Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Essential Oils against Selected Pathogenic Bacteria: In Vitro Study

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(5), P. 546 - 546

Published: May 8, 2021

The worldwide problem of infectious diseases has appeared in recent years, and antimicrobial agents are crucial reducing disease emergence. Nevertheless, the development distribution multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi Citrobacter koseri, become a major society health hazard. Essential oils could serve promising tool natural drug fighting with these bacteria. current study aimed to investigate effectiveness tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden Betche) Cheel), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus obliqua L’Hér.), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill) essential oils. properties were screened against four E. S. Tyhpi, C. two reference bacterial strains, while for testing, agar well diffusion method was used. Gas chromatography (GC) gas chromatography–mass spectrometric (GC–MSD) analyses performed on obtained results showed that M. oil is richest terpinen-4-ol, R. oblique 1,8-cineole, L. α-terpinyl acetate. In addition, main bioactive compounds present rich α-pinene (18.38%), limonene (7.55%) γ-terpinene (14.01%). (8.38%) (11.86%); significant concentrations (12.60%), p-cymene (3.24%), (3.87%), (7.37%), linalool (10.71%), acetate (9.60%), (10.93%), carbitol (13.05%) compounds, respectively. from vitro revealed most exhibited properties. Among tested oils, discovered demonstrate strongest activity. recorded MIC 6.2 mg/mL, 3.4 mg/mL 3.1 2.7 coli ATCC 25922, compared alternifolia. Similarly, only aureus 25923 activity towards (1.4 mg/mL), (2.9 (2.1 mg/mL). Based results, it possible conclude might be used an ecological treating caused by pathogens.

Language: Английский

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Essential Oils in Broiler Chicken Production, Immunity and Meat Quality: Review of Thymus vulgaris, Origanum vulgare, and Rosmarinus officinalis

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 874 - 874

Published: June 17, 2022

The use of essential oils in animal nutrition has attracted attention as a potential substitute for antibiotic growth promoters the past twenty-five years. This paper will review current scientific evidence on usage from Lamiaceae family members such Thymus vulgaris (thyme), Origanum vulgare (oregano), and Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) broiler terms production results, immunity, meat quality properties. Essential are effective when incorporated into diet variety levels, dietary composition, level feed inclusion, bird genetics. Moreover, efficacy is influenced by many factors, composition oil. Due to big differences sources oils, comparing different studies using them can be challenging. Therefore, biological effects may differ significantly. Despite this, great deal research supports oils’ natural, antibiotic-free broilers. Growth promotion mechanisms still not clearly understood there limited information effect nutrient digestibility, gut function, immune system. There no question that oil consumption reduce pathogen gut, but their intricate ecosystem yet remain unclear. concludes with further recommendations regarding application nutrition.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from laying hens in Zambia: implications and significance on one health

JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(3)

Published: May 3, 2023

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been deepening in the layer poultry sector Zambia partly due to inappropriate use of antimicrobials. Escherichia coli (E. coli), a commensal and zoonotic bacterium, can potentially be source AMR.This study assessed phenotypic AMR profiles E. isolated from apparent health-laying hens Lusaka Copperbelt provinces Zambia.A cross-sectional was conducted between September 2020 April 2021 which 365 cloacal swabs were collected 77-layer farms based Zambia. isolation identification done using cultural biochemical properties confirmed 16S rRNA gene sequencing. susceptibility testing (AST) Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method. Data analysis WHONET Stata v.16.1.Of samples, 92.9% (n = 339). The detected 96.5% 327) isolates, 64.6% 219) multidrug-resistant (MDR). highly resistant tetracycline (54.6%) ampicillin (54%) but showed low meropenem (0.9%), ceftazidime (6.2%) chloramphenicol (8.8%).This found high prevalence some commonly used antibiotics poultry, is public health concern because potential contamination eggs layers chicken meat that enter food chain. Urgent attention needed, including strengthening antimicrobial stewardship surveillance programmes production

Language: Английский

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Population structure and antibiotic resistance of swine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from China

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: July 10, 2024

Abstract Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) pose a significant threat to human and animal health. However, the diversity antibiotic resistance of ExPEC, their connection infections, remain largely unexplored. The study performs large-scale genome sequencing testing 499 swine-derived ExPEC isolates from China. Results show swine are phylogenetically diverse, with over 80% belonging phylogroups B1 A. Importantly, 15 exhibit genetic relatedness human-origin E. strains. Additionally, 49 strains harbor toxins typical enteric pathotypes, implying hybrid pathotypes. Notably, 97% total multidrug resistant, including critical drugs like third- fourth-generation cephalosporins. Correspondingly, genomic analysis unveils prevalent genes (ARGs), often associated co-transfer mechanisms. Furthermore, 20 complete genomes illuminates transmission pathways ARGs within pathogens. For example, plasmids co-harboring fosA3 , bla CTX-M-14 mcr-1 between Salmonella enterica is observed. These findings underscore importance monitoring controlling infections in animals, as they can serve reservoir potential affect health or even be origin pathogens infecting humans.

Language: Английский

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Molecular characterization of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains isolated from companion dogs and cats in Korea

Journal of Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and significant health issues in pets. Although extensive international research exists on their prevention treatment, a notable gap remains analyzing the characteristics of causative bacteria. To investigate phylogroup, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), molecular genotype Escherichia coli isolates from dogs cats with UTIs animal clinics Korea. Uropathogenic E. (UPEC) strains were analyzed for phylogenetic grouping polymerase chain reaction, AMR, transferable plasmids, multilocus sequence typing. Sixty-seven UPECs isolated urine samples (n = 57) 10). Regarding age, incidence UTI was highest 11 to 15 years range (46.3%, 31/67). sex, it accounted 58.2% 39) female 11.9% (8/67) cats. Phylogroup B2 most frequent 51, 75.0%) among all strains, followed by D (16.2%), A (7.4%), B1 (1.5%). Thirty-seven (55.2%) multidrug-resistant (MDR), 24 (35.8%) them belonged phylogroup B2. Extended-spectrum cephalosporin carbapenemase genes detected 18 (26.9%) plasmids carrying these conjugated between strains. Thirty types (STs) identified total Among 51) B2, 23 STs identified, ST73 being 12, 17.9%), ST131 9, 13.4%). particularly ST121, prevalent Korean companion For MDR UPECs, appropriate antibiotic selection is essential treatment UTIs.

Language: Английский

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Draft genome sequencing of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from mastitic cow milk

Microbiology Resource Announcements, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli is an important antibiotic-resistant pathogen in mastitis, with broader public health implications. We report the genomes of two E. strains, MBBL4 and MBBL5, isolated from mastitic cow milk. The draft genomes, covering 4.6 Mbp each, revealed 57.5% GC content 100× sequencing depth.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Isolates from Pig Farms in China

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1188 - 1188

Published: March 28, 2025

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) poses a critical threat to livestock health and food safety, particularly in regard misuse of antimicrobial agents, which have accelerated the evolution multidrug-resistant (MDR) ETEC strains, reshaping their virulence landscapes epidemiological trajectories. In this study, 24 isolates from porcine diarrheal samples undergo genomic phenotypic profiling, including genotyping, bacterial adhesion, resistance (AMR) analysis. Results show that multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) outputs (ST88, ST100) serotypes (O9:H19, O116:H11, O149:H10) exhibited enhanced virulence, with F18ab-fimbriated strains carrying Shiga toxin genes (stx2A) demonstrating higher cytotoxicity than non-stx strains. There exists significant negative correlation between growth rates intestinal epithelial expression adhesion being growth-time-dependent. These relationships suggest evolutionary trade-offs favoring either rapid proliferation or virulence. Among these isolates, 95.8% were MDR, alarming quinolones aminoglycosides. Geospatial analysis identified region-specific AMR gene clusters, notably oqxB-aac(3) co-occurrence networks 79% isolates. results highlight urgent need for precision interventions, vaccines targeting epidemic monitoring systems disrupt propagation across swine production networks. By underscoring importance current profiles, study provides actionable strategies mitigate ETEC-associated threats both animal welfare meat safety ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Gut Commensal Escherichia coli, a High-Risk Reservoir of Transferable Plasmid-Mediated Antimicrobial Resistance Traits

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: Volume 15, P. 1077 - 1091

Published: March 1, 2022

Escherichia coli (E. coli), the main human gut microorganism, is one of evolved superbugs because acquiring antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants via horizontal gene transfer (HGT).This study aimed to screen isolates commensal E. from healthy adult individuals for susceptibility and plasmid-mediated AMR encoding genes.Gut bacteria were isolated fecal samples that taken investigated phenotypically their against diverse classes antimicrobials using Kirby Bauer disc method. PCR-based molecular assays carried out detect plasmid-carried genes virulence different pathotypes (eaeA, stx, ipaH, est, elt, aggR pCVD432). The examined β-lactam (blaCTX-M1, blaTEM, blaCMY-2), tetracycline (tetA, tetB), sulfonamides (sul1, sulII), aminoglycoside (aac(3)-II, aac(6')-Ib-cr) quinolones (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS).PCR results revealed absence in 56 considered isolates. showed high rates tested agents belonging both β-lactams (42/56, 75%) followed by (35/56, 62.5%), tetracyclines (31/56, 55.4%), while lowest rate was aminoglycosides (24/56, 42.9%). Antimicrobial profiles 64.3% multidrug-resistant (MDR). High prevalence frequencies detected including blaTEM (64%) sulI (60.7%), qnrA (51.8%), aac(3)-II (37.5%), tetA (46.4%). All harbored more than with most frequent genetic profile among blaTEM-blaCTX-M1-like-qnrA-qnrB-tetA-sulI.Results are significant evaluation coli, suggesting a potential health risk necessity strict regulation use antibiotics Egypt. Commensal may constitute reservoir can be transferred other bacterial species.

Language: Английский

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Isolation and characterization of lytic bacteriophages from various sources in Addis Ababa against antimicrobial-resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains and evaluation of their therapeutic potential

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 14, 2024

Abstract Background Escherichia coli is a common fecal coliform, facultative aerobic, gram-negative bacterium. Pathogenic strains of such microbes have evolved to cause diarrhea, urinary tract infections, and septicemias. The emergence antibiotic resistance urged the identification an alternative strategy. use lytic bacteriophages against control pathogenic E. in clinics different environmental setups (waste drink water management) has become therapy therapy. Thus, this study aimed isolate characterize bacteriophage from various sources Addis Ababa, tested them antimicrobial-resistant diarrheagenic evaluated their therapeutic potential under vitro conditions. Methods A total 14 samples were processed six strains. conventional culture plaque analysis agar overlay method was used recover isolates. phage isolates characterized determine effect, growth characteristics, host range activity, stability temperature pH Phage identified by scanning electron microscope (SEM), molecular techniques (PCR). Results In total, 17 phages recovered 84 plates. Of isolates, 11 (65%) Myoviridae -like phages, 6 (35%) Podoviridae Siphoviridae morphology PCR identification. Based on test, test 7 potent selected. These demonstrated better including short latent periods, highest burst sizes, wider ranges, as well thermal ability survive wide levels. Conclusions promising effect isolated AMR raised possibility future treatment infections.

Language: Английский

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Food Safety Policy in the European Union

Journal of Agronomy Technology and Engineering Management (JATEM), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 712 - 717

Published: April 8, 2022

The aim of the research is to analyze food safety policy in European Union and strength legal regulatory framework that covers entire production chain "from field table". refers feed animal health, protection care animals, veterinary examinations, health measures, plant checks, preparation hygiene products. For this paper, a descriptive method, analysis synthesis technique, as well content laws were used. findings show based on principles an integrated approach; primary responsibility, traceability food, its ingredients, transparency risk analysis. Republic Serbia has adopted many amendments safety, products, nutrition products soil improvers, which are aimed at further harmonization with acquis communautaire.

Language: Английский

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