ROS: Basic Concepts, Sources, Cellular Signaling, and its Implications in Aging Pathways

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022, P. 1 - 23

Published: Oct. 19, 2022

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are bioproducts of cellular metabolism. There is a range molecules with oxidizing properties known as ROS. Despite those being implied negatively in aging and numerous diseases, their key role signaling evident. ROS control several biological processes such inflammation, proliferation, cell death. The redox underlying these events one characteristic the new generation scientists aimed at defining environment. potential, which includes balance sources antioxidant system, implies an important target for understanding cells’ fate derived from signaling. In this review, we summarized chemical, balance, signaling, implications aging.

Language: Английский

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Autism Spectrum Disorder: Neurodevelopmental Risk Factors, Biological Mechanism, and Precision Therapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 1819 - 1819

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous, behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental disorder. Over the past two decades, prevalence of autism disorders has progressively increased, however, no clear diagnostic markers and specifically targeted medications for have emerged. As result, neurobehavioral abnormalities, neurobiological alterations in ASD, development novel ASD pharmacological therapy necessitate multidisciplinary collaboration. In this review, we discuss multiple animal models to contribute disease mechanisms as well new studies from disciplines assess behavioral pathology ASD. addition, summarize highlight mechanistic advances regarding gene transcription, RNA non-coding translation, abnormal synaptic signaling pathways, epigenetic post-translational modifications, brain-gut axis, immune inflammation neural loop abnormalities provide theoretical basis next step precision therapy. Furthermore, review existing tactics limits present challenges opportunities translating knowledge into clinical practice.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative stress and antioxidants in health and disease

Journal of Laboratory Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 1 - 11

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Abstract The increase in the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species endogenous or exogenous origin causes oxidative stress due to pro-oxidant antioxidant imbalance that cellular damage metabolism. This can inflammation cells, apoptosis necrosis, DNA base damage, protein cross-links, lipid membrane peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction. Antioxidants be described as a system protects biomolecules organism against harmful effects free radicals, reduces repairs done by (ROS) target molecule, this is called defense. It known mechanisms caused ROS resulting from are positively related pathology many diseases such cancer, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, malaria, Alzheimer’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, neurodegenerative preeclampsia.

Language: Английский

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Tissue damaging toxins in snake venoms: mechanisms of action, pathophysiology and treatment strategies

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: March 22, 2024

Snakebite envenoming is an important public health issue responsible for mortality and severe morbidity. Where mainly caused by venom toxins that induce cardiovascular disturbances, neurotoxicity, acute kidney injury, morbidity directly or indirectly destroy cells degrade the extracellular matrix. These are referred to as 'tissue-damaging toxins' have previously been classified in various ways, most of which based on tissues being affected (e.g., cardiotoxins, myotoxins). This categorisation, however, primarily phenomenological not mechanistic. In this review, we propose alternative way classifying cytotoxins their mechanistic effects rather than using a description organ- tissue-based. The mechanisms toxin-induced tissue damage clinical implications discussed. review contributes our understanding fundamental biological processes associated with snakebite envenoming, may pave knowledge-based search novel therapeutic options.

Language: Английский

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Nanomaterials‐Induced Redox Imbalance: Challenged and Opportunities for Nanomaterials in Cancer Therapy

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(16)

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Abstract Cancer cells typically display redox imbalance compared with normal due to increased metabolic rate, accumulated mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated cell signaling, and accelerated peroxisomal activities. This may regulate gene expression, alter protein stability, modulate existing cellular programs, resulting in inefficient treatment modalities. Therapeutic strategies targeting intra‐ or extracellular states of cancer at varying state progression trigger programmed death if exceeded a certain threshold, enabling therapeutic selectivity overcoming resistance radiotherapy chemotherapy. Nanotechnology provides new opportunities for modulating their excellent designability high reactivity. Various nanomaterials are widely researched enhance highly reactive substances (free radicals) production, disrupt the endogenous antioxidant defense systems, both. Here, physiological features described challenges illustrated. Then, that classified elaborated upon based on ability target regulations. Finally, future perspectives this field proposed. It is hoped review guidance design nanomaterials‐based approaches involving therapy, especially cancers resistant chemotherapy, etc.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative stress modulating nanomaterials and their biochemical roles in nanomedicine

Nanoscale Horizons, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(10), P. 1630 - 1682

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Many pathological conditions are predominantly associated with oxidative stress, arising from reactive oxygen species (ROS); therefore, the modulation of redox activities has been a key strategy to restore normal tissue functions. Current approaches involve establishing favorable cellular environment through administration therapeutic drugs and redox-active nanomaterials (RANs). In particular, RANs not only provide stable reliable means delivery but also possess capacity finely tune various interconnected components, including radicals, enzymes, proteins, transcription factors, metabolites. Here, we discuss roles that engineered play in spectrum conditions, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, inflammation. We visualize dual functions both generator scavenger ROS, emphasizing their profound impact on diverse The focus this review is solely inorganic (inorganic RANs). Additionally, deliberate challenges current RANs-based propose potential research directions for future clinical translation.

Language: Английский

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Food-Derived Micronutrients as Alleviators of Age-Related Dysfunction: A Dive into Their Effects and Cellular Mechanisms

Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Reactive Oxygen Species: Role in Pathophysiology, and Mechanism of Endogenous and Dietary Antioxidants during Oxidative Stress

Chonnam Medical Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(1), P. 32 - 32

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Redox imbalances, which result from excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or malfunctioning the antioxidant system, are source oxidative stress. ROS affects all structural and functional components cells, either directly indirectly. In addition to causing genetic abnormalities, also oxidatively modifies proteins by protein oxidation peroxidation alters lipid structure via advanced lipoxidation, decreasing function promoting damage cell death. On other hand, low levels constitute important redox-signaling molecules in various pathways that maintain cellular homeostasis regulate key transcription factors. As a result, can affect processes, such as apoptosis, migration, differentiation, proliferation. act signaling molecules, controlling normal physiological activities at level. Furthermore, there is an increasing body evidence indicating role clinical conditions. this review, we will summarize pathological processes action during

Language: Английский

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PRMT5-mediated arginine methylation stabilizes GPX4 to suppress ferroptosis in cancer

Nature Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Medicinal Plant Growth in Heavy Metals Contaminated Soils: Responses to Metal Stress and Induced Risks to Human Health

Toxics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 499 - 499

Published: Aug. 27, 2022

Accelerating heavy metal pollution is a hot issue due to continuous growth in consumerism and increased activities various global industries. Soil contamination with metals has resulted their incorporation into the human food web via plant components. Accumulation amplification of tissues through consumption medicinal plants can have hazardous health outcomes. Therefore, this critical review we aim bring together published information on subject, special highlight knowledge gaps related stress plants, responses, risks. In respect, outlines key sources as well absorption, mobilization translocation ions compartments, while considering respective mechanisms detoxification. addition, literature attempts how defensive strategies operate pointing out main stressors, either biotic or abiotic (e.g., metals), role reactive oxygen species (ROS) answers. Finally, our research, further capture risks caused by assessment both hazard quotient (HQ) index (HI).

Language: Английский

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