Cronbach's Alpha: A Cornerstone in Ensuring Reliability and Validity in Environmental Health Assessment

ES Energy & Environments, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Cronbach's alpha (CA) presents significant potential in environmental health assessment.This metric plays a crucial role ensuring the reliability of measurement instruments, guaranteeing that they consistently capture intended constructs across various situations and over time.This review centres on exploring capabilities measures internal consistency, particularly CA, context assessment.The findings underscore indispensability CA health, especially involving high-stakes decisions.This emphasizes importance assessment tools, reinforcing their validity.In studies, emerges as highly promising, evaluation pollution using indices.Its indication strong consistency significantly contributes to construct validity tools.Furthermore, use ensures data reliability, informs sound decision-making, enhances overall effectiveness research this vital field.Therefore, its adoption application tools commonly employed for assessing human risks related toxicants are deemed necessary robustness process.Enhancing these processes involves incorporating factor analysis considering sample size.However, caution should be exercised avoid drawbacks, such assumption unidimensionality.

Language: Английский

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No Evidence of Reliability Across 36 Variations of the Emotional Dot-Probe Task in 9,600 Participants

Clinical Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 13, 2024

The emotional dot-probe task is a widely used measure of attentional bias to threat. Recent work suggests, however, that subtraction-based behavioral measures performance may not be appropriate for measuring such biases because poor reliability. In the two current studies, we systematically tested 36 versions varied in stimuli (faces, scenes, snakes/spiders), timing (stimulus onset asynchrony 100 ms, 500 900 ms), stimulus orientation (horizontal, vertical), and trial types (e.g., threat congruent incongruent). Across 9,600 participants, none demonstrated internal reliability greater than zero. Reliability was similarly anxious participants (based on Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 items or Brief Hypervigilance Scale). We conclude standard scores (difference based reaction time accuracy) derived from are adequately reliable nonanxious populations.

Language: Английский

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Hot and Cool Executive Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Schizotypal Traits

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 282 - 282

Published: March 6, 2025

Background: Schizotypal traits are notably prevalent among children diagnosed with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Both conditions commonly exhibit impairments in executive functions (EF), which encompass cool and hot processes. The observed deficits these EF domains across ASD schizotypy underscore a compelling need to investigate how their co-occurrence impacts EF. Methods: This study investigated the impact of co-occurring autistic schizotypal on 63 ASD, aged 7 12 years. Participants were assessed using Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 (ADOS-2), Melbourne Assessment Schizotypy Kids (MASK), battery tests. Results: Correlational analyses revealed significant association between MASK score working memory, as well ADOS scores various components (i.e., inhibition planning). Hierarchical regression showed that interaction significantly predicted performance affective decision-making), but not tasks. Conclusions: These findings suggest may have differential effects domains. Understanding combination affects cognitive processes inform tailored interventions support strategies for individuals presenting traits.

Language: Английский

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The Effect of Fitness on Performance, Exertion, and Cognition During Simulated Firefighter Occupational Tasks

Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 129 - 129

Published: April 11, 2025

Background: Fitness is relevant for firefighter occupational performance, but its influence on exertion and cognition during tasks remains unclear. We aim to determine fitness’s exertion, simulated tasks. Methods: Two baseline fitness assessments occurred measure aerobic fitness, strength, power, body composition in 33 non-firefighter participants (females/males: 15/18; 25.18 ± 4.06 years; 174.01 9.77 cm; 75.94 13.18 kg). A third visit involved completing an task assessment (OTA; four rounds of deadlifts, sandbag carries, a cognitive at 35 °C/50% humidity) the best their ability. Multiple linear regression models, including strength capacity, composition, were used predict OTA performance exertion. Our outcomes included time complete, OTA. Results: The model predicted time, RPE, skin temperature, blood lactate (ps < 0.02), not core temperature (p > 0.24). did errors 0.06). Conclusions: These metrics provide meaningful predictive insight into firefighters’ readiness

Language: Английский

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A New Remote Guided Method for Supervised Web-Based Cognitive Testing to Ensure High-Quality Data: Development and Usability Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. e28368 - e28368

Published: July 27, 2021

Background The global COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a fundamental reexamination of how human psychological research can be conducted safely and robustly in new era digital working physical distancing. Online web-based testing risen to the forefront as promising solution for rapid mass collection cognitive data without requiring contact. However, long-standing debate exists over quality validity studies. This study examines opportunities challenges afforded by societal shift toward highlights an urgent need establish standard assurance framework online Objective aims develop validate supervised methodology, remote guided (RGT). Methods A total 85 healthy young adults were tested on 10 tasks assessing executive functioning (flexibility, memory, inhibition) learning. Tasks administered either face-to-face laboratory (n=41) or using (n=44) delivered identical platforms (Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, Inquisit, i-ABC). Data was assessed detailed trial-level measures (missed trials, outlying excluded responses, response times) overall task performance measures. Results results indicated that, across all measures, RGT statistically-equivalent in-person collected lab (P>.40 comparisons). Moreover, participants out-performed group measured verbal intelligence (P<.001), which could reflect test environment differences, including possible effects mask-wearing communication. Conclusions These suggest that methodology help ameliorate concerns regarding quality—particularly studies involving high-risk rare cohorts—and offer alternative collecting high-quality attendance.

Language: Английский

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Anhedonia and sensitivity to punishment in schizophrenia, depression and opiate use disorder

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 330, P. 319 - 328

Published: March 6, 2023

From a behavioural perspective anhedonia is defined as diminished interest in the engagement of pleasurable activities. Despite its presence across range psychiatric disorders, cognitive processes that give rise to remain unclear.Here we examine whether associated with learning from positive and negative outcomes patients diagnosed major depression, schizophrenia opiate use disorder alongside healthy control group. Responses Wisconsin Card Sorting Test - task prefrontal cortex function were fitted Attentional Learning Model (ALM) which separates feedback.Learning punishment, but not reward, was negatively beyond other socio-demographic, clinical variables. This impairment punishment sensitivity also faster responses following feedback, independently degree surprise.Future studies should test longitudinal association between populations controlling for effect specific medications.Together results reveal anhedonic subjects, because their expectations, are less sensitive feedbacks; this might lead them persist actions leading outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Neurocognitive and self-reported psychosocial and behavioral functioning in siblings of individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions: a study using remote self-administered testing

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(5), P. 513 - 536

Published: Oct. 1, 2023

Objective This study compared and explored the neurocognitive profiles of siblings persons with without neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) associations between objective test performance self-reported psychosocial functioning.

Language: Английский

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Strain measurement consistency of distributed fiber optic sensors for monitoring composite structures under various loading

Procedia Structural Integrity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 52, P. 709 - 718

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This research presents a comprehensive investigation into the measurement consistency of distributed fiber optic sensing in composite structures under diverse test scenarios. The study encompasses fifty-six independent experiments, categorized six groups, comprising tensile, fatigue, three-point bending, and three sets temperature experiments. strain-frequency shift coefficient temperature-frequency based on Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry different scenarios are visually represented using Cumming plots, their normality is rigorously assessed utilizing Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Furthermore, coefficients' evaluated through Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, Split-half reliability, predicated confirmed normal distribution conclusion. results demonstrate that consistently remains around -6.4 //e/GHz across tests, while being subject to ambient variations. notably influenced by coating material installation state single mode sensors, with recorded values -1.55°C / GHz (acrylate coating, free state), -1.04°C surface mounted), -1.28°C /GHz (polymer respectively. Remarkably, both exhibit high entire range In addition, standard uncertainty (type A) frequency measurements below 0.1 GHz, affirming robustness reliability for strain data acquisition structures. These findings underscore capability accurately characterizing materials varying environmental conditions loading.

Language: Английский

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Cross-sectional Developmental Trajectories of Executive Function and Relations to Theory of Mind in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(3), P. 157 - 174

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Developmental executive function (EF) theories have proposed distinct domains of EF (cool and hot) but the development in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been assessed mainly with cool measures. Little is known regarding hot ASD. suggested to strongly associate theory mind (ToM) typical correlation between ToM understudied The current study was aimed at investigating cross-sectional developmental changes middle childhood adolescence their association Eighty-two children adolescents (7–16 years) were measures (inhibition, working memory, planning, cognitive flexibility), (affective decision-making delay discounting), (2nd-order false belief ignorance; mental state/emotion recognition). Our results showed that trajectories all presented linear age-related improvements In terms EF, demonstrated non-linear functions age for affective discounting. Both found over above age, while associated as well. investigation may help define potential phenotypes across within

Language: Английский

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Executive Functions and Theory of Mind in Teachers and Non-Teachers

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(9), P. e19915 - e19915

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Human teaching is a key behavior for the socialization of cultural knowledge. Previous studies suggest that human would support development executive and ToM skills, which in turn refine behavior. Given this connection, it raises question whether subjects with professional training also have more efficient systems. To shed light on issue, present study we compared performance teachers (N = 20, age range 35–61 years) matched control group non-teachers range: 29–64 tasks measuring working memory (Sternberg Task), cognitive flexibility (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test), (Attention Network along online skills (Frith–Happé Animations emotion recognition (Reading Mind Eyes Test) first-order second-order (Yoni Task). We found were significantly accurate involving (p .014) .040), requiring attention .046), to non-teachers. In tasks, differences accuracy between not found. But, slower respond than (about 2 s difference) .0007) use affective .006). Collectively, our findings raise an interesting link critical decision-making challenging social contexts such as classroom. Future research could explore ways foster teachers' strengths flexibility, memory, enhance strategies student learning outcomes. Additionally, exploring factors behind response times can guide teacher-training programs focused interpersonal improve teacher-student interactions.

Language: Английский

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