Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
29(5)
Published: May 13, 2024
This
review
article
explores
the
intricate
correlation
between
growth
factors
and
bone
metastases,
which
play
a
crucial
role
in
development
of
several
types
malignancies,
namely
breast,
prostate,
lung,
renal
cancers.
The
focal
point
our
discussion
is
on
receptors
for
factors,
including
Epidermal
Growth
Factor
Receptor
(EGFR),
Transforming
Factor-β
(TGFβ),
Vascular
Endothelial
(VEGFR),
Fibroblast
(FGFR).
These
receptors,
are
essential
cellular
activities
growth,
differentiation,
survival,
have
important
involvement
spread
cancer
interactions
tumors
environment.
We
discuss
underlying
mechanisms
with
specific
emphasis
interaction
factor
microenvironment.
EGFR
signaling
specifically
enhances
process
osteoclast
formation
osteolytic
lesions,
especially
breast
lung
malignancies.
TGFβ
both
osteoblastic
metastases
by
releasing
TGFβ,
attracts
cells
promotes
remodeling.
element
prostate
to
bones.
functions
FGFR
VEGFR
processes
tumor
angiogenesis,
respectively,
highlight
complex
diverse
nature
these
interactions.
emphasizes
possibility
targeted
therapeutics
targeting
interrupt
cycle
degradation.
Therapeutic
approaches
include
focusing
VEGF/VEGFR,
EGF/EGFR,
FGF/FGFR,
TGFβ/TGFβR
pathways.
variety
compounds,
such
as
small
molecule
inhibitors
monoclonal
antibodies,
shown
potential
interfere
tumor-induced
alterations
bone.
text
discusses
clinical
trials
preclinical
models,
offering
insights
into
effectiveness
constraints
various
treatments.
Ultimately,
this
study
provides
succinct
but
thorough
summary
present
knowledge
treatment
strategies
focused
metastases.
highlights
significance
comprehending
microenvironment
where
bones,
well
using
therapies
enhance
results
patients
advancement
treating
hinges
treatments
that
target
relationships
malignancies
Cancer Gene Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
31(9), P. 1283 - 1291
Published: Feb. 26, 2024
Dysregulated
cellular
proliferation
represents
a
hallmark
feature
across
all
cancers.
Aberrant
activation
of
the
cyclin-dependent
kinase
4
and
6
(CDK4/6)
pathway,
independent
mitogenic
signaling,
engenders
uncontrolled
breast
cancer
cell
proliferation.
Consequently,
advent
CDK4/6
inhibition
has
constituted
pivotal
milestone
in
realm
targeted
therapy.
The
combination
inhibitors
(CDK4/6i)
with
endocrine
therapy
(ET)
emerged
as
foremost
therapeutic
modality
for
patients
afflicted
hormone
receptor-positive
(HR
+
)/HER2-negative
(HER2-)
advanced
cancer.
At
present,
Food
Drug
Administration
(FDA)
sanctioned
various
CDK4/6i
employment
primary
treatment
regimen
HR
/HER2-
This
approach
demonstrated
substantial
extension
progression-free
survival
(PFS),
often
amounting
to
several
months,
when
administered
alongside
Within
this
comprehensive
review,
we
systematically
evaluate
utilization
strategies
subpopulations
explore
potential
avenues
following
disease
progression
during
application
Cells,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(15), P. 2308 - 2308
Published: July 27, 2022
Multiple
Myeloma
(MM)
is
a
hematologic
malignancy
characterized
by
the
proliferation
of
monoclonal
plasma
cells
localized
within
bone
marrow.
Bone
disease
with
associated
osteolytic
lesions
hallmark
MM
and
develops
in
majority
patients.
Approximately
half
patients
will
experience
skeletal-related
events
(SREs),
such
as
spinal
cord
compression
pathologic
fractures,
which
increase
risk
mortality
20–40%.
At
cellular
level,
results
from
tumor-cell-driven
imbalance
between
osteoclast
resorption
osteoblast
formation,
thereby
creating
favorable
environment
for
resorption.
The
use
inhibitory
therapies
bisphosphonates,
zoledronic
acid
RANKL
inhibitor
denosumab,
have
been
shown
to
delay
lower
SREs,
well
need
surgery
or
radiation
therapy
treat
severe
complications.
This
review
outlines
our
current
understanding
molecular
underpinnings
disease,
available
therapeutic
options,
highlights
recent
advances
management
MM-related
disease.
Frontiers in Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: Feb. 13, 2023
Denosumab,
a
fully
humanized
monoclonal
neutralizing
antibody,
inhibits
activation
of
the
RANK/RANKL/OPG
signaling
pathway
through
competitive
binding
with
RANKL,
thereby
inhibiting
osteoclast-mediated
bone
resorption.
Denosumab
loss;
therefore,
it
is
used
to
treat
metabolic
diseases
(including
postmenopausal
osteoporosis,
male
and
glucocorticoid-induced
osteoporosis),
in
clinical
practice.
Since
then,
multiple
effects
denosumab
have
been
discovered.
A
growing
body
evidence
suggests
that
has
variety
pharmacological
activities
broad
potential
such
as
osteoarthritis,
tumors,
other
autoimmune
diseases.
Currently,
emerging
treatment
for
patients
malignancy
metastases,
also
shows
direct
or
indirect
anti-tumor
preclinical
models
applications.
However,
an
innovative
drug,
its
use
metastasis
malignant
tumors
still
insufficient,
mechanism
action
needs
be
further
investigated.
This
review
systematically
summarizes
current
understanding
practice
help
clinicians
researchers
deepen
their
denosumab.
International Journal of Nanomedicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 19, P. 1867 - 1886
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Abstract:
Although
the
frequency
of
bone
metastases
from
breast
cancer
has
increased,
effective
treatment
is
lacking,
prompting
development
nanomedicine,
which
involves
use
nanotechnology
for
disease
diagnosis
and
treatment.
Nanocarrier
drug
delivery
systems
offer
several
advantages
over
traditional
methods,
such
as
higher
reliability
biological
activity,
improved
penetration
retention,
precise
targeting
delivery.
Various
nanoparticles
that
can
selectively
target
tumor
cells
without
causing
harm
to
healthy
or
organs
have
been
synthesized.
Recent
advances
in
enabled
prevention
metastatic
diseases
well
ability
deliver
complex
molecular
"cargo"
particles
regions.
Nanoparticles
modulate
systemic
biodistribution
enable
targeted
accumulation
therapeutic
agents.
Several
strategies
are
used
treat
metastases,
including
untargeted
delivery,
bone-targeted
cell-targeted
Combining
agents
with
enhances
selective
payloads
lesions,
providing
multiple
In
this
review,
we
describe
recent
nanoparticle
treating
metastases.
Keywords:
cancer,
metastasis,
nanoparticle,
Frontiers in Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: Jan. 25, 2023
Bone
metastases,
as
one
of
the
common
types
metastatic
tumors,
have
a
great
impact
on
survival
period
and
quality
life
patients.
metastases
are
usually
characterized
by
bone
destruction.
Skeletal
related
events
caused
destruction
often
lead
to
pain,
pathological
fractures
even
paralysis.
In
this
review,
we
provide
detailed
explanation
from
epidemiology,
clinical
features,
pathogenesis,
recently
developed
treatment
viewpoints.
We
concluded
that
incidence
is
increasing
gradually,
with
serious
symptoms,
complex
pathogenesis
diverse
treatment.
Tumor
cells,
immune
osteoblasts/osteoclasts
other
cells
well
cytokines
enzymes
all
play
key
role
in
metastases.
believe
future
will
be
diversified
comprehensive.
Some
advanced
technologies,
such
nanomedicine,
could
used
for
treatment,
but
depends
understanding
how
disease
occurs.
With
development
time
patients
improved.
Biomaterials Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
27(1)
Published: Feb. 9, 2023
Malignant
bone
tumors
are
characterized
by
severe
disability
rate,
mortality
and
heavy
recurrence
rate
owing
to
the
complex
pathogenesis
insidious
disease
progression,
which
seriously
affect
terminal
quality
of
patients'
lives.
Photothermal
therapy
(PTT)
has
emerged
as
an
attractive
adjunctive
treatment
offering
prominent
hyperthermal
therapeutic
effects
enhance
effectiveness
surgical
avoid
recurrence.
Simultaneously,
various
advanced
biomaterials
with
photothermal
capacity
currently
created
address
malignant
tumors,
performing
distinctive
biological
functions,
including
nanomaterials,
bioceramics
(BC),
polymers,
hydrogels
et
al.
Furthermore,
PTT-related
combination
strategies
can
provide
more
significant
curative
benefits
reducing
drug
toxicity,
improving
tumor-killing
efficiency,
stimulating
anti-cancer
immunity,
immune
sensitivity
relative
monotherapy,
even
in
tumor
microenvironments
(TME).
This
review
summarizes
current
applicable
PTT
relevant
therapies
on
for
first
time.
The
multiple
choices
biomaterials,
methods,
new
prospects
future
research
treating
generalized
guidance.
enhancing
avoiding
In
this
review,
their
functions
comprehensively
summarized
classified
optimize
practical
clinical
issues,
contributing
selection
alternatives,
perspectives
adjuvant
future.
Journal of Biological Engineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18(1)
Published: Feb. 5, 2024
Abstract
Bone
metastasis
is
considered
as
a
considerable
challenge
for
breast
cancer
patients.
Various
in
vitro
and
vivo
models
have
been
developed
to
examine
this
occurrence.
In
are
employed
simulate
the
intricate
tumor
microenvironment,
investigate
interplay
between
cells
their
adjacent
evaluate
effectiveness
of
therapeutic
interventions
tumors.
The
endeavor
replicate
latency
period
bone
animal
has
presented
challenge,
primarily
due
necessity
primary
removal
presence
multiple
potential
metastatic
sites.
utilization
novel
models,
including
three-dimensional
(3D)
proposed
promising
approach
overcome
constraints
associated
with
conventional
2D
models.
However,
existing
3D
limited
by
various
factors,
such
irregular
cellular
proliferation,
autofluorescence,
changes
genetic
epigenetic
expression.
imperative
advancement
future
applications
lies
standardization
automation.
artificial
intelligence
exhibits
capability
predict
behavior
through
examination
substrate
materials'
chemical
composition,
geometry,
mechanical
performance.
implementation
these
algorithms
possesses
progression
proliferation
cancer.
This
paper
reviewed
mechanisms
following
Current
metastasis,
along
challenges,
well
perspectives
using
translational
drug
development,
were
discussed.
