Agronomy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(5), P. 1072 - 1072
Published: April 28, 2025
Cold
stress,
as
an
environmental
factor
that
seriously
restricts
the
growth,
production
and
survival
of
plants,
has
received
extensive
attention
in
recent
years.
Nitric
oxide
(NO),
important
bioactive
molecule,
emerged
a
research
focus
domain
alleviating
plant
cold
damage.
In
this
review,
role
NO
enhancing
tolerance
its
underlying
mechanisms,
including
interactions
with
signaling
molecules,
are
discussed
more
extensively,
novel
directions
prospects
proposed
according
to
existing
gaps.
Interestingly,
exogenous
mitigates
stress
by
strengthening
antioxidant
defense
raising
proline
levels,
photosynthetic
capacity,
regulating
glucose
metabolism.
More
importantly,
also
interacts
cytoplasmic
calcium
ions
(Ca2+),
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
glutathione
(GSH),
melatonin
(MT),
abscisic
acid
(ABA),
ethylene
(ETH)
hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S).
At
same
time,
process
it
regulates
expression
synthesis
genes,
response
genes
related
thereby
improving
which
may
involve
epigenetic
reprogramming.
This
paper
points
out
problems
current
potential
agricultural
practice,
provides
relevant
theoretical
references
for
future
field.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 110 - 110
Published: Jan. 13, 2025
Cold
stress
strongly
hinders
plant
growth
and
development.
However,
the
molecular
physiological
adaptive
mechanisms
of
cold
tolerance
in
plants
are
not
well
understood.
Plants
adopt
several
morpho-physiological
changes
to
withstand
stress.
have
evolved
various
strategies
cope
with
These
included
cellular
membranes
chloroplast
structure,
regulating
signals
related
phytohormones
regulators
(ABA,
JA,
GA,
IAA,
SA,
BR,
ET,
CTK,
MET),
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
protein
kinases,
inorganic
ions.
This
review
summarizes
how
respond
stress,
covering
four
main
signal
transduction
pathways,
including
abscisic
acid
(ABA)
pathway,
Ca2+
ROS
mitogen-activated
kinase
(MAPK/MPK)
cascade
pathway.
Some
transcription
factors,
such
as
AP2/ERF,
MYB,
WRKY,
NAC,
bZIP,
only
act
calmodulin-binding
proteins
during
perception
but
can
also
play
important
roles
downstream
chilling-signaling
highlights
analysis
those
factors
bHLH,
especially
bHLH-type
ICE,
discusses
their
functions
phytohormone-responsive
elements
binding
promoter
region
under
In
addition,
a
theoretical
framework
outlining
responses
has
been
proposed.
theory
aims
guide
future
research
directions
inform
agricultural
production
practices,
ultimately
enhancing
crop
resilience
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: March 22, 2024
Low
temperature
is
a
type
of
abiotic
stress
affecting
the
tomato
(
Solanum
lycopersicum
)
growth.
Understanding
mechanisms
and
utilization
exogenous
substances
underlying
plant
tolerance
to
cold
would
lay
foundation
for
improving
resilience
in
this
important
crop.
Our
study
aiming
investigate
effect
glycine
betaine
(GB)
on
seedlings
increase
low
temperatures.
By
treating
with
GB
under
stress,
we
found
that
30
mmol/L
can
significantly
improve
seedlings.
Exogenous
influence
enzyme
activity
antioxidant
defense
system
ROS
levels
leaves.
The
treatment
presented
higher
Fv/Fm
value
photochemical
compared
control.
Moreover,
analysis
high-throughput
phenotyping
also
supported
protect
photosynthetic
stress.
In
addition,
proved
increased
content
endogenous
abscisic
acid
(ABA)
decreased
gibberellin
(GA)
levels,
which
protected
tomatoes
from
Meanwhile,
transcriptional
showed
regulated
expression
genes
involved
capacity,
calcium
signaling,
photosynthesis
activity,
energy
metabolism-related
pathway-related
plants.
conclusion,
our
findings
indicated
GB,
as
cryoprotectant,
enhance
by
system,
hormone
response
pathway
so
on.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(3), P. 1157 - 1157
Published: Jan. 29, 2025
Low-temperature
stress,
including
chilling
and
freezing
injuries,
significantly
impacts
plant
growth
in
tropical
temperate
regions.
Plants
respond
to
cold
stress
by
activating
mechanisms
that
enhance
tolerance,
such
as
regulating
photosynthesis,
metabolism,
protein
pathways
producing
osmotic
regulators
antioxidants.
Membrane
stability
is
crucial,
with
cold-resistant
plants
exhibiting
higher
lipid
unsaturation
maintain
fluidity
normal
metabolism.
Low
temperatures
disrupt
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
leading
oxidative
damage,
which
mitigated
antioxidant
defenses.
Hormonal
regulation,
involving
ABA,
auxin,
gibberellins,
others,
further
supports
adaptation.
also
manage
balance
accumulating
like
proline
sugars.
Through
complex
regulatory
pathways,
the
ICE1-CBF-COR
cascade,
optimize
gene
expression
survive
ensuring
adaptability
conditions.
This
study
reviews
recent
advancements
genetic
engineering
technologies
aimed
at
enhancing
resistance
of
agricultural
crops.
The
goal
provide
insights
for
improving
tolerance
developing
new
cold-tolerant
varieties.
Horticulture Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
12(4)
Published: Jan. 2, 2025
Abstract
Cold
stress
profoundly
affects
the
growth,
development,
and
productivity
of
horticultural
crops.
Among
diverse
strategies
plants
employ
to
mitigate
adverse
effects
cold
stress,
flavonoids
have
emerged
as
pivotal
components
in
enhancing
plant
resilience.
This
review
was
written
systematically
highlight
critical
role
tolerance,
aiming
address
increasing
need
for
sustainable
practices
under
climate
stress.
We
provide
a
comprehensive
overview
tolerance
crops,
emphasizing
their
biosynthesis
pathways,
molecular
mechanisms,
regulatory
aspects
conditions.
discuss
how
act
antioxidants,
scavenging
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
generated
during
they
regulate
gene
expression
by
modulating
stress-responsive
genes
pathways.
Additionally,
we
explore
application
through
genetic
engineering
breeding
strategies,
offering
insights
into
practical
interventions
improving
crop
Despite
significant
advances,
research
gap
remains
understanding
precise
mechanisms
which
specific
confer
resistance,
especially
across
different
species.
By
addressing
current
knowledge
gaps,
proposing
future
directions
highlighting
implications
horticulture,
aim
advance
enhance
