The effects of microgravity on differentiation and cell growth in stem cells and cancer stem cells

Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(8), P. 882 - 894

Published: April 30, 2020

A spaceflight has enormous influence on the health of space voyagers due to combined effects microgravity and cosmic radiation. Known (μg) cells are changes in differentiation growth. Considering commercialization spaceflight, future exploration, long-term manned flights, research focusing growth stem cancer exposed real (r-) simulated (s-) μg is high interest for regenerative medicine research. In this review, we focus platforms study r- s-μg as well impact field gastrointestinal cancer, lung osteosarcoma. Moreover, review current knowledge different types conditions with regard engineering cartilage, bone, vasculature, heart, skin, liver constructs.

Language: Английский

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Paclitaxel-Based Chemotherapy Targeting Cancer Stem Cells from Mono- to Combination Therapy

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 500 - 500

Published: May 2, 2021

Paclitaxel (PTX) is a chemotherapeutical agent commonly used to treat several kinds of cancer. PTX known as microtubule-targeting with primary molecular mechanism that disrupts the dynamics microtubules and induces mitotic arrest cell death. Simultaneously, other mechanisms have been evaluated in many studies. Since anticancer activity was discovered, it has cancer patients become one most extensively drugs. Regrettably, resistance considered an extensive obstacle clinical applications major causes death correlated treatment failure. Therefore, combination drugs could lead efficient therapeutic strategies. Here, we summarize PTX, current studies focusing on review promising combinations.

Language: Английский

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Targeting Cancer Stem Cells as the Key Driver of Carcinogenesis and Therapeutic Resistance

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 1786 - 1786

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

The emerging concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) as the key driver behind carcinogenesis, progression, and diversity has displaced prior model a tumor composed with similar subsequently acquired mutations an equivalent capacity for renewal, invasion, metastasis. This significant change shifted research focus toward targeting CSCs to eradicate cancer. may be characterized using cell surface markers. They are defined by their self-renew differentiate, resist conventional therapies, generate new tumors following repeated transplantation in xenografted mice. CSCs' functional capabilities governed various intracellular extracellular variables such pluripotency-related transcription factors, internal signaling pathways, external stimuli. Numerous natural compounds synthetic chemicals have been investigated ability disrupt these regulatory components inhibit stemness terminal differentiation CSCs, hence achieving clinical implications. However, no treatment focuses on biological consequences drugs functions established. article provides biomedical discussion at time along overview origin, features, characterization, isolation techniques, novel targeted therapeutic approaches. Additionally, we highlighted factors endorsed controlling or helping promote CSCs. Our objective was encourage future studies prospective treatments develop framework application single combined therapeutics forms

Language: Английский

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Cancer stem cells: Recent insights and therapies

Biochemical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 209, P. 115441 - 115441

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Language: Английский

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The role of tumor microenvironment on cancer stem cell fate in solid tumors

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: June 16, 2023

Abstract In the last few decades, role of cancer stem cells in initiating tumors, metastasis, invasion, and resistance to therapies has been recognized as a potential target for tumor therapy. Understanding mechanisms by which CSCs contribute progression can help provide novel therapeutic approaches against solid tumors. this line, effects mechanical forces on such epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cellular plasticity, etc., metabolism pathways CSCs, players microenvironment, their influence regulating lead progression. This review focused some these paving way better understanding regulatory developing platforms targeted therapies. While progress made research, more studies will be required future explore aspects how

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of Melanoma Progression and Treatment Resistance: Role of Cancer Stem-like Cells

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 470 - 470

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Melanoma is the third most common type of skin cancer, characterized by its heterogeneity and propensity to metastasize distant organs. a heterogeneous tumor, composed genetically divergent subpopulations, including small fraction melanoma-initiating cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) many non-cancer stem (non-CSCs). CSCs are their unique surface proteins associated with aberrant signaling pathways causal or consequential relationship tumor progression, drug resistance, recurrence. Melanomas also harbor significant alterations in functional genes (BRAF, CDKN2A, NRAS, TP53, NF1). Of these, BRAF NRAS oncogenes, 50% melanomas demonstrating mutation (BRAF

Language: Английский

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The tumor microenvironment: shaping cancer progression and treatment response

Journal of Chemotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 30

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in cancer progression and treatment response. It comprises complex network of stromal cells, immune extracellular matrix, blood vessels, all which interact with cells influence behaviour. This review article provides an in-depth examination the TME, focusing on signaling molecules, ECM, along commonly available therapeutic compounds that target these components. Moreover, we explore TME as novel strategy for discovering new anti-tumor drugs. dynamic adaptive nature offers opportunities targeting specific cellular interactions pathways. We discuss emerging approaches, such combination therapies simultaneously modulate TME. Finally, address challenges future prospects Overcoming drug resistance, improving delivery, identifying targets within are among discussed. also highlight potential personalized medicine integration technologies, immunotherapy nanotechnology, TME-targeted therapies. comprehensive insights into its implications. Understanding TME's complexity components offer promising avenues development improved patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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A novel model of liver cancer stem cells developed from induced pluripotent stem cells

British Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 122(9), P. 1378 - 1390

Published: March 17, 2020

Abstract Background Liver cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death. Every type tumours including liver contains stem cells (CSCs). To date, molecular mechanism regulating development CSCs remains unknown. Methods In this study, we tried to generate a new model by converting mouse induced pluripotent (miPSCs) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line Huh7 conditioned medium (CM). miPSCs treated CM were injected into BALB/c nude mice. The developed then excised and analysed. Results primary cultured from malignant tumour possessed self-renewal capacity, differentiation potential tumorigenicity in vivo, which found rich cancer-associated markers as well CSC markers. Conclusions We established miPS showed different stages stemness during conversion process. Our will be important assess mechanisms necessary develop could help defeating cancer.

Language: Английский

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Revisiting Cancer Stem Cells as the Origin of Cancer-Associated Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment: A Hypothetical View from the Potential of iPSCs

Cancers, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 879 - 879

Published: April 4, 2020

The tumor microenvironment (TME) has an essential role in initiation and development. Tumor cells are considered to actively create their during tumorigenesis TME contains multiple types of stromal cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), endothelial (TECs), tumor-associated adipocytes (TAAs), macrophages (TAMs) others. These work together with the extracellular matrix (ECM) many other factors coordinately contribute growth maintenance. Although functions well understood, origin these is still obscure. Many scientists have tried demonstrate cells. Some researchers postulated that originated from surrounding normal tissues, others demonstrated cancer Recent evidence demonstrates stem (CSCs) differentiation abilities generate original lineage for promoting metastasis. CSCs into provides a new dimension explains heterogeneity. Using induced pluripotent (iPSCs), our group postulates could be one key sources CAFs, TECs, TAAs, TAMs as descendants, which support self-renewal potential exhibit In this review, we summarize components, interactions within insight therapy. Especially, focus on possible also discuss multi-lineage potentials exploiting iPSCs society tissues including TME.

Language: Английский

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Cancer Stem Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment: Targeting the Critical Crosstalk through Nanocarrier Systems

Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(7), P. 2209 - 2233

Published: July 25, 2022

The physiological state of the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a central role in cancer development due to multiple universal features that transcend heterogeneity and niche specifications, like promoting progression metastasis. As result their preponderant involvement growth maintenance through several microsystemic alterations, including hypoxia, oxidative stress, acidosis, TMEs make for ideal targets both diagnostic therapeutic ventures. Correspondingly, methodologies target have been investigated this past decade as stratagems significant potential genre focused treatment. Within targeted oncotherapy, nanomedical derivates-nanocarriers (NCs) especially-have emerged present notable prospects enhancing targeting specificity. Yet, one major issue application NCs microenvironmental directed therapy is are too broad spectrum possibilities these carriers be effectively employed. However, stem cells (CSCs) might portend solution above conundrum: aside from being quite heavily invested tumorigenesis resistance, CSCs also show self-renewal fluid clonogenic properties often define specific TME niches. Further scrutiny relationship between points towards mechanisms underly tumoral characteristics metastasis, malignancy, even resistance. This review summarizes recent advances NC-enabled more holistic strikes against discusses current challenges hinder clinical strategies well avenues can further CSC-targeting initiatives. Central regulation cellular components within TME.

Language: Английский

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