Molecular mechanisms of aging and anti-aging strategies

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: May 24, 2024

Abstract Aging is a complex and multifaceted process involving variety of interrelated molecular mechanisms cellular systems. Phenotypically, the biological aging accompanied by gradual loss function systemic deterioration multiple tissues, resulting in susceptibility to aging-related diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that closely associated with telomere attrition, DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels, impaired macro-autophagy, stem cell exhaustion, inflammation, protein balance, deregulated nutrient sensing, altered intercellular communication, dysbiosis. These age-related changes may be alleviated intervention strategies, such as calorie restriction, improved sleep quality, enhanced physical activity, targeted longevity genes. In this review, we summarise key historical progress exploration important causes anti-aging strategies recent decades, which provides basis for further understanding reversibility phenotypes, application prospect synthetic biotechnology therapy also prospected.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the impact of environmental factors on male reproductive health through epigenetics

Reproductive Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 132, P. 108832 - 108832

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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Arsenic, Oxidative Stress and Reproductive System

Journal of Xenobiotics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 214 - 222

Published: July 18, 2022

Infertility is a severe medical problem and considered serious global public health issue affecting large proportion of humanity. Oxidative stress one the most crucial factors involved in infertility. Recent studies indicate that overproduction reactive oxygen species (ROS) or nitrogen (RNS) may cause damage to male female reproductive systems leading Low amounts ROS RNS are essential for normal functioning systems, such as sperm motility, acrosome reaction, interactions with oocytes, ovulation, maturation follicles. Environmental heavy metals can dysfunction men women through RNS. It suggested oxidative caused by arsenic associated disorders alteration counts decreased sex hormones, testis ovary, well processes spermatogenesis oogenesis. This review paper highlights relationship between arsenic-induced prevalence infertility, detailed explanations potential underlying mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Functional association between telomeres, oxidation and mitochondria

Frontiers in Reproductive Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: Feb. 20, 2023

Prior research has substantiated the vital role of telomeres in human fertility. Telomeres are prerequisites for maintaining integrity chromosomes by preventing loss genetic material following replication events. Little is known about association between sperm telomere length and mitochondrial capacity involving its structure functions. Mitochondria structurally functionally distinct organelles that located on spermatozoon's midpiece. produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which necessary motility generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). While a moderate concentration ROS critical egg—sperm fusion, fertilization, excessive generation primarily related to shortening, DNA fragmentation, alterations methylation pattern leading male infertility. This review aims highlight functional connection mitochondria biogenesis infertility, as lesions have damaging impact length, both lengthening reprogramming biosynthesis. Furthermore, it shed light how inositol antioxidants can positively affect

Language: Английский

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Kastor and Polluks polypeptides encoded by a single gene locus cooperatively regulate VDAC and spermatogenesis

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

Abstract Although several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been shown to encode small polypeptides, those in testis remain largely uncharacterized. Here we identify two sperm-specific Kastor and Polluks, encoded by a single mouse locus ( Gm9999 ) previously annotated as encoding lncRNA. Both Polluks are inserted the outer mitochondrial membrane directly interact with voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), despite their different amino acid sequences. Male VDAC3-deficient mice infertile result of reduced sperm motility due an abnormal sheath spermatozoa, deficiency both also severely impaired male fertility association formation similarly sheath. Spermatozoa lacking either or partially recapitulate phenotype both. Cooperative function regulation VDAC3 may thus be essential for spermatozoa fertility.

Language: Английский

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The Role of ROS as a Double-Edged Sword in (In)Fertility: The Impact of Cancer Treatment

Cancers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1585 - 1585

Published: March 21, 2022

Tumor cells are highly resistant to oxidative stress resulting from the imbalance between high reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and insufficient antioxidant defenses. However, when intracellular levels of ROS rise beyond a certain threshold, largely above cancer cells' capacity reduce it, they may ultimately lead apoptosis or necrosis. This is, in fact, one molecular mechanisms anticancer drugs, as most chemotherapeutic treatments alter redox homeostasis by further elevation inhibition pathways. In traditional chemotherapy, it is widely accepted that therapeutic effects due ROS-mediated cell damage, but targeted therapies, mostly unknown data still emerging. The increasing effectiveness has raised new challenges, especially field reproduction. With patients' life expectancy increasing, many aiming become parents will be confronted with adverse treatments. Consequently, concerns about impact therapies on reproductive particular interest. this review, we begin short introduction then address physiological/pathophysiological roles both male female systems, finish

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress Markers and Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Men Recovered from COVID-19

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(17), P. 10060 - 10060

Published: Sept. 2, 2022

SARS-CoV-2 negatively affects semen characteristics, impairs various biochemical processes in seminal fluid and within spermatogenic cells ultimately leading to male fertility decline. However, the distinct mechanisms, particular, role of oxidative stress on consequences coronavirus infection, have not been well investigated, which is purpose present study. The standard parameters, its pro- antioxidant system state, as level sperm DNA fragmentation, were assessed 17 samples men five months after infection 22 age-matched control patients. We determined that fragmentation rate correlated with period recovery, superoxide dismutase activity uric acid level. It was demonstrated COVID-19 always associated increased allowing them be considered two independent factors. Thus, most significant changes noted abnormal TUNEL results: round cell number, decreased fluid's nitrotyrosine level, total capacity Zn, an 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine spermatozoa. data obtained indicate diminished quality can result imbalance components COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Role of Antioxidants of Natural Herbs in Management of Male Infertility

Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 55 - 80

Published: Feb. 5, 2023

If you and your spouse have been trying to conceive for a year neither of has successful, there is possibility that are one the 50–80 million people throughout world who struggle with infertility. There male component present in approximately 20%-30% these instances. It common knowledge low-quality sperm oxidative stress (OS) both role aetiology Because oxidation DNA, proteins, lipids, excessive levels reactive oxygen species (ROS) potential disrupt viability, motility, morphology cells. ROS responsible changes. Methods: Through use PubMed interface, we searched MEDLINE database studies had completed published during past ten years analysed effect antioxidants on infertile guys (2012–2022). A number different phrases, including infertility, alpha-lipoic acid, zinc, folate, coenzyme Q10, selenium, vitamin, were utilised search. The study's findings indicate inositol serves purpose mechanisms foster contacts between oocytes, it also affects OS cells by way its engagement mitochondrial events. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) lessens damage caused improves quality ways, morphology, count. might be connection not getting enough zinc diet having sperm. Zinc folate two nutrients can boost quantity When taken orally, Q10 increases as well their overall motility forward movement. therapy selenium (Se) results an improvement sperm's quality, this connected increase ejaculatory production. Only vitamin B12 found improve sperm; does boosting count decreasing DNA damage. Vitamin only proved do this. Conclusions: Dietary supplementation may men semen reducing OS-induced increasing hormone synthesis spermatozoa concentration, morphology. This achieved low semen. Antioxidants exert effects variety ways; hence, important researchers conducting future clinical trials study combining antioxidants.

Language: Английский

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Renal tubular epithelial cell quality control mechanisms as therapeutic targets in renal fibrosis

Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 100933 - 100933

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Renal fibrosis is a devastating consequence of progressive chronic kidney disease, representing major public health challenge worldwide. The underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis renal remain unclear, and effective treatments are still lacking. tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) maintain function, their dysfunction has emerged as critical contributor to fibrosis. Cellular quality control comprises several components, including telomere homeostasis, ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy, mitochondrial homeostasis (mitophagy metabolism), endoplasmic reticulum (unfolded protein response), lysosomes. Failures cellular RTECs, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), protein, organelle damage, exert profibrotic functions by leading senescence, defective stress, lysosomal dysfunction, apoptosis, fibroblast activation, immune cell recruitment. In this review, we summarize recent advances understanding role components intercellular crosstalk networks within context

Language: Английский

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The role of oxidative stress in male infertility: Connection to sperm telomere shortening and overall DNA damage

Arhiv za farmaciju, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 75(1), P. 44 - 54

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Male infertility affects approximately 20% of men, with 30-40% cases being linked to issues in both partners. While sperm production may be normal, DNA damage spermatozoa can occur and become a primary cause infertility. The exacerbation oxidative stress leads various biomolecules, such as fragmentation, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, all which impair egg fertilization embryo development. Elevated levels reactive oxygen species (ROS) semen are associated poor quality, reduced potential, increased fragmentation. Additionally, shorter telomeres correlate vitality function. Oxidative accelerates telomere attrition by inducing damage, shortening potentially compromises function fertility. at different stages spermatogenesis fertilization. If the surpasses oocyte's repair capacity, occur. Various tests available assess fragmentation (SDF) test one most promising. is quantified index (DFI), represents percentage fragmented DNA. Although reference intervals for DFI vary depending on method used, ≤ 15% generally considered 15-30% average, ≥ 30% indicates integrity, negatively impact pregnancy outcomes.

Language: Английский

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