NLRP3 inflammasome: a key player in the pathogenesis of life-style disorders

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(7), P. 1488 - 1500

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines play a crucial role in regulating the inflammatory response, which is essential for proper functioning of our immune system. When infections or threats to body’s defense mechanisms are detected, innate system takes lead. However, an excessive response can lead production high concentrations cytotoxic molecules, resulting tissue damage. Inflammasomes significant contributors immunity, one most extensively studied inflammasome complexes NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3). NLRP3 has wide range recognition that streamline activation eliminate pathogens. These cytosolic multiprotein composed effector, adaptor, sensor proteins, identifying intracellular bacterial breakdown products initiating cascade. To understand diverse behavior its significance development lifestyle-related diseases, must delve into study apoptosis mediated by release proinflammatory cytokines. In this review, we briefly explore context lifestyle associated disorders such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, oral cardiovascular disease.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Link between Obesity and Atrial Fibrillation

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 117 - 117

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

The adipose tissue has long been thought to represent a passive source of triglycerides and fatty acids. However, extensive data have demonstrated that the is also major endocrine organ directly or indirectly affects physiological functions almost all cell types. Obesity recognized as risk factor for multiple systemic conditions, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, sleep apnea, cardiovascular disorders, many others. Obesity-related changes in induce functional structural cardiac myocytes, promoting wide range atrial fibrillation (AF). Due wealth epidemiologic linking AF obesity, mechanisms underlying occurrence obese patients are an area rich ongoing investigation. progress somewhat slowed by complex phenotypes both obesity AF. triad inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction critical pathogenesis setting via proarrhythmic at level atria. aim this paper provide comprehensive view close relationship between obesity-induced clinical implications these mechanistic insights discussed.

Language: Английский

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Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Pulmonary Dysfunction in Obesity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(13), P. 7349 - 7349

Published: July 1, 2022

Obesity is a chronic disease caused by an excess of adipose tissue that may impair health altering the functionality various organs, including lungs. Excessive deposition fat in abdominal area can lead to abnormal positioning diaphragm and consequent reduction lung volume, leading heightened demand for ventilation increased exposure respiratory diseases, such as obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, sleep apnoea. In addition mechanical ventilatory constraints, ectopic visceral depots dysfunction, which promotes metabolic disorders. An altered adipokine-secretion profile from dysfunctional morbid obesity fosters systemic, low-grade inflammation, impairing immune response promoting airway hyperresponsiveness. A potential target these adipokines could be NLRP3 inflammasome, critical component innate system, harmful pro-inflammatory effect affects both obesity. this review, we will investigate crosstalk between obesity, highlighting main inflammatory mediators novel therapeutic targets preventing dysfunction.

Language: Английский

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The role of interleukin-1β in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 27, 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial non-communicable disease that characterized by insulin resistance and chronic sub-clinical inflammation. Among the emerging inflammatory markers observed to be associated with β-cell damage interleukin 1β (IL1β), proinflammatory cytokine modulates important metabolic processes including secretion apoptosis. The present systematic review meta-analysis gathers available evidence on role of IL1β in T2DM. PubMed Embase were searched for human studies assessed 1L1β T2DM individuals from 2016-2021. Thirteen (N=2680; T2DM=1182, controls=1498) out 523 included only 3 meta-analysis. Assays most commonly used quantification method lipopolysaccharides as common stimulator upregulation. Random fixed effects showed non-significant mean differences concentrations between controls. Given high heterogeneity small subset included, caution advised interpretation results. highlights limited could implicate potent biomarker Standardization assays larger sample sizes are encouraged future observational prospective studies.

Language: Английский

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G protein-coupled estrogen receptor activation by bisphenol-A disrupts lipid metabolism and induces ferroptosis in the liver

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 334, P. 122211 - 122211

Published: July 14, 2023

Language: Английский

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Leptin: A Heavyweight Player in Obesity-Related Cancers

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 1084 - 1084

Published: July 6, 2023

Obesity, defined as the abnormal or excessive expansion of white adipose tissue, has reached pandemic proportions and is recognized an important health concern since it a common root for several comorbidities, including malignancies. Indeed, current knowledge which shifts its role from energy storage tissue to endocrine metabolic organ, opened up new avenues discovery obesity's effects on tumor biology. In this review, we will report epidemiological studies concerning strong impact obesity in types cancer describe mechanisms underlying heterotypic signals between cell lines adipocytes, with particular emphasis inflammation, insulin/IGF-1 axis, adipokines. Among adipokines, further vitro, vivo, clinical data leptin, one most mediators obesity-associated cancers. fact, leptin physiologically regulates metabolism, appetite, reproduction, have also described affecting development progression. Finally, summarize newest pharmacological strategies aimed at mitigating protumorigenic underlining their action.

Language: Английский

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Current Insights into the Effects of Dietary α-Linolenic Acid Focusing on Alterations of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Profiles in Metabolic Syndrome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 4909 - 4909

Published: April 30, 2024

The plant-derived α-linolenic acid (ALA) is an essential n-3 highly susceptible to oxidation, present in oils of flaxseeds, walnuts, canola, perilla, soy, and chia. After ingestion, it can be incorporated body lipid pools (particularly triglycerides phospholipid membranes), then endogenously metabolized through desaturation, elongation, peroxisome oxidation eicosapentaenoic (EPA) docosahexaenoic (DHA), with a very limited efficiency for DHA), beta-oxidized as energy source, or directly C18-oxilipins. At this moment, data the literature about effects ALA supplementation on metabolic syndrome (MetS) humans are inconsistent, indicating no some positive all MetS components (abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, impaired insulin sensitivity glucoregulation, blood pressure, liver steatosis). major seem its conversion more potent EPA DHA, impact n-3/n-6 ratio, consecutive formation oxylipins endocannabinoids, inflammation, sensitivity, secretion, well adipocyte hepatocytes function. It important distinguish direct from DHA metabolites. This review summarizes most recent findings topic discusses possible mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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OxInflammatory Responses in the Wound Healing Process: A Systematic Review

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 823 - 823

Published: July 9, 2024

Significant sums are spent every year to find effective treatments control inflammation and speed up the repair of damaged skin. This study investigated main mechanisms involved in skin wound cure. Consequently, it offered guidance develop new therapies OxInflammation infection decrease functional loss cost issues. systematic review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines, with a structured search MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Web Science databases, analyzing 23 original studies. Bias analysis quality were assessed SYRCLE tool (Prospero number is CRD262 936). Our results highlight activation membrane receptors (IFN-δ, TNF-α, toll-like) phagocytes, especially macrophages, during early healing. The STAT1, IP3, NF-kβ pathways positively regulated, while Ca

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms and effects of NLRP3 in digestive cancers

Cell Death Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Abstract Inflammasomes are thought to be important mediators of host defense against microbial pathogens and maintenance gastrointestinal tract homeostasis. They can modulate caspase-1 promote IL-18 IL-1β secretion phagocytosis induced by bacterial pathogens. NLRP3 is an inflammasome comprising a multiprotein complex assembled pattern recognition receptors in the cell cytoplasm. It crucial component innate immune system. Dysregulation may contribute inflammatory diseases intestinal cancers. Recent research suggests that plays essential role tumor development; therefore, intensive study its mechanism warranted as it could play key treatment digestive system tumors. In this review, we discuss tumors response strategies for potential use treatment.

Language: Английский

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Ketogenic Diets for Body Weight Loss: A Comparison with Other Diets

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 965 - 965

Published: March 10, 2025

With the prevalence of obesity and overweight increasing at an alarming rate, more researchers are focused on identifying effective weight loss strategies. The ketogenic diet (KD), used as a treatment in epilepsy management for over 100 years, is additionally gaining popularity method. Although its efficacy well documented, areas where it may be beneficial to other dietary approaches need carefully examined. objective this paper identify potential benefits KD alternative strategies based comprehensive literature review. It has been shown that bioenergetically efficient than strategies, inter alia owing effect curtailing hunger, improving satiety decreasing appetite (influence hunger hormones sensation hunger), inducing faster initial (associated with lower glycogen levels reduced water retention), controlling glycaemia insulinemia (directly attributable low-carbohydrate nature indirectly described). These effects accompanied by improved insulin sensitivity, inflammation (through ketone bodies avoidance pro-inflammatory sugars), pharmacological control (the diet’s mechanisms similar those medication but without side effects), positive impacts psychological factors food addiction. Based authors’ review latest research, reasonable conclude that, due these many additional health benefits, advantageous diet-based This important hypothesis deserves further exploration, which could achieved including outcome measures future clinical trials, especially when comparing different diets equal caloric value.

Language: Английский

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