Chitosan: An overview of biological activities, derivatives, properties, and current advancements in biomedical applications

Carbohydrate Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 542, P. 109199 - 109199

Published: June 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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Role of nanoparticles in enhancing chemotherapy efficacy for cancer treatment

Next Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2, P. 100128 - 100128

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This article is an overview of the current state nanoparticles because their emerging usage in cancer treatment, covering that have been authorized for use therapy currently undergoing clinical testing. Recent advances nanoparticle engineering, coupled with enhanced understanding critical attributes (size, shape, and surface properties) conjunction biological systems, present novel prospects therapeutic development. Although inorganic metallic are gaining recognition studies due to potential usefulness but nanomaterials primarily polymeric, liposomal, nano crystal based dominate therapy. Polymeric (NPs) contain specific ligands, such as polyglycolic acid (PGA) polylactic (PLA), which a chemical affinity malignant cells target tumors. Nanocrystals stand out high loading efficiency, stability, extended drug release, capacity deliver poorly soluble medications. The limitations conventional chemotherapy overcome variety applications improved care by metal-based nanoparticles, either used alone or combination. dynamic nature nanotechnology drives continued developments like protein-based micelles. Polymer lipid encapsulation within nanocrystals becoming more popular, suggesting long-term trend. advancement marks significant breakthrough life-saving nanotechnology, particularly sets stage pioneering nanomedicine.

Language: Английский

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Clinical applications and therapeutic potentials of advanced nanoparticles: a comprehensive review on completed human clinical trials

Frontiers in Nanotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Oct. 21, 2024

Nanoparticles are attractive therapeutic tools due to their distinctive characteristics, including more accurate drug delivery, improved bioavailability, and enhanced targeted therapy. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of the potentials cutting-edge nanoparticles as demonstrated in human clinical trials, based on empirical evidence. Through systematic searches major scientific databases, relevant studies published up March 2024 were included, focusing trials utilizing advanced for purposes. The discusses diverse applications oncology, infectious diseases, neurology, other medical fields. Additionally, it scrutinizes safety profiles, efficacy outcomes, challenges associated with nanoparticle-based therapies. findings underscore significant progress translating nanoparticle research into practice highlight potential these innovative platforms revolutionize treatments. contributes valuable insights growing field therapeutics, fostering deeper understanding implications practice.

Language: Английский

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Injecting hope: the potential of intratumoral immunotherapy for locally advanced and metastatic cancer

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Despite enormous progress, advanced cancers are still one of the most serious medical problems in current society. Although various agents and therapeutic strategies with anticancer activity known used, they often fail to achieve satisfactory long-term patient outcomes survival. Recently, immunotherapy has shown success patients by harnessing important interactions between immune system cancer. However, many these therapies lead frequent side effects when administered systemically, prompting treatment modifications or discontinuation or, severe cases, fatalities. New approaches like intratumoral immunotherapy, characterized reduced effects, cost, systemic toxicity, offer promising prospects for future applications clinical oncology. In context locally metastatic cancer, combining diverse immunotherapeutic other targeting multiple cancer hallmarks appears crucial. Such combination hold promise improving survival promoting a sustained response. This review aims provide overview approaches, specifically focusing on administration drugs cancers. It also explores integration modalities maximize Additionally, summarizes recent advances discusses novel outlining directions field.

Language: Английский

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Flavonoids and Flavonoid-Based Nanoparticles for Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Management

BioChem, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 38 - 61

Published: March 13, 2024

Arthritis, a global health burden comprising osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, demands advanced therapeutic approaches. In this context, flavonoids, diverse group of naturally occurring compounds abundant in fruits, vegetables, medicinal plants, have emerged as promising candidates for mitigating the inflammatory processes associated with arthritic conditions. This review aims, first, to provide comprehensive exploration potential focusing on specific such quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), apigenin, luteolin, fisetin, silibinin, kaempferol, naringenin, myricetin. The second section delves into anti-arthritic activities these drawing insights from clinical trials scientific studies. Each flavonoid is scrutinized individually elucidate its mechanisms action efficacy context both arthritis. third highlights challenges harnessing flavonoids anti-inflammatory purposes. Bioavailability limitations pose significant hurdle, prompting innovative strategies use nanoparticles delivery vehicles. response challenges, fourth focuses emerging field flavonoid-based nanoparticles. includes detailed discussions EGCG, naringenin-based nanoparticles, highlighting formulation preclinical evidence supporting their arthritis management. targeted sites synergistic combinations other are also discussed avenues enhance impact flavonoids. consolidates current knowledge nanoformulations interventions By addressing presenting future research directions, aims contribute advancement effective alleviating

Language: Английский

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Engineering a pH‐responsive polymeric micelle co‐loaded with paclitaxel and triptolide for breast cancer therapy

Cell Proliferation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57(6)

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Abstract Breast cancer has overtaken lung as the number one worldwide. Paclitaxel (PTX) is a widely used first‐line anti‐cancer drug, but it not very effective in clinical breast therapy. It been reported that triptolide (TPL) can enhance anticancer effect of paclitaxel, and better synergistic therapeutic effects are seen with concomitant administration PTX TPL. In this study, we developed pH‐responsive polymeric micelles for co‐delivery TPL, which disassembling acidic tumour microenvironments to target drug release effectively kill cells. Firstly, synthesized amphiphilic copolymer mPEG 2000 ‐PBAE through Michael addition reaction, confirmed by various characterizations. Polymer loaded TPL (TPL/PTX‐PMs) were prepared thin film dispersion method. The average particle size TPL/PTX‐PMs was 97.29 ± 1.63 nm, PDI 0.237 0.003 Zeta potential 9.57 0.80 mV, LC% 6.19 0.21%, EE% 88.67 3.06%. Carrier material biocompatibility micelle cytotoxicity assessed using CCK‐8 method, demonstrating excellent biocompatibility. Under same concentration, most toxic cells had strongest proliferation inhibitory effect. Cellular uptake assays revealed significantly increased intracellular concentration enhanced antitumor activity. Overall, micellar promising approach

Language: Английский

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Advances in Doxorubicin-based nano-drug delivery system in triple negative breast cancer

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

Triple positive breast cancer (TPBC) is one of the most aggressive cancer. Due to unique cell phenotype, aggressiveness, metastatic potential and lack receptors or targets, chemotherapy choice treatment for TNBC. Doxorubicin (DOX), representative agents anthracycline chemotherapy, has better efficacy in patients with TNBC (mTNBC). DOX anthracycline-based regimens have higher response rates. Nano-drug delivery systems possess targeting ability co-load, deliver release chemotherapeutic drugs, active gene fragments immune enhancing factors effectively inhibit kill tumor cells. Therefore, advances nano-drug therapy attracted a considerable amount attention from researchers. In this article, we reviewed progress (e.g., Nanoparticles, Liposomes, Micelles, Nanogels, Dendrimers, Exosomes, etc.) applied We also summarize current clinical trials combined checkpoint inhibitors (ICIS) The merits, demerits future development nanomedicine are envisioned, aim providing new class safe efficient thoughts

Language: Английский

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Inorganic nanoparticle-cored dendrimers for biomedical applications: A review

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. e29726 - e29726

Published: April 16, 2024

Hybrid nanostructures exhibit a synergistic combination of features derived from their individual components, showcasing novel characteristics resulting distinctive structure and chemical/physical properties. Surface modifiers play pivotal role in shaping INPs' primary attributes, influencing physicochemical properties, stability, functional applications. Among these modifiers, dendrimers have gained attention as highly effective multifunctional agents for INPs, owing to unique structural qualities, dendritic effects, Dendrimers can be seamlessly integrated with diverse inorganic nanostructures, including metal NPs, carbon silica QDs. Two viable approaches achieving this integration involve either growing or grafting dendrimers, nanostructure-cored dendrimers. The initial step involves functionalizing the nanostructures' surface, followed by generation through stepwise growth attachment pre-synthesized dendrimer branches. This hybridization imparts superior qualities structure, biocompatibility, solubility, high cargo loading capacity, substantial functionalization potential. Combining properties those nanostructure cores creates system suitable applications such theranostics, bio-sensing, component isolation, chemotherapy, cargo-carrying review summarizes recent developments, specific focus on last five years, within realm It delves into INPs explores potential INP-cored biomedical

Language: Английский

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Phytonanoparticles as novel drug carriers for enhanced osteogenesis and osseointegration

Discover Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Abstract Phytonanoparticles have emerged as a promising class of biomaterials for enhancing bone regeneration and osseointegration, offering unique advantages in biocompatibility, multifunctionality, sustainability. This comprehensive review explores the synthesis, characterization, applications phytonanoparticles tissue engineering. The green synthesis approach, utilizing plant extracts reducing stabilizing agents, yields nanoparticles with intrinsic bioactive properties that can synergistically promote osteogenesis. We examine mechanisms by which phytonanoparticles, particularly those derived from gold, silver, zinc oxide, influence key molecular pathways osteogenesis, including RUNX2 Osterix signaling. discusses advanced strategies phyto-nanoparticle design, such surface functionalization stimuli-responsive release mechanisms, enhance their efficacy applications. Preclinical studies demonstrating improved osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, mineralization are critically analyzed, along emerging clinical data. Despite results, scalability, standardization, regulatory approval challenges persist. also addresses economic environmental implications production. Looking ahead, we identify research directions, developing personalized therapies, combination approaches stem cells or gene delivery, long-term safety assessments. By harnessing power plant-derived nanomaterials, represent an innovative approach to addressing complex regeneration, potential spanning dental, orthopedic, maxillofacial surgery. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Harnessing nanotechnology for cancer treatment

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Nanotechnology has become a groundbreaking innovation force in cancer therapy, offering innovative solutions to the limitations of conventional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation. By manipulating materials at nanoscale, researchers have developed nanocarriers capable targeted drug delivery, improving therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity. Nanoparticles like liposomes, dendrimers, polymeric nanomaterials shown significant promise delivering chemotherapeutic agents directly tumor sites, enhancing bioavailability minimizing damage healthy tissues. In addition with utilization tools quantum dots nanosensors that enables more precise identification biomarkers, nanotechnology is also playing pivotal role early detection diagnosis. Furthermore, nanotechnology-based strategies, including photothermal gene therapy immunotherapy are novel ways combat by selectively targeting cells immune response. Nevertheless, despite these progressions, obstacles still persist, particularly clinical translation technologies. Issues nanoparticle toxicity, biocompatibility, complexity regulatory approval hinder widespread adoption nanomedicine oncology. This review discusses different applications highlighting its potential hurdles implementation. Future research needs concentrate on addressing unlock full providing personalized, effective, minimally invasive treatments.

Language: Английский

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