International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(13), P. 7191 - 7191
Published: June 29, 2024
Hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC)
is
the
most
frequent
among
primary
liver
tumors
(90%)
and
one
of
main
causes
cancer-related
death.
It
develops
usually
in
a
chronically
inflamed
environment,
ranging
from
compensatory
parenchymal
regeneration
to
fibrosis
cirrhosis:
carcinogenesis
can
potentially
happen
each
these
stages.
Inflammation
determined
by
chronic
viral
infection
(hepatitis
B,
hepatitis
C,
delta
viruses)
represents
an
important
risk
factor
for
HCC
etiology
through
both
direct
damage
immune-related
mechanisms.
The
deregulation
physiological
immunological
network
lead
carcinogenesis.
recent
introduction
immunotherapy
as
gold-standard
first-line
treatment
highlights
role
immune
system
inflammation
double-edged
weapon
treatment.
In
this
review
we
highlight
how
key
hepatocarcinogenesis
viral,
alcohol
metabolic
diseases.
Journal of Digestive Diseases,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(2), P. 78 - 90
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Inflammatory
bowel
disease
(IBD),
mainly
comprising
ulcerative
colitis
and
Crohn's
disease,
is
a
group
of
gradually
progressive
diseases
bringing
significant
mental
anguish
imposes
serious
economic
burdens.
Interplay
genetic,
environmental,
immunological
factors
have
been
implicated
in
its
pathogenesis.
Nutrients,
as
crucial
environmental
determinants,
encompassing
carbohydrates,
fats,
proteins,
micronutrients,
are
closely
related
to
the
pathogenesis
development
IBD.
Nutrition
essential
for
maintaining
dynamic
balance
intestinal
eco‐environments
ensure
barrier
immune
homeostasis,
while
this
can
be
disrupted
easily
by
maladjusted
nutrition.
Research
has
firmly
established
that
nutrition
potential
shape
composition
function
gut
microbiota
affect
course.
Unhealthy
diet
eating
disorders
lead
dysbiosis
further
destroy
such
disruption
membrane
integrity
increased
permeability,
thereby
triggering
inflammation.
Notably,
appropriate
nutritional
interventions,
Mediterranean
diet,
positively
modulate
microecology,
which
may
provide
promising
strategy
future
IBD
prevention.
In
review,
we
insights
into
interplay
between
effects
on
present
some
previously
overlooked
lines
evidence
regarding
role
derived
metabolites
processes,
trimethylamine
N‐oxide
imidazole
propionate.
Furthermore,
reducing
risk
onset
exacerbation
modifying
discuss
several
outstanding
challenges
opportunities
study.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(3), P. 1747 - 1747
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
The
gastrointestinal
(GI)
tract
of
multicellular
organisms,
especially
mammals,
harbors
a
symbiotic
commensal
microbiota
with
diverse
microorganisms
including
bacteria,
fungi,
viruses,
and
other
microbial
eukaryotic
species.
This
exerts
an
important
role
on
intestinal
function
contributes
to
host
health.
microbiota,
while
benefiting
from
nourishing
environment,
is
involved
in
the
development,
metabolism
immunity
host,
contributing
maintenance
homeostasis
GI
tract.
immune
system
orchestrates
key
features
host–microbe
symbiosis
via
unique
immunological
network
that
populates
wall
different
cell
populations.
Intestinal
epithelium
contains
lymphocytes
intraepithelial
(IEL)
space
between
tight
junctions
basal
membrane
gut
epithelium.
IELs
are
mostly
CD8+
T
cells,
great
majority
them
expressing
CD8αα
homodimer,
γδ
receptor
(TCR)
instead
αβ
TCR
expressed
conventional
cells.
cells
play
significant
surveillance
tissue
maintenance.
review
provides
overview
how
regulates
influence
microbiota-derived
metabolites
responses,
highlighting
their
impact
homeostasis.
It
also
discusses
neuro-immune
regulation
possess
ability
interact
both
brain.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(13), P. 7191 - 7191
Published: June 29, 2024
Hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC)
is
the
most
frequent
among
primary
liver
tumors
(90%)
and
one
of
main
causes
cancer-related
death.
It
develops
usually
in
a
chronically
inflamed
environment,
ranging
from
compensatory
parenchymal
regeneration
to
fibrosis
cirrhosis:
carcinogenesis
can
potentially
happen
each
these
stages.
Inflammation
determined
by
chronic
viral
infection
(hepatitis
B,
hepatitis
C,
delta
viruses)
represents
an
important
risk
factor
for
HCC
etiology
through
both
direct
damage
immune-related
mechanisms.
The
deregulation
physiological
immunological
network
lead
carcinogenesis.
recent
introduction
immunotherapy
as
gold-standard
first-line
treatment
highlights
role
immune
system
inflammation
double-edged
weapon
treatment.
In
this
review
we
highlight
how
key
hepatocarcinogenesis
viral,
alcohol
metabolic
diseases.
