Oxidative Stress and Potential Antioxidant Therapies in Vitiligo: A Narrative Review

Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(6), P. 723 - 739

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder characterised by the loss of melanocytes and subsequent depigmentation. Although many theories have been proposed in literature, none alone explains pathogenesis vitiligo. Oxidative stress has identified as potential factor A growing body evidence suggests that antioxidant therapies may offer promising approach to managing this condition. This review summarises mechanisms oxidative types melanocyte death We also provide brief overview most commonly studied antioxidants. Melanocytes vitiligo are thought be damaged an accumulation reactive oxygen species destroy structural functional integrity their DNA, lipids, proteins. Various causes, including exogenous endogenous factors, imbalance between prooxidants antioxidants, disruption pathways, gene polymorphisms, lead overproduction species. necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, oxeiptosis newer cell contribute pathophysiology vitiligo, apoptosis remains mechanism According studies, vitamin E helps treat lipid peroxidation caused psoralen ultra-violet treatment. In addition, Polypodium leucotomos increased efficacy or narrow-band ultraviolet B therapy. Our provides valuable insights into role antioxidant-based supporting treating offering avenue for further research development effective treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Interventions, Supplements, and Plant-Derived Compounds for Adjunct Vitiligo Management: A Review of the Literature

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 357 - 357

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune pigmentation disorder shaped by complex interplay of genetic predispositions and environmental triggers. While conventional therapies—phototherapy, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants—can be effective, their benefits are often partial temporary, with recurrence common once treatment stops. As such, there increasing interest in exploring complementary approaches that may offer more sustainable impact. Emerging evidence suggests macronutrient micronutrient-level changes could beneficial for managing progression and, some cases, facilitating repigmentation. Antioxidant-rich foods, such as apples, green tea, Indian gooseberry, onions, peppers, help mitigate oxidative stress, while inflammatory gluten high-phenol nuts berries, exacerbate the condition. Certain supplements, including high-dose vitamin D, C, E, selenium, enhance phototherapy outcomes. Omega-3 other unsaturated fatty acids, addition to prebiotics probiotics, under active investigation roles gut health immune regulation. Notably, plant-derived compounds, i.e., Ginkgo biloba, have demonstrated promise promoting repigmentation disease progression. However, it must emphasized these nutritional interventions remain exploratory, research needed establish efficacy, safety, optimal usage before they can recommended part standard regimen.

Language: Английский

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Comorbidity Burden Among Patients with Vitiligo in the United States: A Large-Scale Retrospective Claims Database Analysis

Dermatology and Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 2265 - 2277

Published: Sept. 5, 2023

Vitiligo is often associated with comorbid conditions that may increase economic burden and affect patients' health-related quality of life. No large-scale study has been published to date using claims databases evaluate the comorbidities among patients vitiligo. Herein, we comorbidity diagnosed vitiligo from US. This retrospective cohort analysis used Merative MarketScan Commercial Database. Eligible were between January 2008 December 2020 matched 1:4 (vitiligo:control) control subjects no diagnosis 2007 2021. Study outcomes incidence after matching, adjusted hazard ratios relative subjects, time or incidence. Baseline demographics well balanced (n = 13,687) cohorts 54,748). Incidence rates higher compared (psychiatric, 28.4% vs 22.8%; autoimmune, 13.4% 5.1%; non-autoimmune, 10.0% 7.0%). The most common psychiatric autoimmune in included anxiety (14.3% 11.0%, respectively), sleep disturbance (9.1% 7.1%), depression (8.0% 6.3%), atopic dermatitis (3.1% 1.1%), psoriasis (2.7% 0.6%), linear morphea (1.5% 0.1%). risk developing any (hazard ratio 1.31; P < 0.01), 2.77; non-autoimmune 1.45; 0.01) was significantly Time 1–3 years, although at 1 year. Results this demonstrated much more likely be following a diagnosis, which contributed increased lower Vitiligo, long-lasting disorder patches skin lose color, other medical life cost caring for disorder. studies are currently available look how In study, determine occurrence timing US who have We Database, captures prescription drug data 145.5 million people Patients had did not looked without it took another condition happen. authors found 13,687 54,748 vitiligo, an (disorders body's immune system attacks healthy tissue) (mental, emotional, behavioral) disorder, amount money needed care reduced

Language: Английский

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p-Hydroxy benzaldehyde, a phenolic compound from Nostoc commune, ameliorates DSS-induced colitis against oxidative stress via the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO-1/NF-κB/AP-1 pathway

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 133, P. 155941 - 155941

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), presents with limited current drug treatment options. Consequently, the search for safe and effective UC prevention is imperative. Our prior studies have demonstrated that phenolic compound p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (HD) from Nostoc commune, effectively mitigates intestinal inflammation. However, mechanisms underlying HD's anti-inflammatory effects remain unclear.

Language: Английский

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The role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in vitiligo: a review

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Vitiligo is an acquired autoimmune dermatosis characterized by patchy skin depigmentation, causing significant psychological distress to the patients. Genetic susceptibility, environmental triggers, oxidative stress, and autoimmunity contribute melanocyte destruction in vitiligo. Due diversity complexity of pathogenesis, combination inhibiting stimulating melanogenesis gives best results treating The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) a ligand-activated transcription factor that can regulate expression various downstream genes play roles cell differentiation, immune response, physiological homeostasis maintenance. Recent studies suggested AhR signaling pathway was downregulated Activation helps activate antioxidant pathways, inhibit abnormal immunity upregulate gene, thereby protecting melanocytes from stress damage, controlling disease progression, promoting lesion repigmentation. Here, we review relevant literature summarize possible vitiligo pathogenesis treatment, further understand links between vitiligo, provide new potential therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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Mini-review: research and progress of oxeiptosis in diseases

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: June 20, 2024

Oxeiptosis is a novel cell death pathway that was introduced in 2018. As form of regulated death, it operates independently caspases and induced by ROS. Distinguished from other pathways such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, oxeiptosis features unique damage causes pivotal genes, signaling (KEAP1/PGAM5/AIFM1). Emerging studies indicate plays significant role the progression various diseases its regulation could serve promising therapeutic target. However, precise molecular mechanisms underlying remain to be fully elucidated. In this mini-review, we systematically summarize latest developments oxeiptosis-related while detailing regulatory networks oxeiptosis. These insights offer foundation for deeper understanding

Language: Английский

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The effect of antioxidant dietary supplements and diet-derived circulating antioxidants on vitiligo outcome: evidence from genetic association and comprehensive Mendelian randomization

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Background Previous studies have indicated that antioxidant diets may a positive impact on vitiligo by interfering with oxidative stress mechanisms. However, there has been lack of research utilizing the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to analyze relationship between diet intake and vitiligo. Methods In this study, we employed both univariate (UVMR) multivariate (MVMR) approaches. The specific dietary supplements (such as coffee intake, green tea herbal standard average weekly red wine intake) well diet-derived circulating antioxidants, including Vit. C (ascorbate), E (α-tocopherol), (γ-tocopherol), Carotene, A (retinol), Zinc, Selenium ( N = 2,603–428,860) were significantly associated independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We obtained pooled statistics from meta-analysis three genome-wide association (GWASs) European ancestry, 4,680 cases 39,586 controls. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was primary analytical method, sensitivity analysis conducted assess robustness main findings. Results Genetically, [odds ratio (OR) 0.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07–0.37, p 1.57 × 10 –5 ], (OR 0.28, CI 0.08–1.00, 0.049), 0.99, 0.98–0.99, 5.66 –7 ) identified protective factors against no causal effect other found. Moreover, instances pleiotropy or heterogeneity observed in study. Conclusion Our study indicates coffee, tea, consumption can potentially reduce risk is insufficient evidence support significant

Language: Английский

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Pharmacological mechanisms of puerarin in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: An overview

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 177, P. 117101 - 117101

Published: July 14, 2024

Puerarin, a monomer of traditional Chinese medicine, is key component Pueraria radix. Both clinical and experimental researches demonstrated that puerarin has therapeutic effects on Parkinson's disease (PD). Puerarin's pharmacological mechanisms include: 1) Anti-apoptosis. Puerarin inhibits cell apoptosis through the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) c-Jun N-terminal (JNK) signaling pathways. also exerts hormone-like effect against apoptosis; 2) Anti-oxidative stress injury. Nrf2 nuclear exclusion GSK-3β/Fyn pathway to promote accumulation in nucleus, then promotes antioxidant synthesis Nrf2/ARE protect oxidative stress; 3) Neuroprotective by intervening ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) autophagy-lysosomal (ALP). significantly enhances activity chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), which downregulates expression α-synuclein, reduces its accumulation, thus improves function damaged neurons. Additionally, increases proteasome decreases ubiquitin-binding proteins, thereby preventing toxic intracellular proteins; 4) Alleviating inflammatory response. conversion microglia M1 phenotype while inducing transition M2 phenotype. Furthermore, secretion anti-inflammatory factor pro-inflammatory factors; 5) Increasing levels dopamine metabolites. could increase dopamine, homovanillic acid (HVA) 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic (DOPAC) striatum; 6) Promoting neurotrophic neuronal repair. glial cell-derived (GDNF), brain-derived (BDNF) nerve growth (NGF), exerting neuroprotective effect. Moreover, regulation gut microbiota may be potential mechanism for treatment PD. The current review discusses molecular puerarin, provide insight into active components medicine

Language: Английский

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Markers of Metabolic Abnormalities in Vitiligo Patients

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(18), P. 10201 - 10201

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

While vitiligo is primarily caused by melanocyte deficiency or dysfunction, recent studies have revealed a notable prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among patients with vitiligo. This suggests shared pathogenic features between the two conditions. Individuals often exhibit variations in triglyceride levels, cholesterol, and blood pressure, which are also affected MetS. Given similarities their underlying mechanisms, genetic factors, pro-inflammatory signalling pathways, increased oxidative stress, this study aims to highlight common traits systemic disorders. Serum analyses confirmed low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels vitiligo, compared physiological values. In addition, we reported significant decreases folate vitamin D (Vit D) levels. Oxidative stress one causes development syndromes related advancement skin diseases. found high inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) chemokine 10 (CXCL10), markers inflammation disease progression. The accumulation insulin growth factor binding proteins 5 (IGFBP5) advanced glycation end products (AGEs) entailed atherosclerosis diabetes onset, respectively, were disclosed blood-associated activity antioxidant enzymes catalase (Cat) superoxide dismutase (SOD) was impaired. Moreover, plasma fatty acid (FAs) profile analysis showed an alteration composition specific estimated activities FAs biosynthetic resembling MetS development, resulting imbalance towards n6-series FAs. These results that could be considered new target for developing more effective therapeutic approach.

Language: Английский

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Dietary habits in adult Japanese patients with vitiligo

The Journal of Dermatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(4), P. 491 - 508

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Abstract Vitiligo is an autoimmune skin disease with acquired depigmentation. Dietary habits may modulate the pathogenesis of vitiligo. We evaluated dietary in adult Japanese patients nonsegmental vitiligo, and compared their results those age‐ sex‐matched controls. also examined relationship between Area Scoring Index (VASI), or vitiligo on different anatomical sites. The intakes energy, nutrients, foods participants were analyzed using a brief‐type self‐administered diet history questionnaire. Patients showed higher body mass index (BMI) lower manganese, vitamin D, pulses, confection, Multivariate logistic regression analysis that was associated high BMI. VASI males than females, negatively correlated age potatoes vegetables other green/yellow vegetables. Linear multivariate younger age. moderate to severe (VASI ≥ 4.25) male sex longer duration. analyses following association respective sites: intake eggs dairy products head neck, oils fats trunk, cereals upper limbs, BMI hands feet. In conclusion, control obesity might have prophylactic therapeutic effects

Language: Английский

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