting enables only bursts are prolong period. Surprisingly, photoinactivation also eliminated prolonged cycles, without changing firing frequency burst duration, suggesting via synaptic inhibition LPG, indirectly slows pacemakers coupling. Thus, same dual-network directly conveys excitation from endogenous funnels enable one network alternately decrease increase period related network. Significance Statement Related behaviors frequently exhibit yet coordinating not determined investigated two well-characterized crustacean feeding-associated neuropeptide-elicited find fast/slow shortens fast slow, intrinsically generated pacemakers, despite rectification favoring opposite direction. another slow-network phase, chemical funneled synapse. reinforces diminishes actions, enabling distinct frequencies faster across different phases slower rhythm.

Language: Английский

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Two conserved vocal central pattern generators broadly tuned for fast and slow rates generate species-specific vocalizations in Xenopus clawed frogs

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 15, 2023

Across phyla, males often produce species-specific vocalizations to attract females. Although understanding the neural mechanisms underlying behavior has been challenging in vertebrates, we previously identified two anatomically distinct central pattern generators (CPGs) that drive fast and slow clicks of male Xenopus laevis, using an ex vivo preparation produces fictive . Here, extended this approach four additional species, X. amieti, cliivi, petersii, tropicalis, by developing brain from which are elicited response a chemical or electrical stimulus. We found even though courtship calls species-specific, CPGs used generate conserved across species. The CPGs, critically rely on reciprocal connections between parabrachial nucleus ambiguus, among fast-click shared slow-click In addition, our results suggest testosterone plays role organizing but not Moreover, inherited all species monopolized genus have evolved utilizing and/or each

Language: Английский

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Thermal acclimation and habitat-dependent differences in temperature robustness of a crustacean motor circuit

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Introduction At the cellular level, acute temperature changes alter ionic conductances, ion channel kinetics, and activity of entire neuronal circuits. This can result in severe consequences for neural function, animal behavior survival. In poikilothermic animals, particularly aquatic species whose core equals surrounding water temperature, neurons experience rather rapid wide-ranging fluctuations. Recent work on pattern generating circuits crustacean stomatogastric nervous system have demonstrated that exhibit an intrinsic robustness to However, considering increased warming oceans recurring heatwaves due climate change, question arises whether this acclimate changing environmental conditions, it differs between ocean habitats. Methods We address these questions using pyloric two crab species, Hemigrapsus sanguineus Carcinus maenas seen a worldwide expansion recent decades. Results discussion Consistent with their history as invasive we find showed broad (>30°C). Moreover, temperature-robust range was dependent habitat both species. Warm-acclimating animals shifted critical at which circuit breaks down higher temperatures. came cost against cold stimuli H. , but not C. . Comparing responses from latitude (the North Sea) those warm (Spain) similar shifts occurred natural environments. Our results thus demonstrate correlates with, responds to, potentially preparing ecological conditions shifting

Language: Английский

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Neuropeptide Modulation of Bidirectional Internetwork Synapses

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 16, 2023

Abstract Oscillatory networks underlying rhythmic motor behaviors, and sensory complex neural processing, are flexible, even in their neuronal composition. Neuromodulatory inputs enable neurons to switch participation between networks, or participate multiple simultaneously. Neuromodulation of internetwork synapses can both recruit coordinate a switching neuron second network. We previously identified an example which is recruited into dual-network activity via peptidergic modulation intrinsic properties. now ask whether the same neuropeptide also modulates for coordination. The crab ( Cancer borealis ) stomatogastric nervous system contains two well-defined feeding-related (pyloric, food filtering, ∼1 Hz; gastric mill, chewing, ∼0.1 Hz). projection MCN5 uses Gly 1 -SIFamide pyloric-only LPG dual pyloric plus mill-timed bursting LPG’s Descending input not required coordinated rhythm, thus intra-network its network must underlie coordination among these neurons. However, mill have been documented. Using two-electrode voltage clamp recordings, we found that graded synaptic currents (LG, IC, DG) were primarily negligible saline, but enhanced by -SIFamide. Further, entrain each other during application, indicating bidirectional, functional connectivity. Thus, mediates through parallel actions, modulating properties it as shown here, bidirectional New Noteworthy be simultaneously with separate networks. Both recruitment into, with, occur synapses. Alternatively, ionic currents. find determined modulate typically ineffective. complementary modulatory peptide actions

Language: Английский

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Neuropeptide Modulation Enables Biphasic Internetwork Coordination via a Dual-Network Neuron

eNeuro, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. ENEURO.0121 - 24.2024

Published: June 1, 2024

Linked rhythmic behaviors, such as respiration/locomotion or swallowing/chewing, often require coordination for proper function. Despite its prevalence, the cellular mechanisms controlling of underlying neural networks remain undetermined in most systems. We use stomatogastric nervous system crab Cancer borealis to investigate internetwork coordination, due small, well-characterized feeding-related (gastric mill [chewing, ∼0.1 Hz]; pyloric [filtering food, ∼1 Hz]). Here, we between these during Gly 1 -SIFamide neuropeptide modulatory state. activates a unique triphasic gastric rhythm which typically pyloric-only LPG neuron generates dual pyloric-plus mill-timed oscillations. Additionally, exhibits shorter cycles rhythm-timed bursts, and longer IC, IC plus LG bursts. Photoinactivation revealed that is necessary shorten cycle period, likely through rectified electrical coupling pacemaker neurons. Hyperpolarizing current injections demonstrated although bursting enables only bursts are prolong period. Surprisingly, photoinactivation also eliminated prolonged cycles, without changing firing frequency burst duration, suggesting via synaptic inhibition LPG, indirectly slows pacemakers coupling. Thus, same dual-network directly conveys excitation from endogenous funnels enable one network alternately decrease increase period related network.

Language: Английский

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Electrical Synapse Rectification Enables Dual-Network Activity in the crab Cancer borealis

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

Flexibility of rhythmic networks includes neuromodulator-elicited changes in neuronal participation between networks. We are examining the role rectifying electrical synapses this switching. Electrical can have complex, non-intuitive effects on network output. However, it is often difficult to measure and manipulate rectification across conditions determine their functional contributions. Here, we use Jonah crab Cancer borealis investigate well-described In an established modulatory state, stimulating projection neuron MCN5 or bath applying its neuropeptide Gly1-SIFamide causes two LPG neurons switch from pyloric rhythm-only (food filtering, 1 Hz) activity dual gastric mill rhythm (chewing, 0.1 activity. Typically, co-active with PD single AB pacemaker due coupling. Gly1-SIFamide, continues burst time AB/PD but periodically escapes generates intrinsic longer-duration mill-timed bursts, decreasing overall synchrony AB/PD, while retain synchronous timing. Using two-electrode voltage clamp recordings, find that does not alter coupling strength AB/PD. a computational model, necessary for escape generate longer, bursts. This was confirmed biological system by adding dynamic non-rectifying synapse PD, which decreased Thus, electrically coupled oscillators underlie modulator-elicited synchrony.

Language: Английский

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The System for Measuring Gait Parameters and Rehabilitation of Spinal Rats

Acta Physica Polonica A, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 146(4), P. 476 - 482

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Switching Neuron Contributions to Second Network Activity

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 7, 2023

Abstract Network flexibility is important for adaptable behaviors. This includes neuronal switching, where neurons alter their network participation, including changing from single-to dual-network activity. Understanding the implications of switching requires determining how a neuron interacts with each its networks. Here, we tested 1) whether “home” and second networks, operating via divergent rhythm generation mechanisms, regulate neuron, 2) if recruited modulation intrinsic properties, contributes to or pattern in new network. Small, well-characterized feeding-related networks (pyloric, ∼1 Hz; gastric mill, ∼0.1 Hz) identified modulatory inputs make isolated crab ( Cancer borealis ) stomatogastric nervous system (STNS) useful model study switching. In particular, neuropeptide Gly 1 -SIFamide switches lateral posterior (LPG) (2 copies) pyloric-only dual-frequency pyloric/gastric mill (fast/slow) activity LPG properties. Using current injections manipulate activity, found that but not pyloric, regulated intrinsically generated slow bursting. Conversely, selective elimination both using photoinactivation revealed firing frequencies was necessary coordination. However, alone sufficient produce distinct Thus, modulated properties underlying participation may constrain which can Further, recruitment occur states it actively contribute output. New Noteworthy We used small, investigate interactions between rhythmic switch participation. For into only Additionally, coordinate neurons, levels. regulation be selective, necessarily simply follower additional

Language: Английский

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