Causal relationship between gut microbiota and gastrointestinal diseases: a mendelian randomization study

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Abstract Background Recent research increasingly highlights a strong correlation between gut microbiota and the risk of gastrointestinal diseases. However, whether this relationship is causal or merely coincidental remains uncertain. To address this, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was undertaken to explore connections prevalent Methods Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for microbiota, encompassing diverse range 211 taxa (131 genera, 35 families, 20 orders, 16 classes, 9 phyla), were sourced from comprehensive MiBioGen study. Genetic associations with 22 diseases gathered UK Biobank, FinnGen study, various extensive GWAS studies. MR meticulously conducted assess genetically predicted these validate reliability our findings, sensitivity analyses tests heterogeneity systematically performed. Results The yielded significant evidence 251 relationships This included 98 upper diseases, 81 lower 54 hepatobiliary 18 pancreatic Notably, particularly evident in belonging genera Ruminococcus Eubacterium . Further reinforced robustness results. Conclusions findings indicate potential genetic predisposition linking These insights pave way designing future clinical trials focusing on microbiome-related interventions, including use microbiome-dependent metabolites, potentially treat manage their associated factors.

Language: Английский

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Edible plant-derived extracellular vesicles serve as promising therapeutic systems

Nano TransMed, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(2-3), P. 100004 - 100004

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are natural nanocarriers characterized by a phospholipid bilayer structure, released living cells. They play crucial role in the intercellular transport of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites, facilitating substance delivery information exchange between In light recent numerous studies, EVs has been found to transcend their basic as mere vehicle. Instead, they demonstrate an impressive array biological activities, displaying preventive therapeutic potential mitigating various pathological processes encompassing cancer, neoplastic proliferation, infectious diseases, oxidative trauma. Particularly, derived from edible plants (EPDEVs) have emphasized for extensive range physiological regulatory functions animals humans, with targeted drug through oral administration. Leveraging these advantages, EPDEVs expected excellent competitiveness clinical applications or healthcare products. This review provides brief overview biogenesis, composition EPDEVs, summarizes mechanisms. It also analyzes methods isolating purifying plant-EVs, assessing advantages disadvantages; discusses latest advancements biomedical applications, concludes prospective insight into research development directions EPDEVs.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles and their therapeutic applications: a review article (part1)

International Journal of Physiology Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 1 - 9

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a captivating field of study in molecular biology with diverse applications therapeutics. These small membrane-bound structures, released by cells into the extracellular space, play vital role intercellular communication and hold immense potential for advancing medical treatments. EVs, including exosomes, microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, are classified based on size biogenesis pathways, exosomes being most extensively studied. The aim this was to examine secretory pathway discuss methods employing them laboratory models. therapeutic EVs has garnered significant attention. Their unique properties, such stability, biocompatibility, capacity traverse biological barriers, make promising vehicles targeted drug delivery. By engineering carry specific cargo molecules, proteins, interfering Ribonucleic Acid (RNAs) (siRNAs), or anti-cancer drugs, researchers can enhance stability improve their delivery tissues. This approach minimize off-target effects increase efficacy, offering more precise effective treatment strategy. represent rapidly evolving implications. communication, delivery, regenerative medicine makes valuable tools As our understanding EV continues expand, we expect remarkable advancements that will revolutionize lead personalized therapies.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic strategy of biological macromolecules based natural bioactive compounds of diabetes mellitus and future perspectives: A systematic review

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. e24207 - e24207

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

High blood glucose levels are a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome known as diabetes mellitus. More than 600 million people will have by 2045 global prevalence disease continues to rise. Contemporary antidiabetic drugs reduce hyperglycemia and its consequences. However, these come with undesirable side effects, so it's encouraging that research into plant extracts bioactive substances characteristics is on Natural remedies preferable conventional anti-diabetic since they safer for body, more affordable fewer potential adverse effects. Biological macromolecules such liposomes, niosomes, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoemulsions metallic nanoparticles explored in this review. Current drug restrictions been addressed, effectiveness plant-based therapies has enhanced merits methods. Plant extracts' loading capacity carriers' stability primary obstacles developing nanocarriers. Hydrophilic, hydrophobic, amphiphilic covered, brief overview amphipathic features phospholipids, nanocarriers provided. Metallic nanoparticles' benefits attendant risks highlighted emphasize their efficiency treating hyperglycemia. Researchers interested loaded therapeutics may find current helpful

Language: Английский

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Biomaterials for inflammatory bowel disease: treatment, diagnosis and organoids

Applied Materials Today, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36, P. 102078 - 102078

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Ferulic acid ameliorates ulcerative colitis in a rat model via the inhibition of two LPS-TLR4-NF-κB and NF-κB-INOS-NO signaling pathways and thus alleviating the inflammatory, oxidative and apoptotic conditions in the colon tissue

Inflammopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(5), P. 2587 - 2597

Published: July 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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Medicinal Plants, Phytochemicals and Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 728 - 728

Published: June 6, 2023

Ongoing research explores the underlying causes of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Many experts suggest that dysbiosis in gut microbiota genetic, immunological, environmental factors play significant roles. The term “microbiota” pertains to collective community microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, reside within gastrointestinal tract, with a particular emphasis on colon. When there is an imbalance or disruption composition microbiota, it referred as dysbiosis. Dysbiosis can trigger inflammation intestinal cells disrupt innate immune system, leading oxidative stress, redox signaling, electrophilic inflammation. Nod-like Receptor (NLR) Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, key regulator found immunological epithelial cells, crucial inducing inflammatory diseases, promoting responses regulating integrity epithelium. Its downstream effectors include caspase-1 interleukin (IL)-1β. present study investigated therapeutic potential 13 medicinal plants, such Litsea cubeba, Artemisia anomala, Piper nigrum, Morus macroura, Agrimonia pilosa, 29 phytocompounds artemisitene, morroniside, protopine, ferulic acid, quercetin, picroside II, hydroxytyrosol vitro vivo models bowel diseases (IBD), focus their effects NLRP3 inflammasome. observed these treatments included reductions IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, interferon-gamma, caspase levels, increased expression antioxidant enzymes, IL-4, IL-10, well regulation microbiota. These could potentially provide substantial advantages treating IBD few no adverse caused by synthetic anti-inflammatory immunomodulated drugs. However, additional necessary validate findings clinically develop effective benefit individuals who suffer from diseases.

Language: Английский

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The role of complex interactions between the intestinal flora and host in regulating intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 14, 2023

Pharmacological treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is inefficient and difficult to discontinue appropriately, enterobacterial interactions are expected provide a new target for the IBD. We collected recent studies on among host, enterobacteria, their metabolite products discuss potential therapeutic options. Intestinal flora in IBD affected reduced bacterial diversity, impact immune system influenced by multiple factors such as host genetics diet. Enterobacterial metabolites SCFAs, bile acids, tryptophan also play important roles interactions, especially progression Therapeutically, wide range sources probiotics prebiotics exhibit benefit through some have gained recognition adjuvant drugs. Different dietary patterns foods, functional novel modalities that distinguish pro-and from traditional medications. Combined with food science may significantly improve experience patients In this review, we brief overview role enterobacteria advantages disadvantages options derived metabolites, postulate directions further research.

Language: Английский

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Exploring new avenues of health protection: plant-derived nanovesicles reshape microbial communities

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: May 19, 2024

Abstract Symbiotic microbial communities are crucial for human health, and dysbiosis is associated with various diseases. Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) have a lipid bilayer structure contain lipids, metabolites, proteins, RNA. They offer unique advantages in regulating community homeostasis treating diseases related to compared traditional drugs. On the one hand, lipids on PDNVs serve as primary substances that mediate specific recognition uptake by bacteria. other due multifactorial nature of PDNVs, they potential enhance growth survival beneficial bacterial while simultaneously reducing pathogenicity harmful In addition, capacity modulate metabolism, thus facilitating establishment harmonious equilibrium promoting stability within microbiota. These remarkable attributes make promising therapeutic approach conditions, including periodontitis, inflammatory bowel disease, skin infection However, challenges such consistency, isolation methods, storage need be addressed before clinical application. This review aims explore value provide recommendations their use novel agents health protection. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Revolutionizing cardiovascular health: exploring the extracellular vesicles

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 139 - 155

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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