Molecular mechanisms and functions of pyroptosis in sepsis and sepsis-associated organ dysfunction

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 29, 2022

Sepsis, a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection, is leading cause of death in intensive care units. The development sepsis-associated (SAOD) poses threat the survival patients with sepsis. Unfortunately, pathogenesis sepsis and SAOD complicated, multifactorial, has not been completely clarified. Recently, numerous studies have demonstrated that pyroptosis, which characterized inflammasome caspase activation cell membrane pore formation, involved Unlike apoptosis, pyroptosis pro-inflammatory form programmed participates regulation immunity inflammation. Related shown sepsis, moderate promotes clearance pathogens, whereas excessive leads immune disorders SAOD. Additionally, transcription factors, non-coding RNAs, epigenetic modifications post-translational can directly or indirectly regulate pyroptosis-related molecules. Pyroptosis also interacts autophagy, NETosis, necroptosis. This review summarizes roles regulatory mechanisms As our understanding functions improves, new diagnostic biomarkers targeted therapies associated improve clinical outcomes appears promising future.

Language: Английский

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LncRNAs associated with oxidative stress in diabetic wound healing: Regulatory mechanisms and application prospects

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 3655 - 3674

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Diabetes is a group of chronic diseases with blood glucose imbalance, and long-term hyperglycaemia causes sustained damage to various organs the body, resulting in vascular lesions, neuropathy impaired wound healing.Diabetic formation involves variety complex mechanisms, they are characterized by persistent inflammatory response, degradation angiogenesis imbalance extracellular matrix regulation, all which related oxidative stress.Additionally, repair healing diabetic wounds require participation cells, cytokines, genes, other factors, together constitute biological regulatory network.Recent studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can be involved regulation several key pathways cellular functions demonstrating their critical role healing.LncRNAs major family limited or no protein-coding function.Numerous recently reported strong link between stress lncRNAs.Given both lncRNAs been identified as potential drivers healing, inferred.However, specific mechanism still unclear, elucidating these processes remains challenge.This article reviews mechanisms stages discusses diagnostic treatment treat improving stress, well challenges using for this purpose.It hoped results will provide new targets strategies diagnosis patients.

Language: Английский

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Roles of HOTAIR Long Non-coding RNA in Gliomas and Other CNS Disorders

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(1)

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Abstract HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA ( HOTAIR ) is a long non-coding (lncRNA) which increasingly being perceived as tremendous molecular mediator of brain pathophysiology at multiple levels. Epigenetic regulation target gene expression carried out by thorough modulation chromatin modifiers; histone methyltransferase polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and demethylase lysine-specific 1 (LSD1). Incidentally, was the first lncRNA shown to elicit sponging specific microRNA (miRNA or miR) species in trans-acting manner. It has been extensively studied various cancers, including gliomas regarded prominent pro-tumorigenic pro-oncogenic lncRNA. Indeed, may serve glioma grade predictor prognostic biomarker. The objective this timely review not only outline multifaceted pathogenic roles development but also delineate research findings implicating it critical regulator overall pathophysiology. While major focus on neuro-oncology, wherein represents particularly potent underlying player suitable therapeutic target, mechanisms regulatory actions neurodegeneration, traumatic, hypoxic ischemic injuries, neuropsychiatric disorders are presented. Graphical HOTAIR-mediated epigenetic DNA miRNAs. 5′ end regulates H3K27 trimethylation activity catalytic subunit enhancer Zeste homolog (EZH2) (PRC2), its 3′ modulates H3K4 demethylation binds competitively inhibits functions miRNAs, altering downstream genes.

Language: Английский

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Emerging roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in fruit and vegetables

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(4)

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

With the development of genome sequencing technologies, many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in fruit and vegetables. lncRNAs are primarily transcribed spliced by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) or plant-specific Pol IV/V, exhibit limited evolutionary conservation. intricately regulate various aspects vegetables, including pigment accumulation, reproductive tissue development, ripening, responses to biotic abiotic stresses, through diverse mechanisms such as gene expression modulation, interaction with hormones transcription factors, microRNA regulation, involvement alternative splicing. This review presents a comprehensive overview lncRNA classification, basic characteristics, and, most importantly, recent advances understanding their functions regulatory mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Investigating the role of exosomal long non-coding RNAs in drug resistance within female reproductive system cancers

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Exosomes, as key mediators of intercellular communication, have been increasingly recognized for their role in the oncogenic processes, particularly facilitating drug resistance. This article delves into emerging evidence linking exosomal lncRNAs to modulation resistance mechanisms cancers such ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancer. It synthesizes current research findings on how these influence cancer cell survival, tumor microenvironment, chemotherapy efficacy. Additionally, review highlights potential therapeutic strategies targeting lncRNAs, proposing a new frontier overcoming By mapping interface resistance, this aims provide comprehensive understanding that could pave way innovative treatments improved patient outcomes female reproductive system cancers.

Language: Английский

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Advances of Epigenetic Biomarkers and Epigenome Editing for Early Diagnosis in Breast Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(17), P. 9521 - 9521

Published: Aug. 23, 2022

Epigenetic modifications are known to regulate cell phenotype during cancer progression, including breast cancer. Unlike genetic alterations, changes in the epigenome reversible, thus potentially reversed by epi-drugs. Breast cancer, most common cause of death worldwide women, encompasses multiple histopathological and molecular subtypes. Several lines evidence demonstrated distortion epigenetic landscape Interestingly, mammary cells isolated from patients cultured ex vivo maintained tumorigenic exhibited aberrant modifications. Recent studies indicated that therapeutic efficiency for regimens has increased over time, resulting reduced mortality. Future medical treatment patients, however, will likely depend upon a better understanding The present review aims outline different mechanisms DNA methylation, histone modifications, ncRNAs with their impact on as well discuss highlighting central role pathogenesis. We propose new research areas may facilitate locus-specific editing therapeutics.

Language: Английский

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Long Non-Coding RNAs, Cell Cycle, and Human Breast Cancer

Human Gene Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(11-12), P. 481 - 494

Published: May 27, 2023

The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute an important class of the human transcriptome. discovery lncRNAs provided one many unexpected results post-genomic era and uncovered a huge number previously ignored transcriptional events. In recent years, are known to be linked with diseases, particular focus on cancer. Growing evidence has indicated that dysregulation in breast cancer (BC) is strongly associated occurrence, development, progress. Increasing numbers have been found interact cell cycle progression tumorigenesis BC. can exert their effect as tumor suppressor or oncogene regulate development through direct indirect regulation cancer-related modulators signaling pathways. What more, excellent candidates for promising therapeutic targets BC due features high tissue cell-type specific expression. However, underlying mechanisms still remain largely undefined. Here, we concisely summarize sort out current understanding research progress relationships roles lncRNA regulating cycle. We also aberrant expression BC, potential improve therapy discussed. Together, considered exciting whose altered impede progression.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Therapeutic Significance of microRNAs and lncRNAs in Kidney Diseases

Genes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 123 - 123

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two crucial classes of transcripts that belong to the major group (ncRNAs). These RNA molecules have significant influence over diverse molecular processes due their role as regulators gene expression. However, dysregulated expression these ncRNAs constitutes a fundamental factor in etiology progression wide variety multifaceted human diseases, including kidney diseases. In this context, past years, compelling evidence has shown miRNAs lncRNAs could be prospective targets for development next-generation drugs against diseases they participate number disease-associated processes, such podocyte nephron death, renal fibrosis, inflammation, transition from acute injury chronic disease, vascular changes, sepsis, pyroptosis, apoptosis. Hence, current review, we critically analyze recent findings concerning therapeutic inferences pathophysiological context Additionally, with aim driving advances formulation ncRNA-based tailored management discuss some key challenges future prospects should addressed forthcoming investigations.

Language: Английский

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A signal-switchable photoelectrochemical biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of long non-coding RNA in cancer cells

Talanta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 273, P. 125878 - 125878

Published: March 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Non-Coding RNAs Regulating Mitochondrial Functions and the Oxidative Stress Response as Putative Targets against Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 2636 - 2636

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an ever-increasing, insidious disease which reduces the quality of life millions elderly people around world. AMD characterised by damage to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in macula region retina. The origins this multi-factorial are complex and still not fully understood. Oxidative stress mitochondrial imbalance RPE believed be important factors development AMD. In review, regulation function antioxidant response non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), newly emerged epigenetic factors, discussed. These molecules include microRNAs, long RNAs, circular RNAs. They act mainly as mRNA suppressors, controllers other ncRNAs, or interacting with proteins. We here examples these RNA affect various processes signaling cell. As a future prospect, possibility manipulate ncRNAs strengthen functions Non-coding could used potential diagnostic markers for AMD, future, also therapeutic targets, either suppressing increasing their expression. addition it possible that regulators oxidative stress-related degenerative diseases.

Language: Английский

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