Epistemic mistrust mediates the association between childhood maltreatment and impairments in mentalizing in a sample of university students

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 107436 - 107436

Published: April 2, 2025

Mentalizing is linked to mental health development and psychosocial functioning. Identifying understanding the factors that may be associated with ineffective mentalizing crucial for creating targeted or psychotherapeutic interventions. This exploratory study assesses whether experiences of childhood maltreatment, along attachment insecurity epistemic mistrust, are limitations in abilities. A total 382 primarily young adults from different universities completed questionnaires about their maltreatment (retrospectively assessed), insecurity, mentalizing, using a cross-sectional design. All participants were pursuing degree educational fields. Structural equation modeling was applied test hypothesized framework. There significant positive associations between mistrust (β = 0.32 [0.17-0.46], p .001), 0.29 [0.18-0.40], < .001). Epistemic fully mediated relationship 0.17 [0.08-0.28], However, did not mediate this link. sheds light on impairments, though it limited by its nature, reliance self-reporting, uniformity sample mainly female, universities. The preliminary findings suggest role might have been overemphasized previously. Moreover, link deficits appears more intricate, as study. support notion addressing interventions designed improve abilities compromised.

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Epistemic Trust in Mentalization-Based Treatment of Borderline Psychopathology

Journal of Personality Disorders, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(5), P. 633 - 659

Published: Oct. 1, 2023

Building on the notion of epistemic trust as facilitating social learning, in this article we clarify how interventions from mentalization-based treatment (MBT) for borderline personality disorder generate process. We suggest first that being mentalized is a critical cue interactions to establish and second mistrust may represent final common pathway through which aversive relational experiences past exert their influence treatments—both disposition patient characteristic therapist-patient encounter. By charting MBT initial assessment formulation, individual group therapy sessions, re-engaging with wider environment, examine each these can “we-mode,” an interpersonal experience associated unlocks barrier posed by vigilance. In addition, implications mentalizing rupture repair within therapeutic relationship are discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Mentalizing and epistemic trust as critical success factors in psychosomatic rehabilitation: results of a single center longitudinal observational study

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 12, 2023

Background Inpatient psychosomatic rehabilitation is a key treatment for patients with mental health issues. However, knowledge about critical success factors beneficial outcomes scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association mentalizing and epistemic trust improvement psychological distress during rehabilitation. Methods In naturalistic longitudinal observational study, completed routine assessments (BSI), health-related quality life (HRQOL; WHODAS), (MZQ), (ETMCQ) before (T1) after (T2) Repeated measures ANOVA (rANOVAs) structural equation models (SEMs) were calculated investigate in distress. Results A total sample n = 249 included study. Improvement correlated depression ( r 0.36), anxiety 0.46), somatization 0.23), as well improved cognition social functioning 0.33), participation 0.48; all p &lt; 0.001). Mentalizing partially mediated changes between T1 T2: direct decreased from β 0.69 0.57 explained variance increased 47 61%. Decreases mistrust (β 0.42, 0.18–0.28; 0.001) credulity 0.19, 0.29–0.38; increases significantly predicted mentalizing. good model fit found χ 2 3.248, 0.66; CFI 0.99; TLI RMSEA 0.000). Conclusion identified factor inpatient component increase context mistrust.

Language: Английский

---

Epistemic trust: a comprehensive review of empirical insights and implications for developmental psychopathology

Research in Psychotherapy Psychopathology Process and Outcome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(3)

Published: Dec. 20, 2023

Originally rooted in philosophy and sociology, the concept of epistemic trust has recently transitioned to developmental psychopathology, illuminating social-cognitive processes psychopathology. This narrative review synthesizes empirical evidence on inform future research. A literature search highlighted 3 areas: i) development selective children; ii) non-clinical adults; iii) its link mental health. Young children demonstrate learning from reliable sources using cues. Empirical studies beyond childhood were greatly facilitated last 2 years with introduction Epistemic Trust, Mistrust Credulity Questionnaire, a self-report scale measuring stance. Cross-sectional pinpointed dysfunctional strategies as factors health vulnerability, some qualitative work offered initial linking restored effective psychotherapy. For research, we propose focusing primary areas. First, investigations adolescent samples are needed, adolescence seems be pivotal phase trust. Second, more experimental research is required assess functional stances how they relate vulnerability disorders. Finally, intervention should explore dynamics within between therapy sessions their impact therapeutic outcomes.

Language: Английский

---

Improvements of complex post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms during a multimodal psychodynamic inpatient rehabilitation treatment – results of an observational single-centre pilot study

European journal of psychotraumatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 5, 2024

Background: Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) describes chronic disturbances in self-organization (i.e. affect dysregulation; negative self-concept; severe difficulties relationships) which are frequently observed survivors of prolonged, repeated or multiple traumatic stressors. So far, evidence psychodynamic treatment approaches for CPTSD is scarce.

Language: Английский

---

Iranian adaptation of the Epistemic Trust, Mistrust, and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ): Validity, reliability, discriminant ability, and sex invariance

Brain and Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Introduction Epistemic trust, or trust in transmitted knowledge, has been proposed as a critical factor psychopathology and psychotherapy. This study aimed at evaluating the psychometric properties of Trust, Mistrust, Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ) Iran. Method Data were collected from 906 participants. Along with ETMCQ, measures mentalizing, mindfulness, perspective‐taking, attachment, emotion dysregulation, borderline personality disorder administered. Confirmatory analysis exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) used to determine factorial structure. Results The ESEM model showed an acceptable fit outperformed confirmatory model. A 14‐item version ETMCQ was retained after examining item performance. Our findings also established criterion‐related validity for mistrust credulity, internal consistency discriminant power credulity detecting positive screens disorder, measurement invariance across sexes. Conclusion provides evidence cross‐cultural applicability ETMCQ. Nonetheless, subscale require particular attention future research.

Language: Английский

---

Examining associations, moderators and mediators between childhood maltreatment, social functioning, and social cognition in psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 53(13), P. 5909 - 5932

Published: July 17, 2023

Abstract Childhood maltreatment (CM) has been related to social functioning and cognition impairment in people with psychotic disorders (PD); however, evidence across different CM subtypes domains remains less clear. We conducted a systematic review meta-analysis quantify associations between CM, overall its (physical/emotional/sexual abuse, physical/emotional neglect), of adults PD. also examined moderators mediators these associations. A PRISMA-compliant search was performed on 24 November 2022 (PROSPERO CRD42020175244). Fifty-three studies ( N = 13 635 individuals PD) were included qualitative synthesis, which 51 260) 125 effects sizes pooled meta-analyses. found that negatively associated global interpersonal relations, positively aggressive behaviour, but unrelated independent living or occupational functioning. There no meta-analytic cognition. Meta-regression analyses did not identify any consistent moderation pattern. Narrative synthesis identified sex timing as potential moderators, depressive symptoms maladaptive personality traits possible outcomes. Associations small magnitude limited number assessing are available. Nevertheless, PD at risk problems after exposure, an effect observed multiple subtypes, domains, diagnoses illness stages. Maltreated may thus benefit from trauma-related psychosocial interventions targeting relationships

Language: Английский

---

Reconceptualizing complex posttraumatic stress disorder: A predictive processing framework for mechanisms and intervention

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 164, P. 105836 - 105836

Published: July 30, 2024

In this article, we introduce a framework for interpreting Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD) through predictive processing, neuroscience concept explaining the brain's interpretation and prediction of sensory information. While closely related to PTSD, C-PTSD encompasses additional symptom clusters marked by disturbances in self-organization (DSO), such as negative self-concept, affect dysregulation, relational difficulties, typically resulting from prolonged traumatic stressors. Our model leverages advances computational psychiatry neuroscience, offering mechanistic explanation these symptoms illustrating how trauma disrupts processing. Specifically, altered mechanisms contribute C-PTSD's symptomatology, focusing on DSO: (1) Negative self-concept emerges maladaptive priors that bias perception towards self-criticism, misaligning expected actual interoceptive states; (2) Misalignment between predicted signals leads with sensitivity bodily cues; (3) Relationship challenges arise skewed social errors, fostering mistrust withdrawal. This precision-focused approach sheds light dynamics underpinning highlights potential intervention targets aimed at recalibrating processing system.

Language: Английский

---

Tracing the paths: a systematic review of mediators of complex trauma and complex post-traumatic stress disorder

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 6, 2024

Complex trauma is associated with complex-posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). While dissociative processes, developmental factors and systemic are implicated in the development of CPTSD, there no existing systematic reviews examining underlying pathways linking complex CPTSD. This study aims to systematically review evidence mediating exposure childhood (birth eighteen years age) subsequent CPTSD (via self-reports diagnostic assessments). All clinical, at-risk community-sampled articles on three online databases (PsycINFO, MedLine Embase) were searched, along grey literature from ProQuest. Fifteen eligible for inclusion according pre-determined eligibility criteria a search strategy. Five categories processes identified: 1) processes; 2) relationship self; 3) emotional 4) social 5) contextual factors. Further research required examine extent which targeting these mediators may act as mechanisms change supporting individuals heal trauma. Systematic registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ , identifier CRD42022346152.

Language: Английский

---

An investigation into the interplay of epistemic trust, defensive mechanisms, interpersonal problems, and symptomatology: A mediation model

Personality and Individual Differences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 233, P. 112893 - 112893

Published: Sept. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

---