Vitamins, supplements and COVID-19: a review of currently available evidence

Drugs in Context, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10, P. 1 - 15

Published: Oct. 5, 2021

Background: In the midst of COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an information overload health data (both accurate and inaccurate) available to public.With vitamins supplements being readily accessible, many have turned using them in effort combat virus.The purpose this review was analyse clinical trials regarding for treatment infections.Methods: Articles were identified through a literature search utilizing online databases bibliographic review.Results: A total seven articles review.All evaluated use COVID-19.Drug therapies included oral vitamin D, intravenous C, D/magnesium/ B12, zinc, combination zinc/ascorbic acid, alpha-lipoic acid.The end points each study varied, including Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, mortality, rate intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, negativity tests, oxygen requirements, symptom burden. Conclusion:Of that studied, D presented most promising demonstrating significant decreases need ICU treatment, SARS-CoV-2 RNA test positivity, mortality.All these benefits exhibited hospitalized patients.Other studies did not demonstrate any statistically benefits.Common shortcomings generally small sample sizes, varying sites (which could determine virus variant), lack standard as background therapy, utilization doses higher than standard.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 mortality risk correlates inversely with vitamin D3 status, and a mortality rate close to zero could theoretically be achieved at 50 ng/ml 25(OH)D3: Results of a systematic review and meta-analysis

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 25, 2021

Abstract Background Much research shows that blood calcidiol (25(OH)D3) levels correlate strongly with SARS-CoV-2 infection severity. There is open discussion regarding whether low D3 caused by the or if deficiency negatively affects immune defense. The aim of this study was to collect further evidence on topic. Methods Systematic literature search performed identify retrospective cohort as well clinical studies COVID-19 mortality rates versus levels. Mortality from were corrected for age, sex and diabetes. Data analyzed using correlation linear regression. Results One population seven identified, which reported pre-infection day hospital admission. They independently showed a negative Pearson risk (r(17)=-.4154, p=.0770/r(13)=-.4886, p=.0646). For combined data, median (IQR) 23.2 ng/ml (17.4 – 26.8), significant observed (r(32)=-.3989, p=.0194). Regression suggested theoretical point zero at approximately 50 D3. Conclusions two datasets provide strong predictor rather than side effect infection. Despite ongoing vaccinations, we recommend raising serum 25(OH)D above prevent mitigate new outbreaks due escape mutations decreasing antibody activity. Trial registration Not applicable.

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of indoor residual spraying on malaria control: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Infectious Diseases of Poverty, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: July 23, 2022

Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is one of the key interventions recommended by World Health Organization in preventing malaria infection. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis global studies about impact IRS on control. searched PubMed, Web Science, Embase, Scopus for relevant published from database establishment 31 December 2021. Random-effects models were used perform subgroup analysis pool odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval (CI). Meta-regression was investigate potential factors heterogeneity across studies. Thirty-eight articles including 81 reports 1,174,970 individuals included meta-analysis. associated with lower rates infection (OR = 0.35, CI: 0.27-0.44). The significantly higher effectiveness observed coverage ≥ 80% than < 80%. Pyrethroids identified show greatest performance In addition, gross domestic product as well bed net utilization. could induce positive effect globally. high use pyrethroids are measures reduce More efforts should focus increasing coverage, developing more effective new insecticides against malaria, using multiple comprehensively achieve control goals.

Language: Английский

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Association Between Vitamin D Levels and Inflammatory Markers in COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25, P. 124 - 136

Published: April 2, 2022

Vitamin D has immunomodulatory properties that can be useful in COVID-19 patients. We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to analyze the association vitamin levels with inflammatory markers patients.We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Database Systematic Reviews, and ClinicalTrial.gov for any relevant comparison data reporting A literature search was conducted from December 1, 2019, January 14, 2022. deficiency defined by each individual study ranged <9.9 ng/mL <30 ng/mL. The interest were interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, procalcitonin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), fibrinogen D-dimer. Weighted mean difference (WMD) 95% confidence intervals (CIs) pooled using random or fixed-effects models. Two independent investigators assessed eligibility synthesized evidence.Thirty-two included comprising 7,771 patients ranging 40-81 years age 57.1% being male. Meta-analysis showed sufficient (levels >30ng/mL) had statistically significant lower IL-6, CRP, LDH, fibrinogen, D-dimer compared deficient group. With highest found ferritin (95.62; CI, 33.14-158.10); P=0.003; I2=99%). No reductions ESR (P=0.97). All analyzed higher than normal healthy reference ranges both groups.Our results suggest low are associated increased marker levels. may potentially serve as an early identifier at high risk developing severe conditions well thrombotic complications. Randomized controlled trials should establish causal relationship.

Language: Английский

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Association Between Vitamin D and COVID-19–Related Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses

Nutrition Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

COVID-19 remains globally pandemic, and although several meta-analyses have explored the association between vitamin D relative to clinical outcomes, a unified view has not yet emerged. To summarize evidence for associations levels COVID-19-related outcomes assess strength validity of these associations. PubMed, Embase, Web Science, Scopus, Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews databases were searched from January 1, 2020, June 15, 2024. Two reviewers independently extracted data assessed study quality. Low increased risk infection by 1.26- 2.18-fold, severe illness 1.50- 5.57-fold, intensive care unit (ICU) admission more than 2-fold, death 1.22- 4.15-fold. In addition, patients with deficiency had an average increase in length hospital stay 0.54 days compared high levels. Overall, supplementation may reduce severity (eg, ICU admissions, need mechanical ventilation) shorter but nonsignificant effect on mortality rates. there significant differences individuals testing positive those negative (mean difference [MD] = -3.22 ng mL-1; 95% CI, -5.18 -1.25), cases mild (MD -4.60 -5.49 -3.71), nonsurvivors survivors -6.59 CI: -8.94 -4.24). are associated higher rates, disease, rates among COVID-19, whereas patients' disease severity. The beneficial effects remain be further explored, however, higher-quality, randomized controlled studies. Nonetheless, caution is warranted because methodological quality most level very low. PROSPERO registration No. CRD42022385036.

Language: Английский

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