Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Future Cancer Risk

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 6192 - 6192

Published: March 24, 2023

The study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence for prevention future cancers following bariatric surgery. A literature search Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Web Science PubMed databases (2007–2023), Google Scholar grey was conducted. performed using inverse variance method random effects model. Thirty-two studies involving patients with obesity who received surgery control were managed conventional treatment included. suggested associated reduced overall incidence cancer (RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46–0.84, p < 0.002), obesity-related 0.59, 0.39–0.90, = 0.01) cancer-associated mortality 0.51, 0.42–0.62, 0.00001). In specific cancers, reduction in hepatocellular carcinoma 0.35, 0.22–0.55, 0.00001), colorectal 0.63, 0.50–0.81, 0.0002), pancreatic 0.52, 0.29–0.93, 0.03) gallbladder 0.41, 0.18–0.96, 0.04), as well female including breast 0.56, 0.44–0.71, endometrial 0.38, 0.26–0.55, 0.00001) ovarian 0.45, 0.31–0.64, 0.0001). There no significant oesophageal, gastric, thyroid, kidney, prostate or multiple myeloma after compared morbid did not have Obesity-associated carcinogenesis is closely related metabolic syndrome; visceral adipose dysfunction; aromatase activity detrimental cytokine, adipokine exosomal miRNA release. Bariatric results long-term weight loss morbidly obese improves syndrome. may decrease mortality, seven cancers.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Next-Generation Probiotics in Obesity and Obesity-Associated Disorders: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 6755 - 6755

Published: April 4, 2023

Obesity and obesity-associated disorders pose a major public health issue worldwide. Apart from conventional weight loss drugs, next-generation probiotics (NGPs) seem to be very promising as potential preventive therapeutic agents against obesity. Candidate NGPs such Akkermansia muciniphila, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Anaerobutyricum hallii, Bacteroides uniformis, coprocola, Parabacteroides distasonis, goldsteinii, Hafnia alvei, Odoribacter laneus Christensenella minuta have shown promise in preclinical models of obesity disorders. Proposed mechanisms include the modulation gut flora amelioration intestinal dysbiosis, improvement barrier function, reduction chronic low-grade inflammation peptide secretion. muciniphila alvei already been administered overweight/obese patients with encouraging results. However, safety issues strict regulations should constantly implemented updated. In this review, we aim explore (1) current knowledge regarding NGPs; (2) their utility disorders; (3) profile; (4) individuals overweight/obesity. More large-scale, multicentric longitudinal studies are mandatory its related

Language: Английский

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Ketogenic nutritional therapy (KeNuT)—a multi-step dietary model with meal replacements for the management of obesity and its related metabolic disorders: a consensus statement from the working group of the Club of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE)—diet therapies in endocrinology and metabolism

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(3), P. 487 - 500

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Abstract Purpose The ketogenic nutritional therapy (KeNuT) is an effective dietary treatment for patients with obesity and obesity-related comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, coronary artery disease, some of cancers. However, to date official document on the correct prescription diet, validated by authoritative societies in nutrition or endocrine sciences, missing. It important emphasize that requires proper medical supervision patient selection, due complex biochemical implications ketosis need a strict therapeutic compliance, experienced nutritionist personalization whole protocol. Methods This practical guide provides update main clinical indications contraindications meal replacements its mechanisms action. In addition, various phases protocol involving replacements, monitoring, management potential side effects, are also discussed. Conclusion will help healthcare provider acquire necessary skills provide comprehensive care overweight, diseases, using multistep treatment, recognized Club Italian Society Endocrinology (SIE)—Diet Therapies Metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Sex-differences in Mediterranean diet: a key piece to explain sex-related cardiovascular risk in obesity? A cross-sectional study

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Background Mediterranean Diet (MD) has many health benefits, particularly in reducing cardiovascular risk (CVR). However, it is still little known if there are any sex differences following this nutritional pattern and, thus, the potential sex-related repercussions on CVR obesity. The study aimed to characterize adherence MD and its association with factors subjects Methods A total of 968 females (33.81 ± 11.06 years; BMI 34.14 7.43 kg/m 2 ) 680 males (aged 34.77 11.31years; 33.77 8.13 were included a cross-sectional observational study. Lifestyle habits, anthropometric parameters, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), evaluated. Results Females had significantly higher lower hs-CRP levels than (p < 0.001). Additionally, consumed more vegetables, fruits, legumes, fish/seafood, nuts, sofrito sauce less quantity olive oil, butter, cream, margarine, red/processed meats, soda drinks = 0.001), red wine, commercial sweets confectionery their counterparts. PREDIMED score ≤ 6 was associated increased both sexes. Conclusions MD, CVR, different food preferences males. Although same threshold been identified as spy preference individual foods could explain impact Graphical

Language: Английский

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Nutritional Strategies for Battling Obesity-Linked Liver Disease: the Role of Medical Nutritional Therapy in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) Management

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

This narrative review explores the role of Medical Nutritional Therapy (MNT) in managing Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), previously known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. It aims to examine effectiveness specific nutritional strategies preventing and treating this obesity-linked Emerging evidence underscores benefits Mediterranean diet, low-carbohydrate diets, intermittent fasting reducing fat, improving insulin sensitivity, mitigating inflammation. Supplementing with vitamin E, omega-3 acids, silymarin can potentially reduce fibrosis promote health. MNT is a key intervention for MASLD management, emphasizing dietary patterns, caloric restriction, nutraceutical supplementation. Integrating these lifestyle modifications, including regular physical activity, offers comprehensive approach metabolic outcomes patients MASLD. Further research needed refine personalize therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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Cytokines as Key Players in Obesity Low Grade Inflammation and Related Complications

Obesity Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100585 - 100585

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms of Western Diet-Induced Obesity and Obesity-Related Carcinogenesis—A Narrative Review

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 675 - 675

Published: May 21, 2023

The present study aims to provide a narrative review of the molecular mechanisms Western diet-induced obesity and obesity-related carcinogenesis. A literature search Cochrane Library, Embase Pubmed databases, Google Scholar grey was conducted. Most that induce are also involved in twelve Hallmarks Cancer, with fundamental process being consumption highly processed, energy-dense diet deposition fat white adipose tissue liver. generation crown-like structures, macrophages surrounding senescent or necrotic adipocytes hepatocytes, leads perpetual state chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, hyperinsulinaemia, aromatase activity, activation oncogenic pathways loss normal homeostasis. Metabolic reprogramming, epithelial mesenchymal transition, HIF-1α signalling, angiogenesis host immune-surveillance particularly important. Obesity-associated carcinogenesis is closely related metabolic syndrome, hypoxia, visceral dysfunction, oestrogen synthesis detrimental cytokine, adipokine exosomal miRNA release. This important pathogenesis oestrogen-sensitive cancers, including breast, endometrial, ovarian thyroid cancer, but ‘non-hormonal’ obesity-associated cancers such as cardio-oesophageal, colorectal, renal, pancreatic, gallbladder hepatocellular adenocarcinoma. Effective weight interventions may improve future incidence overall cancer.

Language: Английский

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Pathophysiology and Nutritional Approaches in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Comprehensive Review

Current Nutrition Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 527 - 544

Published: May 22, 2023

Abstract Purpose of Review Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women reproductive age worldwide. This disease causes menstrual, metabolic, biochemical abnormalities such as hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulatory menstrual cycles, polycystic ovary, hyperleptinemia, insulin resistance (IR), cardiometabolic disorders, often associated with overweight or obesity visceral adiposity. Recent Findings The etiology pathophysiology PCOS are not yet fully understood, but seems to play a key role this disease. shares an inflammatory state other chronic diseases obesity, type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases; however, recent studies have shown that healthy nutritional approach can improve IR functions, representing valid therapeutic strategy ameliorate symptomatology. Summary review aimed summarize collect evidence about different approaches Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) ketogenic (KD), well bariatric surgery nutraceutical supplementation probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, among others, used patients PCOS.

Language: Английский

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Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) in the management of hidradenitis suppurativa (Acne Inversa): an effective and safe tool for improvement of the clinical severity of disease. Results of a pilot study

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Abstract Background Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), an inflammatory-based dermatological condition often associated with obesity, poses significant challenges in management. The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has shown efficacy addressing related metabolic disorders, and reducing chronic inflammation. However, its effects on HS remain underexplored. In this prospective pilot study, we aimed to investigate the impact of a 28-day active phase VLCKD sample treatment-naive women excess weight. Methods Twelve overweight or obesity (BMI 27.03 50.14 kg/m 2 ), aged 21 54 years, meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria agreeing adhere VLCKD, were included. Baseline lifestyle habits assessed. Sartorius score was used evaluate clinical severity HS. Anthropometric parameters (waist circumference, weight, height, body mass index), composition via bioelectrical impedance analysis, levels trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), derivatives reactive oxygen metabolites (dROMs) assessed at baseline after 28 days VLCKD. Results led general improvements anthropometric composition. Notably, reduction observed intervention (Δ%: − 24.37 ± 16.64, p < 0.001). This coincided decreases TMAO (p 0.001), dROMs = oxLDL 0.001) levels. Changes exhibited positive correlations changes 0.002). Conclusion demonstrated notable markers, highlighting potential utility managing association derangements obesity.

Language: Английский

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Obesity and Obesity-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Any Potential Role for the Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD)?

Current Nutrition Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 194 - 213

Published: March 25, 2024

Abstract Purpose of Review This review aims to explore in-depth the different aspects association between very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD), obesity and obesity-related thyroid dysfunction. Recent Findings The VLCKD, proposed as a non-pharmacological strategy for management certain chronic diseases, is becoming increasingly popular worldwide. Initially used treat epilepsy, it has been shown be effective in controlling body weight gain addressing various pathophysiological conditions. Research that low-calorie, high-fat can affect hormone levels. Weight loss also influence Studies have suggested long-term use VLCKD refractory epilepsy may related development hypothyroidism, with an effect seen populations. In particular, women following tend reduced T3 Summary We propose further research unravel underlying mechanisms linking

Language: Английский

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